times. It may be noted that the time scale before and after T o is not indicated at this
present stage, and will be defined hereunder.
Assessing the requirements, followed by infrastructure capacity implementation,
are just two of numerous steps which take time. It is therefore easy to introduce a
significant time lag between the identification of the requirements and meeting them.
In that case, a cat-chasing-tail experience can follow – indefinitely, if not during a
long period, which is often experienced in many sectors (roads, water, etc).
As is well known, there is a continuous interaction between infrastructure parameters. Thus, though the trend equations will give the forecast values for water and
waste water, there is, nevertheless, a close link between them: the development in the
two sectors needs to be synchronised.
5.3 Basic Activities Required
In order to carry out infrastructure capacity implementation before it becomes due, it
is desirable to examine all the activities required. These are broadly as follows:
• Determine the infrastructure (water) demand or requirements
• Determine the present infrastructure assets or resources (water availability)
• Carry out a preliminary cross-matching of availability and demand
• Formulate possible project alternatives or schemes
• Estimate costs for different project alternatives or schemes
• Formulate a Draft Master Plan for circulation
• Market the Master Plan with government officials and other stakeholders to
obtain their approval (in principle, at least)
• Carry out feasibility studies for different project alternatives or schemes (see also
Chap. 14)
• Seek funds for construction
• Select final project alternative
• Implementation of proposed schemes
Infrastructure requirements include demand plus any losses.
5.3.1 Assess the Infrastructure (Water) Requirements
It is, of course, necessary to assess the water requirements. Present uses can be
surveyed, both for quality and quantity, but possible future uses must also be
imagined. The next question is the forecasting period. It may be argued why a
forecasting period of 50 years or so should be considered here. In many cases,
population estimates are made for 20 years, and their accuracy is doubtful. However,
in the author’s experience, several arguments justify a long term view beyond a
20 year period:
138
5 The Long Term Plan for Infrastructure
present stage, and will be defined hereunder.
Assessing the requirements, followed by infrastructure capacity implementation,
are just two of numerous steps which take time. It is therefore easy to introduce a
significant time lag between the identification of the requirements and meeting them.
In that case, a cat-chasing-tail experience can follow – indefinitely, if not during a
long period, which is often experienced in many sectors (roads, water, etc).
As is well known, there is a continuous interaction between infrastructure parameters. Thus, though the trend equations will give the forecast values for water and
waste water, there is, nevertheless, a close link between them: the development in the
two sectors needs to be synchronised.
5.3 Basic Activities Required
In order to carry out infrastructure capacity implementation before it becomes due, it
is desirable to examine all the activities required. These are broadly as follows:
• Determine the infrastructure (water) demand or requirements
• Determine the present infrastructure assets or resources (water availability)
• Carry out a preliminary cross-matching of availability and demand
• Formulate possible project alternatives or schemes
• Estimate costs for different project alternatives or schemes
• Formulate a Draft Master Plan for circulation
• Market the Master Plan with government officials and other stakeholders to
obtain their approval (in principle, at least)
• Carry out feasibility studies for different project alternatives or schemes (see also
Chap. 14)
• Seek funds for construction
• Select final project alternative
• Implementation of proposed schemes
Infrastructure requirements include demand plus any losses.
5.3.1 Assess the Infrastructure (Water) Requirements
It is, of course, necessary to assess the water requirements. Present uses can be
surveyed, both for quality and quantity, but possible future uses must also be
imagined. The next question is the forecasting period. It may be argued why a
forecasting period of 50 years or so should be considered here. In many cases,
population estimates are made for 20 years, and their accuracy is doubtful. However,
in the author’s experience, several arguments justify a long term view beyond a
20 year period:
138
5 The Long Term Plan for Infrastructure