(1) the plans emerging from this process are compatible internally,
(2) sufficiently complete and accurate data have been used to elaborate the plans,
(3) the correct implicit and explicit assumptions have been made in the plans,
(4) the targets represent the social needs or goals of the decision makers.
Optimization planning refines the target planning approach. Both approaches
require knowing, in the first place, the preferences and aims of the decision maker.
This planning approach assumes that these preferences and aims are written as
objectives instead of targets and thus, planners try to obtain optimal solutions
given the available resources, rather than just to satisfy targets. Among all feasible
plans available, there should be one which satisfies all feasibility constraints. This is
the optimal plan.
The compromise planning approach, though, imperfect, is also more realistic. It
does not need a prior knowledge of the targets or the relative weights for each
objective. Therefore, this planning approach lays emphasis on generating feasible
plans and on getting the responsible decision maker actively involved in the selection of the best feasible plan or compromise. This planning philosophy recognizes
that, once alternative plans have been defined, it is the responsibility of the political
decision maker to analyze and assess all the quantitative and qualitative parameters
that should be analyzed and evaluated in the process of selecting the best plan.
14.4 Infrastructure Planning Objectives
A distinction is often made between planning for multiple purposes and multiple
objectives. A basin plan for navigation and flood control which is evaluated on the
basis of a benefit-cost ratio would have two purposes but only one objective -
national economic development. Navigation and flood-control benefits and costs are
considered as contributory to this single objective. Such distinctions are necessary to
obtain benefit-cost ratios.
The new emphasis in multiobjective infrastructure planning signals a shift in
methods of evaluating plans and comparing objectives. New objectives, particularly
those relating to environmental quality, are to be considered and objectives will not
be compared solely on the basis of monetary benefits and costs.
14.4.1 Principles for Infrastructure Planning
Figure 14.1 explains the Plan Formulation procedures.
Two national infrastructure planning objectives are usually addressed:
1. National Economic Development (NED) which aims to improve national economic development through an increase in the national output of goods and
services and enhance national economic efficiency.
14.4 Infrastructure Planning Objectives
387
(2) sufficiently complete and accurate data have been used to elaborate the plans,
(3) the correct implicit and explicit assumptions have been made in the plans,
(4) the targets represent the social needs or goals of the decision makers.
Optimization planning refines the target planning approach. Both approaches
require knowing, in the first place, the preferences and aims of the decision maker.
This planning approach assumes that these preferences and aims are written as
objectives instead of targets and thus, planners try to obtain optimal solutions
given the available resources, rather than just to satisfy targets. Among all feasible
plans available, there should be one which satisfies all feasibility constraints. This is
the optimal plan.
The compromise planning approach, though, imperfect, is also more realistic. It
does not need a prior knowledge of the targets or the relative weights for each
objective. Therefore, this planning approach lays emphasis on generating feasible
plans and on getting the responsible decision maker actively involved in the selection of the best feasible plan or compromise. This planning philosophy recognizes
that, once alternative plans have been defined, it is the responsibility of the political
decision maker to analyze and assess all the quantitative and qualitative parameters
that should be analyzed and evaluated in the process of selecting the best plan.
14.4 Infrastructure Planning Objectives
A distinction is often made between planning for multiple purposes and multiple
objectives. A basin plan for navigation and flood control which is evaluated on the
basis of a benefit-cost ratio would have two purposes but only one objective -
national economic development. Navigation and flood-control benefits and costs are
considered as contributory to this single objective. Such distinctions are necessary to
obtain benefit-cost ratios.
The new emphasis in multiobjective infrastructure planning signals a shift in
methods of evaluating plans and comparing objectives. New objectives, particularly
those relating to environmental quality, are to be considered and objectives will not
be compared solely on the basis of monetary benefits and costs.
14.4.1 Principles for Infrastructure Planning
Figure 14.1 explains the Plan Formulation procedures.
Two national infrastructure planning objectives are usually addressed:
1. National Economic Development (NED) which aims to improve national economic development through an increase in the national output of goods and
services and enhance national economic efficiency.
14.4 Infrastructure Planning Objectives
387