324
B. Lèye et al.
sector and Non-Governmental Organizations. Other measures that are being developed by the Government in Burkina Faso to help mitigate the adverse effects of
climate change include:
• the reorganization of the agrarian land system (through law No 034-2012/AN);
• the implementation of the environmental code (law No 006/97/ADP) of 8 February
2001, which modifies the Water Management Policy Act No. 002-2001/AN of 31
January 1997;
• the creation of the Integrated Water Resources Management Action Plan;
• the introduction of the National Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Program,
and
• building water resources management structures (water agencies, the National
Water Council, Local Water Committees, etc.).
This system, established by the Government with the support of development
partners, seeks to improve the environmental management of water resources. At the
reservoir level, management is often entrusted to water user associations that often
lack the management tools and scientific and technical capacity to serve their mission
effectively.
A range of development partners have worked with the Government to implement
the commitments of the Government of Denmark to improve the drinking water
supply (the governments of Burkino Faso and Denmark have been in a development
cooperative agreement since 1973). Denmark has mobilized technical assistance to
strengthen the capacities of stakeholders to program, invest and manage integrated
water resource management. In addition to policy-level interventions, efforts target
conservation, extraction and mobilization of water resources. Water resource challenges in Burkina Faso have also been the subject of empirical research, the results
of which are expected to enable the Government to improve its technological, legal,
institutional and economic strategies to support access to water.
4.3 Scientific Research
4.3.1 The Anthropogenics of Hydrological Modeling
Changes in the rainfall-runoff relationship depend on an anthropogenic dimension,
in addition to climate variability. It is, therefore, necessary to take into account the
dynamics of land use in the hydrological modeling of watersheds. The work of Diello
(2007) simulates human activity in and around watersheds in the Sahel, accounting
for land use dynamics and how they affect soil water retention capacity. The study
shows changes in Nakanbe River Basin natural vegetation, cultivation, bare soil
and water bodies in 1972, 1986, 1992 and 2002. Cultivated lands experienced a
two-stage dynamic between 1972 and 2002. From 1972 to 1992, the proportion of
land that was cultivated increased significantly (from 0.87 million ha in 1972 to
1.37 million ha in 1992). Between 1992 and 2002, the proportion of land that was
B. Lèye et al.
sector and Non-Governmental Organizations. Other measures that are being developed by the Government in Burkina Faso to help mitigate the adverse effects of
climate change include:
• the reorganization of the agrarian land system (through law No 034-2012/AN);
• the implementation of the environmental code (law No 006/97/ADP) of 8 February
2001, which modifies the Water Management Policy Act No. 002-2001/AN of 31
January 1997;
• the creation of the Integrated Water Resources Management Action Plan;
• the introduction of the National Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Program,
and
• building water resources management structures (water agencies, the National
Water Council, Local Water Committees, etc.).
This system, established by the Government with the support of development
partners, seeks to improve the environmental management of water resources. At the
reservoir level, management is often entrusted to water user associations that often
lack the management tools and scientific and technical capacity to serve their mission
effectively.
A range of development partners have worked with the Government to implement
the commitments of the Government of Denmark to improve the drinking water
supply (the governments of Burkino Faso and Denmark have been in a development
cooperative agreement since 1973). Denmark has mobilized technical assistance to
strengthen the capacities of stakeholders to program, invest and manage integrated
water resource management. In addition to policy-level interventions, efforts target
conservation, extraction and mobilization of water resources. Water resource challenges in Burkina Faso have also been the subject of empirical research, the results
of which are expected to enable the Government to improve its technological, legal,
institutional and economic strategies to support access to water.
4.3 Scientific Research
4.3.1 The Anthropogenics of Hydrological Modeling
Changes in the rainfall-runoff relationship depend on an anthropogenic dimension,
in addition to climate variability. It is, therefore, necessary to take into account the
dynamics of land use in the hydrological modeling of watersheds. The work of Diello
(2007) simulates human activity in and around watersheds in the Sahel, accounting
for land use dynamics and how they affect soil water retention capacity. The study
shows changes in Nakanbe River Basin natural vegetation, cultivation, bare soil
and water bodies in 1972, 1986, 1992 and 2002. Cultivated lands experienced a
two-stage dynamic between 1972 and 2002. From 1972 to 1992, the proportion of
land that was cultivated increased significantly (from 0.87 million ha in 1972 to
1.37 million ha in 1992). Between 1992 and 2002, the proportion of land that was