Table 12.3 Recent studies on degradation of dyes using functionalized ionic liquids
Type of dye
Ionic liquids
Major findings
Reference
Anionic dyes
(methyl orange,
eosin yellow,
and orange G)
Imidazolium-based ionic liquids
[C4mim][PF6], [C6mim][PF6],
[C6mim][BF4], and [C8mim]
[PF6]
The extraction efficiencies of methyl orange,
eosin yellows, and
orange G are found as
85–99%, almost 100%
and 69%, respectively,
in tested water under the
optimized conditions
Pei et al.
(2007)
Dyes (methyl
blue and chromium ions)
Hydrophobic poly(ionic liquid)
of poly(3-ethyl-1vinylimidazolium bis
(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide)
(PVI-TFSI)
The maximum adsorbed
efficiencies for Cr
(VI) and methyl blue are
98.0% and 97.6%,
respectively, and maximum adsorption capacities of PVI-TFSI are
476.2 and 17.9 mg/g for
methyl blue and Cr(VI),
respectively
Hao et al.
(2013)
Methyl orange
(MO) and rhodamine B (RhB)
Dyes
1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium
tetrafluoroborate, [Bmim]BF4
with Degussa P25 TiO2
This paper presents new
insights of
photocatalysis mechanism, which is occurring
on functional group,
TiO2 and the design for
enhancement of
photocatalytic
performance
Qi et al.
(2013)
Set of textile
dyes (chloranilic
acid, indigo blue,
and sudan III)
Ionic liquids (phosphonium- and
imidazolium-based) and an inorganic (aluminum sulfate) or
organic salt (potassium citrate)
Authors have revealed
that a proper IL and salt
can be used to extract
these dyes to the IL-rich
phase in a single step
process
Ferreir et al.
(2014)
Azo dye (trypan
blue)
Ionic liquid-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of TiO 2
nanoparticles; ionic liquid: [BMI]
CH3SO3
Ionic liquid-assisted
TiO2 nanoparticles
exhibited the excellent
photocatalytic activity
for the photodegradation
of dye and trypan blue
and also reduce the
amount of Cr + 6 to
Cr + 3
Ravishankar
et al. (2015)
Methyl orange
(MO), methylene
blue (MB) and
rhodamine B
(RhB)
Synthesized silver chloride
nanoparticles and the ionic liquid
trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium
chloride
The degradation efficiencies are found to be
98.4% for MO, 98.6%
for MB, and 99.9% for
RhB in 1 h
Rodríguez
et al. (2017)
(continued)
12 Functionalized Ionic Liquids for the Photodegradation of Dyes
399
Type of dye
Ionic liquids
Major findings
Reference
Anionic dyes
(methyl orange,
eosin yellow,
and orange G)
Imidazolium-based ionic liquids
[C4mim][PF6], [C6mim][PF6],
[C6mim][BF4], and [C8mim]
[PF6]
The extraction efficiencies of methyl orange,
eosin yellows, and
orange G are found as
85–99%, almost 100%
and 69%, respectively,
in tested water under the
optimized conditions
Pei et al.
(2007)
Dyes (methyl
blue and chromium ions)
Hydrophobic poly(ionic liquid)
of poly(3-ethyl-1vinylimidazolium bis
(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide)
(PVI-TFSI)
The maximum adsorbed
efficiencies for Cr
(VI) and methyl blue are
98.0% and 97.6%,
respectively, and maximum adsorption capacities of PVI-TFSI are
476.2 and 17.9 mg/g for
methyl blue and Cr(VI),
respectively
Hao et al.
(2013)
Methyl orange
(MO) and rhodamine B (RhB)
Dyes
1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium
tetrafluoroborate, [Bmim]BF4
with Degussa P25 TiO2
This paper presents new
insights of
photocatalysis mechanism, which is occurring
on functional group,
TiO2 and the design for
enhancement of
photocatalytic
performance
Qi et al.
(2013)
Set of textile
dyes (chloranilic
acid, indigo blue,
and sudan III)
Ionic liquids (phosphonium- and
imidazolium-based) and an inorganic (aluminum sulfate) or
organic salt (potassium citrate)
Authors have revealed
that a proper IL and salt
can be used to extract
these dyes to the IL-rich
phase in a single step
process
Ferreir et al.
(2014)
Azo dye (trypan
blue)
Ionic liquid-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of TiO 2
nanoparticles; ionic liquid: [BMI]
CH3SO3
Ionic liquid-assisted
TiO2 nanoparticles
exhibited the excellent
photocatalytic activity
for the photodegradation
of dye and trypan blue
and also reduce the
amount of Cr + 6 to
Cr + 3
Ravishankar
et al. (2015)
Methyl orange
(MO), methylene
blue (MB) and
rhodamine B
(RhB)
Synthesized silver chloride
nanoparticles and the ionic liquid
trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium
chloride
The degradation efficiencies are found to be
98.4% for MO, 98.6%
for MB, and 99.9% for
RhB in 1 h
Rodríguez
et al. (2017)
(continued)
12 Functionalized Ionic Liquids for the Photodegradation of Dyes
399