reorganization energy values. Thus, there is a lot of evidence that selected organic
chromophores (porphyrins, phthalocyanines, corroles) with QD or C 60 can be
promising materials for the composition of photoactive systems in the future.
Acknowledgements The paper is supported by Poznan University of Technology, the grant DS
06/62/DSPB/2181. The author is much grateful to Prof. D. T. Gryko (Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland) for the gift of the corrole and
corrole-fullerene samples. We also thank M.Sc. Eng. Kamil Kędzieski for the help of drawings.
References
1. Wróbel D (2016) From natural photosynthesis to molecular photovoltaics. Mol Cryst Liq
Cryst 627:4–22
2. Gong X, Milic T, Xu C, Batteas JD, Drain CM (2002) Preparation and characterization of
porphyrin nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 124:14290–14291
3. Huang X, Nakanishi K, Berova N (2000) Porphyrins and metalloporphyrins: versatile
circular dichroic reporter groups for structural studies. Chirality 12:237–255
4. Braun A, Tcherniac J (1907) Über die Produkte der Einwirkung von Acetanhydrid auf
Phthalamid. Ber Dtsch Chem Ges 40:2709–2714
5. Dolphin D (1978) The porphyrins, vol III. Academic Press, Cambridge
6. Grätzel M (2005) Solar energy conversion by dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells. Inorg Chem
44:6841–6851
7. Morandeira A, López-Duarte I, Martínez-Díaz MV, O’Regan B, Shuttle C, HajiZainulabidin NA, Torres T, Palomares E, Durrant RJ (2007) Slow electron injection on
Ru–phthalocyanine sensitized TiO 2 . J Am Chem Soc 129:9250–9251
8. Luo L, Lin CJ, Tsai CY, Wu HP, Li LL, Lo CF, Lin CY, Diau EW (2010) Effects of
aggregation and electron injection on photovoltaic performance of porphyrin-based solar
cells with oligo(phenylethynyl) links inside TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 nanotube arrays. Phys Chem
Chem Phys 12:1064–1071
9. Heimer TA, Heilweil EJ (1997) Direct time-resolved infrared measurement of electron
injection in dye-sensitized titanium dioxide films. J Phys Chem 101:10990–10993
10. Hasobe T, Imahori H, Kamat PY, Ahn TK, Kim SK, Kim D, Fujimoto A, Hirakawa T,
Fukuzumi S (2005) Photovoltaic cells using composite nanoclusters of porphyrins and
fullerenes with gold nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 127:1216–1228
11. Schmidt-Mende L, Campbell WM, Wang Q, Jolley KW, Officer DL, Nazeeruddin KM,
Grätzel M (2005) Zn-porphyrin-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO 2 heterojunction photovoltaic
cells. Chem Phys 6:1253–1258
12. Lee MW, Lee DL, Yen WN, Yeh CY (2009) Synthesis, optical and photovoltaic properties
of porphyrin dyes. J Macromol Sci Part A 46:730–737
13. Smertenkov PS, Kostylev VP, Kislyuk VV, Syngaevsky AF, Zynio SA, Dimitriev OP
(2008) Photovoltaic cells based on cadmium sulphide–phthalocyanine heterojunction. Sol
Energy Mater Sol Cells 92:976–979
14. Wróbel D, Goc J, Ion RM (1998) Photovoltaic and spectral properties of tetraphenyloporphyrin and metallotetraphenyloporphyrin dyes. J Mol Struct 450:239–246
15. Wróbel D, Siejak A, Siejak P (2010) Photovoltaic and spectroscopic studies of selected
halogenated porphyrins for their application in organic solar cells. Sol Energy Mater Sol
Cells 94:492–500
16. Siejak A, Wróbel D, Ion RM (2006) Study of resonance effects in copper phthalocyanines.
J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 181:180–187
3 Quantum Dot and Fullerene with Organic Chromophores as …
117
chromophores (porphyrins, phthalocyanines, corroles) with QD or C 60 can be
promising materials for the composition of photoactive systems in the future.
Acknowledgements The paper is supported by Poznan University of Technology, the grant DS
06/62/DSPB/2181. The author is much grateful to Prof. D. T. Gryko (Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland) for the gift of the corrole and
corrole-fullerene samples. We also thank M.Sc. Eng. Kamil Kędzieski for the help of drawings.
References
1. Wróbel D (2016) From natural photosynthesis to molecular photovoltaics. Mol Cryst Liq
Cryst 627:4–22
2. Gong X, Milic T, Xu C, Batteas JD, Drain CM (2002) Preparation and characterization of
porphyrin nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 124:14290–14291
3. Huang X, Nakanishi K, Berova N (2000) Porphyrins and metalloporphyrins: versatile
circular dichroic reporter groups for structural studies. Chirality 12:237–255
4. Braun A, Tcherniac J (1907) Über die Produkte der Einwirkung von Acetanhydrid auf
Phthalamid. Ber Dtsch Chem Ges 40:2709–2714
5. Dolphin D (1978) The porphyrins, vol III. Academic Press, Cambridge
6. Grätzel M (2005) Solar energy conversion by dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells. Inorg Chem
44:6841–6851
7. Morandeira A, López-Duarte I, Martínez-Díaz MV, O’Regan B, Shuttle C, HajiZainulabidin NA, Torres T, Palomares E, Durrant RJ (2007) Slow electron injection on
Ru–phthalocyanine sensitized TiO 2 . J Am Chem Soc 129:9250–9251
8. Luo L, Lin CJ, Tsai CY, Wu HP, Li LL, Lo CF, Lin CY, Diau EW (2010) Effects of
aggregation and electron injection on photovoltaic performance of porphyrin-based solar
cells with oligo(phenylethynyl) links inside TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 nanotube arrays. Phys Chem
Chem Phys 12:1064–1071
9. Heimer TA, Heilweil EJ (1997) Direct time-resolved infrared measurement of electron
injection in dye-sensitized titanium dioxide films. J Phys Chem 101:10990–10993
10. Hasobe T, Imahori H, Kamat PY, Ahn TK, Kim SK, Kim D, Fujimoto A, Hirakawa T,
Fukuzumi S (2005) Photovoltaic cells using composite nanoclusters of porphyrins and
fullerenes with gold nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 127:1216–1228
11. Schmidt-Mende L, Campbell WM, Wang Q, Jolley KW, Officer DL, Nazeeruddin KM,
Grätzel M (2005) Zn-porphyrin-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO 2 heterojunction photovoltaic
cells. Chem Phys 6:1253–1258
12. Lee MW, Lee DL, Yen WN, Yeh CY (2009) Synthesis, optical and photovoltaic properties
of porphyrin dyes. J Macromol Sci Part A 46:730–737
13. Smertenkov PS, Kostylev VP, Kislyuk VV, Syngaevsky AF, Zynio SA, Dimitriev OP
(2008) Photovoltaic cells based on cadmium sulphide–phthalocyanine heterojunction. Sol
Energy Mater Sol Cells 92:976–979
14. Wróbel D, Goc J, Ion RM (1998) Photovoltaic and spectral properties of tetraphenyloporphyrin and metallotetraphenyloporphyrin dyes. J Mol Struct 450:239–246
15. Wróbel D, Siejak A, Siejak P (2010) Photovoltaic and spectroscopic studies of selected
halogenated porphyrins for their application in organic solar cells. Sol Energy Mater Sol
Cells 94:492–500
16. Siejak A, Wróbel D, Ion RM (2006) Study of resonance effects in copper phthalocyanines.
J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 181:180–187
3 Quantum Dot and Fullerene with Organic Chromophores as …
117