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nutrient-enriched, low salinity estuarine waters fueled by the availability of non-N
nutrients (Huber 1986) (Fig. 4.3a) (see Chap. 7). One of the largest of these is the
Baltic Sea, where dense blooms of cyanobacteria form and can cause environmental
problems including toxicity and odor (Finni et al. 2001).
Fig. 4.3 (a). Nodularia bloom in the Baltic Sea from Landsat 8 on 19 Jul 2019. (b). Trichodesmium
bloom in the Capricorn Channel of the Great Barrier reef from the Operational Land Imager
aboard Landsat 8 on 11 Sep 2017. (Images courtesy of NASA)
4.1 The Surface Ocean (Pelagic)
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