Noise (cont.)
amplitudes, 20, 22, 31, 35, 50, 64, 65, 76,
93, 135, 136, 150, 160, 203, 233, 235,
238, 240–243, 245, 251, 255, 257, 268,
274, 279–283, 308, 311, 313, 320–324,
327, 346–348, 351, 358, 359, 407,
439–449, 455, 462, 507–509
lasers, 15, 16, 20–22, 24, 27–31, 34, 37, 39,
41, 43, 44, 47, 58, 60, 61, 63–67, 73–76,
84–87, 89, 93, 98, 129, 133–136, 150,
153, 160, 203, 233–235, 237–243, 245,
250–258, 261, 266, 271, 273, 274,
279–283, 294, 308, 309, 313, 318, 321,
324–325, 327, 328, 330–334, 336, 338,
339, 341, 342, 344–365, 369–374, 394,
407, 408, 439, 441, 443, 445, 446, 448,
449, 454, 456, 457, 459–462, 493, 494,
507–510
phases, 15, 16, 20–22, 24, 27, 29–31, 34,
37, 39, 41, 43, 44, 48, 50, 51, 55, 57, 58,
60, 61, 63–67, 73–76, 84, 86, 89, 93, 98,
129, 134–136, 150, 153, 160, 290–294,
308, 311, 313, 314, 320–334, 336,
338–365, 367, 369–374, 394, 396,
406–408, 439–449, 454–457, 459–462,
466, 488, 490, 491, 493, 494, 500,
507–511
photodetector, 28, 64
suppression, 20, 27, 31, 33, 64–66, 75, 76,
84, 86, 87, 98, 129, 130, 251, 256–258,
266, 279–281, 283, 293, 320–329, 333,
336, 338–341, 347, 348, 357, 359, 367,
369, 374, 454, 461, 508–511
Nonlinear
amplifiers, 17, 23, 24, 80, 112–114, 120,
212, 215, 219, 228, 254, 258, 264, 281,
286, 309, 310, 315, 317, 411, 413, 482
equations, 24, 75, 114, 119, 120, 133, 134,
137, 140, 154, 155, 167, 181, 190,
192–194, 197, 198, 208, 210, 212, 215,
218, 222, 231, 238, 244, 245, 252, 254,
264, 280, 350, 416, 508
functions, 35, 37, 75, 113, 120, 125, 130,
135, 155, 156, 166–168, 172, 174, 181,
189, 190, 192–194, 198, 206, 210, 212,
213, 219, 221, 222, 225, 244, 245, 252,
303, 310, 324, 348, 350, 353, 413, 422,
437, 469, 471, 482, 510
Nonlinearities, 16, 35–36, 86, 101, 109, 113,
120, 124–128, 130, 133, 140, 141, 147,
155, 160–168, 171, 174–177, 179, 180,
183–188, 190, 193–196, 198–200, 209,
210, 212, 213, 219, 222, 228, 230, 231,
237, 246, 248, 263, 264, 279, 281, 333,
346, 350, 357, 395, 397, 471
Normalized coefficients, 162, 163
O
Optical
amplifiers, 19, 20, 24, 25, 28, 32, 34, 35, 37,
44, 47, 61, 63, 64, 67, 74, 77–80, 85, 92,
93, 108–109, 114–116, 118, 129, 133,
136, 138, 153, 204–206, 210, 215, 218,
221, 231, 236, 250, 256, 264, 280–282,
287, 313, 333, 345, 350, 392, 393, 420,
429, 433, 446, 453–455, 475, 479, 480,
482, 483, 487, 488, 493, 495–497, 504,
509
carriers, 16, 21, 22, 30, 31, 33, 34, 44, 48,
60, 61, 63, 64, 66, 73, 75, 76, 88, 89,
96–99, 101, 105–107, 129, 130, 153,
155, 176, 179, 180, 198, 204, 206, 227,
228, 239, 240, 243, 246, 251, 252, 267,
271, 280, 282, 287, 297, 311, 315, 342,
347, 356, 358, 362, 364, 369, 391–394,
396, 398, 405, 406, 408, 440, 441, 443,
445, 447, 449, 454, 459, 461, 462, 483,
500, 504, 508–511
channels, 17, 20, 21, 26, 31, 33, 34, 42, 44,
47, 65, 73, 75, 78, 82, 92, 98, 102,
104–108, 113–115, 117, 124, 129,
153–154, 178, 193, 231, 239–241, 247,
263–265, 267, 268, 270, 277, 288–301,
303, 305–308, 313, 329, 333–338,
340–342, 345, 361–365, 369, 370,
372–391, 413, 420, 421, 424, 427, 438,
454–457, 461, 480, 495, 500, 505, 509,
510
fiber lengths, 30, 36, 54, 55, 66, 87, 129,
256, 279, 338, 339, 361–363, 426, 428,
476, 477, 484, 485, 487, 488, 504, 506
fibers, 16, 17, 19–21, 25–27, 30–32, 35–37,
39–48, 53–55, 63, 65–67, 73–75, 77–80,
86, 87, 92, 93, 95, 102, 108, 112,
114–130, 133, 136, 204, 205, 208, 210,
216, 219, 227, 231, 236, 250, 256, 257,
265, 271, 273, 279, 280, 283, 291, 294,
306–309, 313, 315–317, 320, 327–329,
332, 334, 338, 342, 343, 346, 347,
349–355, 357, 359, 360, 362, 364–366,
369, 372, 373, 392, 395, 400, 401, 403,
405, 409–439, 441, 445, 448, 449,
451–455, 457, 459, 462, 468, 473,
475–480, 482–487, 490, 495, 496, 498,
504, 505, 509–511
518
Index
amplitudes, 20, 22, 31, 35, 50, 64, 65, 76,
93, 135, 136, 150, 160, 203, 233, 235,
238, 240–243, 245, 251, 255, 257, 268,
274, 279–283, 308, 311, 313, 320–324,
327, 346–348, 351, 358, 359, 407,
439–449, 455, 462, 507–509
lasers, 15, 16, 20–22, 24, 27–31, 34, 37, 39,
41, 43, 44, 47, 58, 60, 61, 63–67, 73–76,
84–87, 89, 93, 98, 129, 133–136, 150,
153, 160, 203, 233–235, 237–243, 245,
250–258, 261, 266, 271, 273, 274,
279–283, 294, 308, 309, 313, 318, 321,
324–325, 327, 328, 330–334, 336, 338,
339, 341, 342, 344–365, 369–374, 394,
407, 408, 439, 441, 443, 445, 446, 448,
449, 454, 456, 457, 459–462, 493, 494,
507–510
phases, 15, 16, 20–22, 24, 27, 29–31, 34,
37, 39, 41, 43, 44, 48, 50, 51, 55, 57, 58,
60, 61, 63–67, 73–76, 84, 86, 89, 93, 98,
129, 134–136, 150, 153, 160, 290–294,
308, 311, 313, 314, 320–334, 336,
338–365, 367, 369–374, 394, 396,
406–408, 439–449, 454–457, 459–462,
466, 488, 490, 491, 493, 494, 500,
507–511
photodetector, 28, 64
suppression, 20, 27, 31, 33, 64–66, 75, 76,
84, 86, 87, 98, 129, 130, 251, 256–258,
266, 279–281, 283, 293, 320–329, 333,
336, 338–341, 347, 348, 357, 359, 367,
369, 374, 454, 461, 508–511
Nonlinear
amplifiers, 17, 23, 24, 80, 112–114, 120,
212, 215, 219, 228, 254, 258, 264, 281,
286, 309, 310, 315, 317, 411, 413, 482
equations, 24, 75, 114, 119, 120, 133, 134,
137, 140, 154, 155, 167, 181, 190,
192–194, 197, 198, 208, 210, 212, 215,
218, 222, 231, 238, 244, 245, 252, 254,
264, 280, 350, 416, 508
functions, 35, 37, 75, 113, 120, 125, 130,
135, 155, 156, 166–168, 172, 174, 181,
189, 190, 192–194, 198, 206, 210, 212,
213, 219, 221, 222, 225, 244, 245, 252,
303, 310, 324, 348, 350, 353, 413, 422,
437, 469, 471, 482, 510
Nonlinearities, 16, 35–36, 86, 101, 109, 113,
120, 124–128, 130, 133, 140, 141, 147,
155, 160–168, 171, 174–177, 179, 180,
183–188, 190, 193–196, 198–200, 209,
210, 212, 213, 219, 222, 228, 230, 231,
237, 246, 248, 263, 264, 279, 281, 333,
346, 350, 357, 395, 397, 471
Normalized coefficients, 162, 163
O
Optical
amplifiers, 19, 20, 24, 25, 28, 32, 34, 35, 37,
44, 47, 61, 63, 64, 67, 74, 77–80, 85, 92,
93, 108–109, 114–116, 118, 129, 133,
136, 138, 153, 204–206, 210, 215, 218,
221, 231, 236, 250, 256, 264, 280–282,
287, 313, 333, 345, 350, 392, 393, 420,
429, 433, 446, 453–455, 475, 479, 480,
482, 483, 487, 488, 493, 495–497, 504,
509
carriers, 16, 21, 22, 30, 31, 33, 34, 44, 48,
60, 61, 63, 64, 66, 73, 75, 76, 88, 89,
96–99, 101, 105–107, 129, 130, 153,
155, 176, 179, 180, 198, 204, 206, 227,
228, 239, 240, 243, 246, 251, 252, 267,
271, 280, 282, 287, 297, 311, 315, 342,
347, 356, 358, 362, 364, 369, 391–394,
396, 398, 405, 406, 408, 440, 441, 443,
445, 447, 449, 454, 459, 461, 462, 483,
500, 504, 508–511
channels, 17, 20, 21, 26, 31, 33, 34, 42, 44,
47, 65, 73, 75, 78, 82, 92, 98, 102,
104–108, 113–115, 117, 124, 129,
153–154, 178, 193, 231, 239–241, 247,
263–265, 267, 268, 270, 277, 288–301,
303, 305–308, 313, 329, 333–338,
340–342, 345, 361–365, 369, 370,
372–391, 413, 420, 421, 424, 427, 438,
454–457, 461, 480, 495, 500, 505, 509,
510
fiber lengths, 30, 36, 54, 55, 66, 87, 129,
256, 279, 338, 339, 361–363, 426, 428,
476, 477, 484, 485, 487, 488, 504, 506
fibers, 16, 17, 19–21, 25–27, 30–32, 35–37,
39–48, 53–55, 63, 65–67, 73–75, 77–80,
86, 87, 92, 93, 95, 102, 108, 112,
114–130, 133, 136, 204, 205, 208, 210,
216, 219, 227, 231, 236, 250, 256, 257,
265, 271, 273, 279, 280, 283, 291, 294,
306–309, 313, 315–317, 320, 327–329,
332, 334, 338, 342, 343, 346, 347,
349–355, 357, 359, 360, 362, 364–366,
369, 372, 373, 392, 395, 400, 401, 403,
405, 409–439, 441, 445, 448, 449,
451–455, 457, 459, 462, 468, 473,
475–480, 482–487, 490, 495, 496, 498,
504, 505, 509–511
518
Index