12 Water Management Policy for Freshwater Security …
265
volumes. Over this period, the average support volume for aquifers is 6531 m
3 /year,
with a maximum of 16,454 m
3 /year (in 2012–2013) in Mako.
Table 3 indicates that starting from the 1994 break, the rise in flows corresponds to a real drop in the depletion coefficient, as shown by Kendall’s τ on the
order of −0.11 in Mako. This decrease in the coefficient resulted in an increase in the
volume of groundwater contribution to the general flow of the Gambia River Basin,
in turn resulting in a positive net Kendall τ of 0.50 (in Mako), part of a trend of
the increase in groundwater contribution in recent périod (1994–2014) in the basin
(115% in Mako).
The decrease in the coefficient of dryness in the current dry period corresponds
essentially to an increase in the extension and width of the groundwater tables in
the basin. The 1994–2014 period, compared to the 1970–1993 period, is in surplus
for the duration of the dry period and for support volumes, and in deficit for the
coefficient of dryness.
4.2 Water Policy During Climate Change
4.2.1 Water Management Policy and Freshwater Security
Water policy as it relates to freshwater security is addressed in the sectoral water
policy of 2005. In response, programs and projects (National Water Partnership of
Senegal in 2002; PAGIRE in 2007) were implemented in close collaboration with
the responsible ministries to contribute to and protect the environment, including
water resources. We believe that these efforts represent a strong commitment of
the Government of Senegal to promote Integrated and Sustainable Water resource
management through:
• improving knowledge and means of water resource management;
• creating an environment conducive to the application of Integrated Water
Resources Management (IWRM) through legal, organizational and political
reforms;
• improving communication, information, education and awareness about water
resources, etc.
Table 4 lists laws regulating water use, pollution control and conservation as part of
natural resources management. They complement water policy objectives for water
resource management and development to enhance collaboration and cooperation
among key stakeholders in Senegal. Water resource management and water use in
Senegal are based on a combination of sectoral policy papers (urban and rural water
policies), laws, decrees, and ministerial and inter-ministerial orders, circulars and
codes on water, hygiene, environment, etc.).
Sectoral policy on water and sanitation was the dominant instrument for the implementation of the Millennium Drinking Water and Sanitation Program (PEPAM).
After 2015, extending the progress made by PEPAM, a coordination and monitoring
265
volumes. Over this period, the average support volume for aquifers is 6531 m
3 /year,
with a maximum of 16,454 m
3 /year (in 2012–2013) in Mako.
Table 3 indicates that starting from the 1994 break, the rise in flows corresponds to a real drop in the depletion coefficient, as shown by Kendall’s τ on the
order of −0.11 in Mako. This decrease in the coefficient resulted in an increase in the
volume of groundwater contribution to the general flow of the Gambia River Basin,
in turn resulting in a positive net Kendall τ of 0.50 (in Mako), part of a trend of
the increase in groundwater contribution in recent périod (1994–2014) in the basin
(115% in Mako).
The decrease in the coefficient of dryness in the current dry period corresponds
essentially to an increase in the extension and width of the groundwater tables in
the basin. The 1994–2014 period, compared to the 1970–1993 period, is in surplus
for the duration of the dry period and for support volumes, and in deficit for the
coefficient of dryness.
4.2 Water Policy During Climate Change
4.2.1 Water Management Policy and Freshwater Security
Water policy as it relates to freshwater security is addressed in the sectoral water
policy of 2005. In response, programs and projects (National Water Partnership of
Senegal in 2002; PAGIRE in 2007) were implemented in close collaboration with
the responsible ministries to contribute to and protect the environment, including
water resources. We believe that these efforts represent a strong commitment of
the Government of Senegal to promote Integrated and Sustainable Water resource
management through:
• improving knowledge and means of water resource management;
• creating an environment conducive to the application of Integrated Water
Resources Management (IWRM) through legal, organizational and political
reforms;
• improving communication, information, education and awareness about water
resources, etc.
Table 4 lists laws regulating water use, pollution control and conservation as part of
natural resources management. They complement water policy objectives for water
resource management and development to enhance collaboration and cooperation
among key stakeholders in Senegal. Water resource management and water use in
Senegal are based on a combination of sectoral policy papers (urban and rural water
policies), laws, decrees, and ministerial and inter-ministerial orders, circulars and
codes on water, hygiene, environment, etc.).
Sectoral policy on water and sanitation was the dominant instrument for the implementation of the Millennium Drinking Water and Sanitation Program (PEPAM).
After 2015, extending the progress made by PEPAM, a coordination and monitoring