9. Beydoun MA, Chen X, Jha K, Beydoun HA,
Zonderman AB, Canas JA (2018) Carotenoids,
vitamin a, and their association with the metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Nutr Rev 77(1):32–45
10. Cho KS, Shin M, Kim S, Lee SB (2018) Recent
advances in studies on the therapeutic potential
of dietary carotenoids in neurodegenerative
diseases. Oxidative Med Cell Longev
2018:4120458
11. Von Lintig J (2012) Metabolism of carotenoids
and retinoids related to vision. J Biol Chem
287(3):1627–1634
12. Che P, Zhao Z-Y, Glassman K, Dolde D, Hu
TX, Jones TJ, Gruis DF, Obukosia S,
Wambugu F, Albertsen MC (2016) Elevated
vitamin E content improves all-trans
β-carotene accumulation and stability in biofortified sorghum. Proc Natl Acad Sci 113
(39):11040–11045
13. Beyer P, Al-Babili S, Ye X, Lucca P, Schaub P,
Welsch R, Potrykus I (2002) Golden rice:
introducing the β-carotene biosynthesis pathway into rice endosperm by genetic engineering to defeat vitamin a deficiency. J Nutr 132
(3):506S–510S
14. Nogueira M, Enfissi EM, Valenzuela MEM,
Menard GN, Driller RL, Eastmond PJ,
Schuch W, Sandmann G, Fraser PD (2017)
Engineering of tomato for the sustainable production of ketocarotenoids and its evaluation
in aquaculture feed. Proc Natl Acad Sci 114
(41):10876–10881
15. Boelsma E, Hendriks HF, Roza L (2001)
Nutritional skin care: health effects of micronutrients and fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr 73
(5):853–864
16. Hou X, Rivers J, Leo ´ n P, McQuinn RP, Pogson
BJ (2016) Synthesis and function of apocarotenoid signals in plants. Trends Plant Sci 21
(9):792–803
17. Alagoz Y, Nayak P, Dhami N, Cazzonelli CI
(2018) Cis-carotene biosynthesis, evolution
and regulation in plants: the emergence of
novel signaling metabolites. Arch Biochem
Biophys 654:172–184
18. McQuinn RP, Wong B, Giovannoni JJ (2018)
AtPDS overexpression in tomato: exposing
unique patterns of carotenoid self-regulation
and an alternative strategy for the enhancement
of fruit carotenoid content. Plant Biotechnol J
16(2):482–494
19. Enfissi EM, Nogueira M, Bramley PM, Fraser
PD (2017) The regulation of carotenoid formation in tomato fruit. Plant J 89(4):774–788
20. Dhami N, Tissue DT, Cazzonelli CI (2018)
Leaf-age dependent response of carotenoid
accumulation to elevated CO 2 in Arabidopsis.
Arch Biochem Biophys 647:67–75
21. D’andrea L, Simon-Moya M, Llorente B,
Llamas E, Marro M, Loza-Alvarez P, Li L,
Rodriguez-Concepcion M (2018) Interference
with Clp protease impairs carotenoid accumulation during tomato fruit ripening. J Exp Bot
69(7):1557–1568
22. Li F, Vallabhaneni R, Yu J, Rocheford T, Wurtzel ET (2008) The maize phytoene synthase
gene family: overlapping roles for carotenogenesis in endosperm, photomorphogenesis, and
thermal stress tolerance. Plant Physiol 147
(3):1334–1346
23. Llorente B, D’andrea L, Ruiz-Sola MA,
Botterweg E, Pulido P, Andilla J, LozaAlvarez P, Rodriguez-Concepcion M (2016)
Tomato fruit carotenoid biosynthesis is
adjusted to actual ripening progression by a
light-dependent mechanism. Plant J 85
(1):107–119
24. Han S-H, Sakuraba Y, Koh H-J, Paek N-C
(2012) Leaf variegation in the rice zebra2
mutant is caused by photoperiodic accumulation of tetra-Cis-lycopene and singlet oxygen.
Mol Cells 33(1):87–97
25. Chak RK, Thomas TL, Quatrano RS, Rock CD
(2000) The genes ABI1 and ABI2 are involved
in abscisic acid-and drought-inducible expression of the Daucus carota L. Dc3 promoter in
guard cells of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
(L.) Heynh. Planta 210(6):875–883
26. Saez A, Robert N, Maktabi MH, Schroeder JI,
Serrano R, Rodriguez PL (2006) Enhancement of abscisic acid sensitivity and reduction
of water consumption in Arabidopsis by combined inactivation of the protein phosphatases
type 2C ABI1 and HAB1. Plant Physiol 141
(4):1389–1399
27. Zhou J, Zeng L, Liu J, Xing D (2015) Manipulation of the xanthophyll cycle increases plant
susceptibility to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PLoS
Pathog 11(5):e1004878
28. Liu G, Pfeifer J, Brito Francisco R, Emonet A,
Stirnemann M, Gu ¨beli C, Hutter O, Sasse J,
Mattheyer C, Stelzer E (2018) Changes in the
allocation of endogenous strigolactone
improve plant biomass production on
phosphate-poor soils. New Phytol 217
(2):784–798
29. Schaub P, Rodriguez-Franco M, Cazzonelli
CI, A ´ lvarez D, Wu ¨st F, Welsch R (2018) Establishment of an Arabidopsis callus system to
study the interrelations of biosynthesis, degradation and accumulation of carotenoids. PLoS
One 13(2):e0192158
162
Yagiz Alagoz et al.
Zonderman AB, Canas JA (2018) Carotenoids,
vitamin a, and their association with the metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Nutr Rev 77(1):32–45
10. Cho KS, Shin M, Kim S, Lee SB (2018) Recent
advances in studies on the therapeutic potential
of dietary carotenoids in neurodegenerative
diseases. Oxidative Med Cell Longev
2018:4120458
11. Von Lintig J (2012) Metabolism of carotenoids
and retinoids related to vision. J Biol Chem
287(3):1627–1634
12. Che P, Zhao Z-Y, Glassman K, Dolde D, Hu
TX, Jones TJ, Gruis DF, Obukosia S,
Wambugu F, Albertsen MC (2016) Elevated
vitamin E content improves all-trans
β-carotene accumulation and stability in biofortified sorghum. Proc Natl Acad Sci 113
(39):11040–11045
13. Beyer P, Al-Babili S, Ye X, Lucca P, Schaub P,
Welsch R, Potrykus I (2002) Golden rice:
introducing the β-carotene biosynthesis pathway into rice endosperm by genetic engineering to defeat vitamin a deficiency. J Nutr 132
(3):506S–510S
14. Nogueira M, Enfissi EM, Valenzuela MEM,
Menard GN, Driller RL, Eastmond PJ,
Schuch W, Sandmann G, Fraser PD (2017)
Engineering of tomato for the sustainable production of ketocarotenoids and its evaluation
in aquaculture feed. Proc Natl Acad Sci 114
(41):10876–10881
15. Boelsma E, Hendriks HF, Roza L (2001)
Nutritional skin care: health effects of micronutrients and fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr 73
(5):853–864
16. Hou X, Rivers J, Leo ´ n P, McQuinn RP, Pogson
BJ (2016) Synthesis and function of apocarotenoid signals in plants. Trends Plant Sci 21
(9):792–803
17. Alagoz Y, Nayak P, Dhami N, Cazzonelli CI
(2018) Cis-carotene biosynthesis, evolution
and regulation in plants: the emergence of
novel signaling metabolites. Arch Biochem
Biophys 654:172–184
18. McQuinn RP, Wong B, Giovannoni JJ (2018)
AtPDS overexpression in tomato: exposing
unique patterns of carotenoid self-regulation
and an alternative strategy for the enhancement
of fruit carotenoid content. Plant Biotechnol J
16(2):482–494
19. Enfissi EM, Nogueira M, Bramley PM, Fraser
PD (2017) The regulation of carotenoid formation in tomato fruit. Plant J 89(4):774–788
20. Dhami N, Tissue DT, Cazzonelli CI (2018)
Leaf-age dependent response of carotenoid
accumulation to elevated CO 2 in Arabidopsis.
Arch Biochem Biophys 647:67–75
21. D’andrea L, Simon-Moya M, Llorente B,
Llamas E, Marro M, Loza-Alvarez P, Li L,
Rodriguez-Concepcion M (2018) Interference
with Clp protease impairs carotenoid accumulation during tomato fruit ripening. J Exp Bot
69(7):1557–1568
22. Li F, Vallabhaneni R, Yu J, Rocheford T, Wurtzel ET (2008) The maize phytoene synthase
gene family: overlapping roles for carotenogenesis in endosperm, photomorphogenesis, and
thermal stress tolerance. Plant Physiol 147
(3):1334–1346
23. Llorente B, D’andrea L, Ruiz-Sola MA,
Botterweg E, Pulido P, Andilla J, LozaAlvarez P, Rodriguez-Concepcion M (2016)
Tomato fruit carotenoid biosynthesis is
adjusted to actual ripening progression by a
light-dependent mechanism. Plant J 85
(1):107–119
24. Han S-H, Sakuraba Y, Koh H-J, Paek N-C
(2012) Leaf variegation in the rice zebra2
mutant is caused by photoperiodic accumulation of tetra-Cis-lycopene and singlet oxygen.
Mol Cells 33(1):87–97
25. Chak RK, Thomas TL, Quatrano RS, Rock CD
(2000) The genes ABI1 and ABI2 are involved
in abscisic acid-and drought-inducible expression of the Daucus carota L. Dc3 promoter in
guard cells of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
(L.) Heynh. Planta 210(6):875–883
26. Saez A, Robert N, Maktabi MH, Schroeder JI,
Serrano R, Rodriguez PL (2006) Enhancement of abscisic acid sensitivity and reduction
of water consumption in Arabidopsis by combined inactivation of the protein phosphatases
type 2C ABI1 and HAB1. Plant Physiol 141
(4):1389–1399
27. Zhou J, Zeng L, Liu J, Xing D (2015) Manipulation of the xanthophyll cycle increases plant
susceptibility to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PLoS
Pathog 11(5):e1004878
28. Liu G, Pfeifer J, Brito Francisco R, Emonet A,
Stirnemann M, Gu ¨beli C, Hutter O, Sasse J,
Mattheyer C, Stelzer E (2018) Changes in the
allocation of endogenous strigolactone
improve plant biomass production on
phosphate-poor soils. New Phytol 217
(2):784–798
29. Schaub P, Rodriguez-Franco M, Cazzonelli
CI, A ´ lvarez D, Wu ¨st F, Welsch R (2018) Establishment of an Arabidopsis callus system to
study the interrelations of biosynthesis, degradation and accumulation of carotenoids. PLoS
One 13(2):e0192158
162
Yagiz Alagoz et al.