branching. J Biol Chem 284(8):5257–5264..
M805453200. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.
M805453200
48. Garcia-Limones C, Schnabele K, BlancoPortales R, Luz Bellido M, Caballero JL,
Schwab W, Munoz-Blanco J (2008) Functional
characterization of FaCCD1: a carotenoid
cleavage dioxygenase from strawberry involved
in lutein degradation during fruit ripening. J
Agric Food Chem 56(19):9277–9285.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf801096t
49. Ahrazem O, Rubio-Moraga A, Berman J,
Capell T, Christou P, Zhu C, Gomez-Gomez
L (2016) The carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase
CCD2 catalysing the synthesis of crocetin in
spring crocuses and saffron is a plastidial
enzyme. New Phytol 209(2):650–663.
https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13609
50. Sun Z, Hans J, Walter MH, Matusova R,
Beekwilder J, Verstappen FW, Ming Z, van
Echtelt E, Strack D, Bisseling T, Bouwmeester
HJ (2008) Cloning and characterisation of a
maize carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase
(ZmCCD1) and its involvement in the biosynthesis of apocarotenoids with various roles in
mutualistic and parasitic interactions. Planta
228(5):789–801. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s00425-008-0781-6
51. Schmidt H, Kurtzer R, Eisenreich W, Schwab
W (2006) The carotenase AtCCD1 from Arabidopsis thaliana is a dioxygenase. J Biol Chem
281(15):9845–9851.. M511668200. https://
doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M511668200
52. Bruno M, Koschmieder J, Wuest F, Schaub P,
Fehling-Kaschek M, Timmer J, Beyer P,
Al-Babili S (2016) Enzymatic study on
AtCCD4 and AtCCD7 and their potential to
form acyclic regulatory metabolites. J Exp Bot
67(21):5993–6005.. erw356. https://doi.
org/10.1093/jxb/erw356
53. Gonzales MF, Brooks T, Pukatzki SU, Provenzano D (2013) Rapid protocol for preparation
of Electrocompetent Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae. J Vis Exp 80:50684. https://doi.
org/10.3791/50684
54. Froger A, Hall JE (2007) Transformation of
plasmid DNA into E. coli using the heat
shock method. J Vis Exp 6:253. https://doi.
org/10.3791/253
55. Benov L, Al-Ibraheem J (2002) Disrupting
Escherichia coli: a comparison of methods. J
Biochem Mol Biol 35(4):428–431
74
Lourdes Go ´ mez-Go ´ mez et al.
M805453200. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.
M805453200
48. Garcia-Limones C, Schnabele K, BlancoPortales R, Luz Bellido M, Caballero JL,
Schwab W, Munoz-Blanco J (2008) Functional
characterization of FaCCD1: a carotenoid
cleavage dioxygenase from strawberry involved
in lutein degradation during fruit ripening. J
Agric Food Chem 56(19):9277–9285.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf801096t
49. Ahrazem O, Rubio-Moraga A, Berman J,
Capell T, Christou P, Zhu C, Gomez-Gomez
L (2016) The carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase
CCD2 catalysing the synthesis of crocetin in
spring crocuses and saffron is a plastidial
enzyme. New Phytol 209(2):650–663.
https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13609
50. Sun Z, Hans J, Walter MH, Matusova R,
Beekwilder J, Verstappen FW, Ming Z, van
Echtelt E, Strack D, Bisseling T, Bouwmeester
HJ (2008) Cloning and characterisation of a
maize carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase
(ZmCCD1) and its involvement in the biosynthesis of apocarotenoids with various roles in
mutualistic and parasitic interactions. Planta
228(5):789–801. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s00425-008-0781-6
51. Schmidt H, Kurtzer R, Eisenreich W, Schwab
W (2006) The carotenase AtCCD1 from Arabidopsis thaliana is a dioxygenase. J Biol Chem
281(15):9845–9851.. M511668200. https://
doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M511668200
52. Bruno M, Koschmieder J, Wuest F, Schaub P,
Fehling-Kaschek M, Timmer J, Beyer P,
Al-Babili S (2016) Enzymatic study on
AtCCD4 and AtCCD7 and their potential to
form acyclic regulatory metabolites. J Exp Bot
67(21):5993–6005.. erw356. https://doi.
org/10.1093/jxb/erw356
53. Gonzales MF, Brooks T, Pukatzki SU, Provenzano D (2013) Rapid protocol for preparation
of Electrocompetent Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae. J Vis Exp 80:50684. https://doi.
org/10.3791/50684
54. Froger A, Hall JE (2007) Transformation of
plasmid DNA into E. coli using the heat
shock method. J Vis Exp 6:253. https://doi.
org/10.3791/253
55. Benov L, Al-Ibraheem J (2002) Disrupting
Escherichia coli: a comparison of methods. J
Biochem Mol Biol 35(4):428–431
74
Lourdes Go ´ mez-Go ´ mez et al.