1.5.3 Photoelectrodes in Photo-Electrocatalytic Process
Photo-electrocatalysis has become an attractive way to increase the catalytic efficiency of photocatalysis. Photo-electrocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in
water using photocatalyst-coated substrates as photoelectrodes has been developed.
Treatments of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products
TiO 2 nanopore array for photo-electrocatalytic removal of tetracycline was reported
(Liu et al. 2009). A comparative removal of diclofenac by magnetically attached
TiO 2 /SiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 coated on graphite under UV irradiation with and without electric
potential was performed by Hu et al. (2011). In the presence of +0.8 V, the removal
efficiency of diclofenac was significantly higher than that of the conventional
photocatalysis (Hu et al. 2011).
Treatments of Persistent Organic Pollutants
Photo-electrocatalytic remediation of persistent organic pollutants using TiO 2 /Ni
photoelectrode showed the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of water
up to 82.6% (Fang et al. 2012). This method is more efficient than typical
photocatalysis and typical electrochemical oxidations. A study of coral-like porous
WO 3 /W photoelectrode for degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid, a highly toxic
persistent organic pollutant, was reported (Pan et al. 2019). The uniqueness of this
research is the porous coral-like structure that has a suitable energy band position
and strong oxidation ability, leading to a strong ability for photo-electrocatalytic
degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid. Another example is the use of fluorine-doped
tin oxide/WO 3 /BiVO 4 photoelectrodes that showed that mixing of metal oxides on
the BiVO 4 photocatalysts could enhance the charge separation (Chatchai et al.
2009). In the study of efficient photocatalytic degradation of phenol as a persistent
organic pollutant substrate over Co 3 O 4 /BiVO 4 composite, the key factor for the high
photocatalytic activity is the sequence of WO 3 and BiVO 4 layers (Long et al. 2006).
Treatments of Organic Dyes
Photoelectrodes made of Ag 2 Mn 8 O 16 nanocrystals/TiO 2 nanotubes were fabricated
via anodization and annihilation methods and used for photocatalytic degradation of
rhodamine B under solar-simulated light irradiation (Thabit et al. 2018). RuO 2 /TiO 2
photoelectrodes for degradation of reactive brilliant red (X-3B) were also reported
(Fang et al. 2013).
1 Photocatalytic Remediation of Organic Pollutants in Water
37
Photo-electrocatalysis has become an attractive way to increase the catalytic efficiency of photocatalysis. Photo-electrocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in
water using photocatalyst-coated substrates as photoelectrodes has been developed.
Treatments of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products
TiO 2 nanopore array for photo-electrocatalytic removal of tetracycline was reported
(Liu et al. 2009). A comparative removal of diclofenac by magnetically attached
TiO 2 /SiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 coated on graphite under UV irradiation with and without electric
potential was performed by Hu et al. (2011). In the presence of +0.8 V, the removal
efficiency of diclofenac was significantly higher than that of the conventional
photocatalysis (Hu et al. 2011).
Treatments of Persistent Organic Pollutants
Photo-electrocatalytic remediation of persistent organic pollutants using TiO 2 /Ni
photoelectrode showed the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of water
up to 82.6% (Fang et al. 2012). This method is more efficient than typical
photocatalysis and typical electrochemical oxidations. A study of coral-like porous
WO 3 /W photoelectrode for degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid, a highly toxic
persistent organic pollutant, was reported (Pan et al. 2019). The uniqueness of this
research is the porous coral-like structure that has a suitable energy band position
and strong oxidation ability, leading to a strong ability for photo-electrocatalytic
degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid. Another example is the use of fluorine-doped
tin oxide/WO 3 /BiVO 4 photoelectrodes that showed that mixing of metal oxides on
the BiVO 4 photocatalysts could enhance the charge separation (Chatchai et al.
2009). In the study of efficient photocatalytic degradation of phenol as a persistent
organic pollutant substrate over Co 3 O 4 /BiVO 4 composite, the key factor for the high
photocatalytic activity is the sequence of WO 3 and BiVO 4 layers (Long et al. 2006).
Treatments of Organic Dyes
Photoelectrodes made of Ag 2 Mn 8 O 16 nanocrystals/TiO 2 nanotubes were fabricated
via anodization and annihilation methods and used for photocatalytic degradation of
rhodamine B under solar-simulated light irradiation (Thabit et al. 2018). RuO 2 /TiO 2
photoelectrodes for degradation of reactive brilliant red (X-3B) were also reported
(Fang et al. 2013).
1 Photocatalytic Remediation of Organic Pollutants in Water
37