155
Großkopf, T., Mohr, W., Baustian, T., Schunck, H., Gill, D., et al. (2012). Doubling of marine
dinitrogen-fixation rates based on direct measurements. Nature, 488(7411), 361–364.
Gruber, N. (2004). The dynamics of the marine nitrogen cycle and its influence on atmospheric
CO 2 . In M. Follows & T. Oguz (Eds.), The ocean carbon cycle and climate (pp. 97–148).
Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
Gruber, N. (2008). The marine nitrogen cycle: Overview and challenges. In D. G. Capone,
D. Bronk, M. Mulholland, & E. J. Carpenter (Eds.), Nitrogen in the marine environment 2nd
edition (pp. 1–15). Amsterdam: Academic.
Gruber, N. (2019). A diagnosis for marine nitrogen fixation. Nature, 566(7743), 191–193.
Gruber, N., & Sarmiento, J. (1997). Global patterns of marine nitrogen fixation and denitrification.
Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 11, 235–266.
Gundersen, K. R. (1974). A study of biological nitrogen transformations in the water masses of
the north Central Pacific Ocean. Hawaii: Hawaii Institute of Geophysic. University of Hawaii.
Halm, H., Lam, P., Ferdelman, T. G., Lavik, G., Dittmar, T., et al. (2012). Heterotrophic organisms
dominate nitrogen fixation in the South Pacific gyre. The ISME Journal, 6, 1–12. https://doi.
org/10.1038/ismej.2011.182.
Helly, J. J., & Levin, L. A. (2004). Global distribution of naturally occurring marine hypoxia on
continental margins. Deep-Sea Research Part I, 51(9), 1159–1168.
Howarth, R. W., Marino, R., Lane, J., & Cole, J. J. (1988). Nitrogen fixation in freshwater, estuarine, and marine ecoystems. 1. Rates and importance. Limnology and Oceanography, 33,
669–687.
Jickells, T., Buitenhuis, E., Altieri, K., Baker, A., Capone, D., et al. (2017). A reevaluation of the
magnitude and impacts of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen inputs on the ocean. Global
Biogeochemical Cycles, 31(2), 289–305.
Krishnamurthy, A., Moore, J. K., Zender, C. S., & Luo, C. (2007). Effects of atmospheric inorganic
nitrogen deposition on ocean biogeochemistry. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112(G2),
G02019. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000334.
Krishnamurthy, A., Moore, J. K., Mahowald, N., Luo, C., & Zender, C. S. (2010). Impacts of
atmospheric nutrient inputs on marine biogeochemistry. Journal of Geophysical Research –
Biogeosciences, 115, G01006. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JG001115.
Lee, K., Karl, D., Wannikhof, R., & Zhang, J.-Z. (2002). Global estimate of net carbon production
in the nitrate-depleted tropical and sub-tropical ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 29, 13-1.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL014198.
Löscher, C. R., Großkopf, T., Desai, F. D., Gill, D., Schunck, H., et al. (2014). Facets of diazotrophy in the oxygen minimum zone waters off Peru. The ISME Journal, 8(11), 2180.
Luo, Y.-W., Doney, S. C., Anderson, L. A., Bode, A., Bonnet, S., et al. (2012). Database for diazotrophs in global ocean: Abundances, biomasses and nitrogen fixation rates. Earth System
Science Data Discussions, 4, 47–73. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd- 5194- 5147- 2012.
Mahowald, N., Engelstaedter, S., Luo, C., Sealy, A., Artaxo, P., et al. (2009). Atmospheric iron
deposition: Global distribution, variability and human perturbations. Annual Review of Marine
Science, 1, 245–278. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163727.
Marconi, D., Sigman, D. M., Casciotti, K. L., Campbell, E. C., Alexandra Weigand, M., et al.
(2017). Tropical dominance of N 2 fixation in the North Atlantic Ocean. Global Biogeochemical
Cycles, 31(10), 1608–1623.
Michaels, A., Karl, D., & Capone, D. (2001). Element stoichiometry, new production and nitrogen
fixation. Oceanography, 14, 68–77.
Moisander, P. H., Benavides, M., Bonnet, S., Berman-Frank, I., White, A. E., et al. (2017).
Chasing after non-cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation in marine pelagic environments. Frontiers
in Microbiology, 8, 1736.
Montoya, J. P. (2008). Nitrogen stable isotopes in marine environments. In D. G. Capone, D. Bronk,
M. Mulholland, & E. J. Carpenter (Eds.), Nitrogen in the marine environment (2nd ed.). San
Diego: Elsevier/Academic.
Montoya, J., Carpenter, E., & Capone, D. (2002). Nitrogen fixation and nitrogen isotope abundance in zooplankton of the oligotrophic North Atlantic. Limnology and Oceanography, 47,
1617–1628.
References
Großkopf, T., Mohr, W., Baustian, T., Schunck, H., Gill, D., et al. (2012). Doubling of marine
dinitrogen-fixation rates based on direct measurements. Nature, 488(7411), 361–364.
Gruber, N. (2004). The dynamics of the marine nitrogen cycle and its influence on atmospheric
CO 2 . In M. Follows & T. Oguz (Eds.), The ocean carbon cycle and climate (pp. 97–148).
Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
Gruber, N. (2008). The marine nitrogen cycle: Overview and challenges. In D. G. Capone,
D. Bronk, M. Mulholland, & E. J. Carpenter (Eds.), Nitrogen in the marine environment 2nd
edition (pp. 1–15). Amsterdam: Academic.
Gruber, N. (2019). A diagnosis for marine nitrogen fixation. Nature, 566(7743), 191–193.
Gruber, N., & Sarmiento, J. (1997). Global patterns of marine nitrogen fixation and denitrification.
Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 11, 235–266.
Gundersen, K. R. (1974). A study of biological nitrogen transformations in the water masses of
the north Central Pacific Ocean. Hawaii: Hawaii Institute of Geophysic. University of Hawaii.
Halm, H., Lam, P., Ferdelman, T. G., Lavik, G., Dittmar, T., et al. (2012). Heterotrophic organisms
dominate nitrogen fixation in the South Pacific gyre. The ISME Journal, 6, 1–12. https://doi.
org/10.1038/ismej.2011.182.
Helly, J. J., & Levin, L. A. (2004). Global distribution of naturally occurring marine hypoxia on
continental margins. Deep-Sea Research Part I, 51(9), 1159–1168.
Howarth, R. W., Marino, R., Lane, J., & Cole, J. J. (1988). Nitrogen fixation in freshwater, estuarine, and marine ecoystems. 1. Rates and importance. Limnology and Oceanography, 33,
669–687.
Jickells, T., Buitenhuis, E., Altieri, K., Baker, A., Capone, D., et al. (2017). A reevaluation of the
magnitude and impacts of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen inputs on the ocean. Global
Biogeochemical Cycles, 31(2), 289–305.
Krishnamurthy, A., Moore, J. K., Zender, C. S., & Luo, C. (2007). Effects of atmospheric inorganic
nitrogen deposition on ocean biogeochemistry. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112(G2),
G02019. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000334.
Krishnamurthy, A., Moore, J. K., Mahowald, N., Luo, C., & Zender, C. S. (2010). Impacts of
atmospheric nutrient inputs on marine biogeochemistry. Journal of Geophysical Research –
Biogeosciences, 115, G01006. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JG001115.
Lee, K., Karl, D., Wannikhof, R., & Zhang, J.-Z. (2002). Global estimate of net carbon production
in the nitrate-depleted tropical and sub-tropical ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 29, 13-1.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL014198.
Löscher, C. R., Großkopf, T., Desai, F. D., Gill, D., Schunck, H., et al. (2014). Facets of diazotrophy in the oxygen minimum zone waters off Peru. The ISME Journal, 8(11), 2180.
Luo, Y.-W., Doney, S. C., Anderson, L. A., Bode, A., Bonnet, S., et al. (2012). Database for diazotrophs in global ocean: Abundances, biomasses and nitrogen fixation rates. Earth System
Science Data Discussions, 4, 47–73. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd- 5194- 5147- 2012.
Mahowald, N., Engelstaedter, S., Luo, C., Sealy, A., Artaxo, P., et al. (2009). Atmospheric iron
deposition: Global distribution, variability and human perturbations. Annual Review of Marine
Science, 1, 245–278. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163727.
Marconi, D., Sigman, D. M., Casciotti, K. L., Campbell, E. C., Alexandra Weigand, M., et al.
(2017). Tropical dominance of N 2 fixation in the North Atlantic Ocean. Global Biogeochemical
Cycles, 31(10), 1608–1623.
Michaels, A., Karl, D., & Capone, D. (2001). Element stoichiometry, new production and nitrogen
fixation. Oceanography, 14, 68–77.
Moisander, P. H., Benavides, M., Bonnet, S., Berman-Frank, I., White, A. E., et al. (2017).
Chasing after non-cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation in marine pelagic environments. Frontiers
in Microbiology, 8, 1736.
Montoya, J. P. (2008). Nitrogen stable isotopes in marine environments. In D. G. Capone, D. Bronk,
M. Mulholland, & E. J. Carpenter (Eds.), Nitrogen in the marine environment (2nd ed.). San
Diego: Elsevier/Academic.
Montoya, J., Carpenter, E., & Capone, D. (2002). Nitrogen fixation and nitrogen isotope abundance in zooplankton of the oligotrophic North Atlantic. Limnology and Oceanography, 47,
1617–1628.
References