• Hauling distances to disposal sites, and
• Collection frequency.
The collection frequency is influenced by several factors such as
(1) the characteristics and quantities of the wastes,
(2) the climate and its effect on waste,
(3) the types of storage available, and
(4) the authorities’ degree of involvement.
Collection often varies between one to seven days per week, depending on the
budget, urgency of collection, etc. In several areas, collection is even carried out at
night, if possible after closure of business, to avoid proliferations of pests and
rodents and/or to present a clean landscape early next morning.
Discharging municipal solid waste (MSW) into a landfill is also dependent on:
• Government objectives, targets and policies;
• Local environmental conditions;
• Nature of the wastes and potential reactions, and
• Feasibility of the treatment process (technical, financial, economical, etc.)
In practice, however, land availability for a landfill may be scarce, particularly if
no proper infrastructural planning has been carried previously. Local residents or
politicians who might be affected are important and, sometimes strong, stakeholders
when a new landfill site is being identified. Common terms, such as NIMBY (Not In
My Back Yard), NIMET (Not In My Election Term) or NIMTOO (Not In My Term Of
Office) are often used by them. This, sometimes vociferous, opposition often results
in the new landfill projects being thwarted.
However, one way of attenuating the NIMBY or NIMET/NIMTOO opposition is
to reduce the design capacity (size) of the disposal facility. This, of course, requires
an adequate treatment and processing at a suitable transfer station so that there are
minimal wastes transferred to the landfill.
A radical mindset change may be obtained by planners (Carpintero 2015) shifting
from the basic question
How do we get rid of our waste efficiently with minimum damage to public health and the
environment?
to the more appropriate
How do we handle our discarded resources in ways which do not deprive future generations
of some, if not all, of their value?
There are so many technologies available for the treatment and disposal of solid
waste that there are multiple ways to formulate an integrated solid waste management (ISWM) system.
1.2 Examples of Infrastructure
25
• Collection frequency.
The collection frequency is influenced by several factors such as
(1) the characteristics and quantities of the wastes,
(2) the climate and its effect on waste,
(3) the types of storage available, and
(4) the authorities’ degree of involvement.
Collection often varies between one to seven days per week, depending on the
budget, urgency of collection, etc. In several areas, collection is even carried out at
night, if possible after closure of business, to avoid proliferations of pests and
rodents and/or to present a clean landscape early next morning.
Discharging municipal solid waste (MSW) into a landfill is also dependent on:
• Government objectives, targets and policies;
• Local environmental conditions;
• Nature of the wastes and potential reactions, and
• Feasibility of the treatment process (technical, financial, economical, etc.)
In practice, however, land availability for a landfill may be scarce, particularly if
no proper infrastructural planning has been carried previously. Local residents or
politicians who might be affected are important and, sometimes strong, stakeholders
when a new landfill site is being identified. Common terms, such as NIMBY (Not In
My Back Yard), NIMET (Not In My Election Term) or NIMTOO (Not In My Term Of
Office) are often used by them. This, sometimes vociferous, opposition often results
in the new landfill projects being thwarted.
However, one way of attenuating the NIMBY or NIMET/NIMTOO opposition is
to reduce the design capacity (size) of the disposal facility. This, of course, requires
an adequate treatment and processing at a suitable transfer station so that there are
minimal wastes transferred to the landfill.
A radical mindset change may be obtained by planners (Carpintero 2015) shifting
from the basic question
How do we get rid of our waste efficiently with minimum damage to public health and the
environment?
to the more appropriate
How do we handle our discarded resources in ways which do not deprive future generations
of some, if not all, of their value?
There are so many technologies available for the treatment and disposal of solid
waste that there are multiple ways to formulate an integrated solid waste management (ISWM) system.
1.2 Examples of Infrastructure
25