solid particles and toxic pollutant leads to partial mineralization of water contaminants, shielding the viruses and bacteria from being decomposed by the disinfectants
(Blume and Neis 2004).
In recent years, differnt catalytic technologies have been propsed for the
disindection of micorbes and removal of organic pollutants using catalyst material
generating such as hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals and hydroperoxyl and
combine oxidation of irradiation, an electron with H 2 O 2 , O 3 at standard temperature
and pressure. However, when compared each reactive species with a synergistic
effect to increase the efficency of mineralization and to disinfect pathogenic microorganism shows that the synergistic effect of reactive species has high efficiency in
mineralization of organic pollutants and decreasing the effect of shielding of
suspended particles to disinfect pathogenic microorganism using catalytic technologies which predominantly include photocatalysis, electrochemical catalysis,
photoelectrochemical catalysis, catalytic ozonation, and so on. This opens for the
new chapter in water and wastewater treatment.
One of the catalytic technologies used for the disinfection of pathogenic microorganism and removal of toxic pollutants from wastewater treatment is using
an external electric current is electrochemical process and classified in to
electrocoagulation methods and electro-oxidation systems and produce disinfection
through direct oxidation in which the inactivation occurred on the surface of the
electrode using reactive oxygen species of from hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and ozone, or the electric field effect whereas indirect oxidation the inactivation
depends upon the generation of oxidants such as chlorine and persulfate species and
when compared with the conventional methods such as physical, chemical and
biological process, electrochemical process can give the following essential beneficiaries (i) it is simple operation, (ii) no addition of chemicals, (iii) it can easily
optimize the process(Barrera-Díaz et al. 2003). in the following section, the electrochemical disinfection methods to disinfect wastewater are discussed.
7.6.1 Electrocoagulation
Electrocoagulation is a process in which the waste water treated using energy, direct
electric current in particular, to produce metal ions in the anode (iron and aluminum).
It is and currently it attracts high attention in waste water treatment due to its simple
method to operate as well as it has, high efficiency in complete disinfection of
pathogenic microorganisms and removal of various ions and organic matters when
compared with other physicochemical methods (Nasrullah et al. 2017, Daida 2005;
Kim et al. 2002). Moreover, when compared with other physicochemical methods, it
has the following advantages: simple equipment, easy to operate, low chemical
addition, rapid sedimentation of electrogenerated flocs, and smaller amount of
sludge production (Nasrullah et al. 2017; Ramesh et al. 2007; Ghernaout et al. 2008).
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T. G. Ambaye et al.
(Blume and Neis 2004).
In recent years, differnt catalytic technologies have been propsed for the
disindection of micorbes and removal of organic pollutants using catalyst material
generating such as hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals and hydroperoxyl and
combine oxidation of irradiation, an electron with H 2 O 2 , O 3 at standard temperature
and pressure. However, when compared each reactive species with a synergistic
effect to increase the efficency of mineralization and to disinfect pathogenic microorganism shows that the synergistic effect of reactive species has high efficiency in
mineralization of organic pollutants and decreasing the effect of shielding of
suspended particles to disinfect pathogenic microorganism using catalytic technologies which predominantly include photocatalysis, electrochemical catalysis,
photoelectrochemical catalysis, catalytic ozonation, and so on. This opens for the
new chapter in water and wastewater treatment.
One of the catalytic technologies used for the disinfection of pathogenic microorganism and removal of toxic pollutants from wastewater treatment is using
an external electric current is electrochemical process and classified in to
electrocoagulation methods and electro-oxidation systems and produce disinfection
through direct oxidation in which the inactivation occurred on the surface of the
electrode using reactive oxygen species of from hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and ozone, or the electric field effect whereas indirect oxidation the inactivation
depends upon the generation of oxidants such as chlorine and persulfate species and
when compared with the conventional methods such as physical, chemical and
biological process, electrochemical process can give the following essential beneficiaries (i) it is simple operation, (ii) no addition of chemicals, (iii) it can easily
optimize the process(Barrera-Díaz et al. 2003). in the following section, the electrochemical disinfection methods to disinfect wastewater are discussed.
7.6.1 Electrocoagulation
Electrocoagulation is a process in which the waste water treated using energy, direct
electric current in particular, to produce metal ions in the anode (iron and aluminum).
It is and currently it attracts high attention in waste water treatment due to its simple
method to operate as well as it has, high efficiency in complete disinfection of
pathogenic microorganisms and removal of various ions and organic matters when
compared with other physicochemical methods (Nasrullah et al. 2017, Daida 2005;
Kim et al. 2002). Moreover, when compared with other physicochemical methods, it
has the following advantages: simple equipment, easy to operate, low chemical
addition, rapid sedimentation of electrogenerated flocs, and smaller amount of
sludge production (Nasrullah et al. 2017; Ramesh et al. 2007; Ghernaout et al. 2008).
230
T. G. Ambaye et al.