420
A. Mishra
Shin K-S, Lee K-H, Lee HH, Choi D, Kim S-W (2010) Enhanced power conversion efficiency of
inverted organic solar cells with a ga-doped ZnO nanostructured thin film prepared using aqueous
solution. J Phys Chem C 114(37):15782–15785
Sims L, Hörmann U, Hanfland R, MacKenzie RCI, Kogler FR, Steim R, Brütting W, Schilinsky P
(2014) Investigation of the s-shape caused by the hole selective layer in bulk heterojunction solar
cells. Org Electron 15(11):2862–2867
Singh A, Dey A, Das D, Iyer PK (2016) Effect of dual cathode buffer layer on the charge carrier
dynamics of rrP3HT:PCBM based bulk heterojunction solar cell. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
8(17):10904–10910
Small CE, Chen S, Subbiah J, Amb CM, Tsang S-W, Lai T-H, Reynolds JR, So F (2012) Highefficiency inverted dithienogermole-thienopyrrolodione-based polymer solar cells. Nat Photon
6(2):115–120
Song CE, Ryu KY, Hong S-J, Bathula C, Lee SK, Shin WS, Lee J-C, Choi SK, Kim JH, Moon S-J
(2013) Enhanced performance in inverted polymer solar cells with D–π–A-type molecular dye
incorporated on ZnO buffer layer. Chemsuschem 6(8):1445–1454
Song C, Liu X, Li X, Wang Y-C, Wan L, Sun X, Zhang W, Fang J (2018) Perylene diimide-based
zwitterion as the cathode interlayer for high-performance nonfullerene polymer solar cells. ACS
Appl Mater Interfaces 10(17):14986–14992
Soultati A, Fakharuddin A, Polydorou E, Drivas C, Kaltzoglou A, Haider MI, Kournoutas F, Fakis
M, Palilis LC, Kennou S, Davazoglou D, Falaras P, Argitis P, Gardelis S, Kordatos A, Chroneos
AI, Schmidt-Mende L, Vasilopoulou M (2019) Lithium doping of ZnO for high efficiency and
stability fullerene and non-fullerene organic solar cells. ACS Appl Energy Mater 2(3):1663–1675
Steim R, Choulis SA, Schilinsky P, Brabec CJ (2008) Interface modification for highly efficient
organic photovoltaics. Appl Phys Lett 92(9):093303
Stubhan T, Oh H, Pinna L, Krantz J, Litzov I, Brabec CJ (2011) Inverted organic solar cells using
a solution processed aluminum-doped zinc oxide buffer layer. Org Electron 12(9):1539–1543
Stubhan T, Salinas M, Ebel A, Krebs FC, Hirsch A, Halik M, Brabec CJ (2012) Increasing the fill
factor of inverted P3HT:PCBM solar cells through surface modification of Al-doped ZnO via
phosphonic acid-anchored C 60 SAMs. Adv Energy Mater 2(5):532–535
Stubhan T, Litzov I, Li N, Salinas M, Steidl M, Sauer G, Forberich K, Matt GJ, Halik M, Brabec CJ
(2013) Overcoming interface losses in organic solar cells by applying low temperature, solution
processed aluminum-doped zinc oxide electron extraction layers. J Mater Chem A 1:6004–6009
Subbiah J, Amb CM, Irfan I, Gao Y, Reynolds JR, So F (2012) High-efficiency inverted polymer
solar cells with double interlayer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4(2):866–870
Subbiah J, Purushothaman B, Chen M, Qin T, Gao M, Vak D, Scholes FH, Chen X, Watkins SE,
Wilson GJ, Holmes AB, Wong WWH, Jones DJ (2015) Organic solar cells using a high-molecularweight benzodithiophene–benzothiadiazole copolymer with an efficiency of 9.4%. Adv Mater
27(4):702–705
Suemori K, Miyata T, Yokoyama M, Hiramoto M (2005) Three-layered organic solar cells incorporating a nanostructure-optimized phthalocyanine: fullerene codeposited interlayer. Appl Phys
Lett 86(6):063509–063503
Sun Y, Seo JH, Takacs CJ, Seifter J, Heeger AJ (2011) Inverted polymer solar cells integrated with
a low-temperature-annealed sol-gel-derived ZnO film as an electron transport layer. Adv Mater
23(14):1679–1683
Sun K, Zhao B, Murugesan V, Kumar A, Zeng K, Subbiah J, Wong WWH, Jones DJ, Ouyang J
(2012) High-performance polymer solar cells with a conjugated zwitterion by solution processing
or thermal deposition as the electron-collection interlayer. J Mater Chem 22:24155–24165
Sun C, Wu Z, Hu Z, Xiao J, Zhao W, Li H-W, Li Q-Y, Tsang S-W, Xu Y-X, Zhang K, Yip H-L,
Hou J, Huang F, Cao Y (2017) Interface design for high-efficiency non-fullerene polymer solar
cells. Energy Environ Sci 10(8):1784–1791
Takanezawa K, Hirota K, Wei Q-S, Tajima K, Hashimoto K (2007) Efficient charge collection with
ZnO nanorod array in hybrid photovoltaic devices. J Phys Chem C 111(19):7218–7223
A. Mishra
Shin K-S, Lee K-H, Lee HH, Choi D, Kim S-W (2010) Enhanced power conversion efficiency of
inverted organic solar cells with a ga-doped ZnO nanostructured thin film prepared using aqueous
solution. J Phys Chem C 114(37):15782–15785
Sims L, Hörmann U, Hanfland R, MacKenzie RCI, Kogler FR, Steim R, Brütting W, Schilinsky P
(2014) Investigation of the s-shape caused by the hole selective layer in bulk heterojunction solar
cells. Org Electron 15(11):2862–2867
Singh A, Dey A, Das D, Iyer PK (2016) Effect of dual cathode buffer layer on the charge carrier
dynamics of rrP3HT:PCBM based bulk heterojunction solar cell. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
8(17):10904–10910
Small CE, Chen S, Subbiah J, Amb CM, Tsang S-W, Lai T-H, Reynolds JR, So F (2012) Highefficiency inverted dithienogermole-thienopyrrolodione-based polymer solar cells. Nat Photon
6(2):115–120
Song CE, Ryu KY, Hong S-J, Bathula C, Lee SK, Shin WS, Lee J-C, Choi SK, Kim JH, Moon S-J
(2013) Enhanced performance in inverted polymer solar cells with D–π–A-type molecular dye
incorporated on ZnO buffer layer. Chemsuschem 6(8):1445–1454
Song C, Liu X, Li X, Wang Y-C, Wan L, Sun X, Zhang W, Fang J (2018) Perylene diimide-based
zwitterion as the cathode interlayer for high-performance nonfullerene polymer solar cells. ACS
Appl Mater Interfaces 10(17):14986–14992
Soultati A, Fakharuddin A, Polydorou E, Drivas C, Kaltzoglou A, Haider MI, Kournoutas F, Fakis
M, Palilis LC, Kennou S, Davazoglou D, Falaras P, Argitis P, Gardelis S, Kordatos A, Chroneos
AI, Schmidt-Mende L, Vasilopoulou M (2019) Lithium doping of ZnO for high efficiency and
stability fullerene and non-fullerene organic solar cells. ACS Appl Energy Mater 2(3):1663–1675
Steim R, Choulis SA, Schilinsky P, Brabec CJ (2008) Interface modification for highly efficient
organic photovoltaics. Appl Phys Lett 92(9):093303
Stubhan T, Oh H, Pinna L, Krantz J, Litzov I, Brabec CJ (2011) Inverted organic solar cells using
a solution processed aluminum-doped zinc oxide buffer layer. Org Electron 12(9):1539–1543
Stubhan T, Salinas M, Ebel A, Krebs FC, Hirsch A, Halik M, Brabec CJ (2012) Increasing the fill
factor of inverted P3HT:PCBM solar cells through surface modification of Al-doped ZnO via
phosphonic acid-anchored C 60 SAMs. Adv Energy Mater 2(5):532–535
Stubhan T, Litzov I, Li N, Salinas M, Steidl M, Sauer G, Forberich K, Matt GJ, Halik M, Brabec CJ
(2013) Overcoming interface losses in organic solar cells by applying low temperature, solution
processed aluminum-doped zinc oxide electron extraction layers. J Mater Chem A 1:6004–6009
Subbiah J, Amb CM, Irfan I, Gao Y, Reynolds JR, So F (2012) High-efficiency inverted polymer
solar cells with double interlayer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4(2):866–870
Subbiah J, Purushothaman B, Chen M, Qin T, Gao M, Vak D, Scholes FH, Chen X, Watkins SE,
Wilson GJ, Holmes AB, Wong WWH, Jones DJ (2015) Organic solar cells using a high-molecularweight benzodithiophene–benzothiadiazole copolymer with an efficiency of 9.4%. Adv Mater
27(4):702–705
Suemori K, Miyata T, Yokoyama M, Hiramoto M (2005) Three-layered organic solar cells incorporating a nanostructure-optimized phthalocyanine: fullerene codeposited interlayer. Appl Phys
Lett 86(6):063509–063503
Sun Y, Seo JH, Takacs CJ, Seifter J, Heeger AJ (2011) Inverted polymer solar cells integrated with
a low-temperature-annealed sol-gel-derived ZnO film as an electron transport layer. Adv Mater
23(14):1679–1683
Sun K, Zhao B, Murugesan V, Kumar A, Zeng K, Subbiah J, Wong WWH, Jones DJ, Ouyang J
(2012) High-performance polymer solar cells with a conjugated zwitterion by solution processing
or thermal deposition as the electron-collection interlayer. J Mater Chem 22:24155–24165
Sun C, Wu Z, Hu Z, Xiao J, Zhao W, Li H-W, Li Q-Y, Tsang S-W, Xu Y-X, Zhang K, Yip H-L,
Hou J, Huang F, Cao Y (2017) Interface design for high-efficiency non-fullerene polymer solar
cells. Energy Environ Sci 10(8):1784–1791
Takanezawa K, Hirota K, Wei Q-S, Tajima K, Hashimoto K (2007) Efficient charge collection with
ZnO nanorod array in hybrid photovoltaic devices. J Phys Chem C 111(19):7218–7223