Investigations of the Russian “quantum” team in National Research University
“Moscow Power Engineering Institute” (MPEI) consisting of Y.B. Il’in,
V.N. Konstantinov, and A.A. Bortsov seems to us as pioneering investigations
with new theoretical and experimental researches, which were performed in
1981–1993 under supervision of professor V.V. Grigoriants (MPEI and Institute
of Radio Engineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences) [44–46].
In these publications, OEO with FODL was studied and it was called the “laser
oscillator with FODL.”
An analysis of optoelectronic oscillator was performed by the last team under
assumption of small excitation, and the ordinary differential equations were obtained
for the autonomous OEO with the single optical fiber in FODL, and main concepts of
OEO structure were formulated as the stabilized oscillator based of the lengthy
optical fiber. One of the principal new statements of this Russian quantum team
(and relevant for today) was the proved condition that the low-noise OEO can
operate without the RF amplifier. This quantum team with direct participation of
this book authors was firstly fulfilled theoretical and experimental investigations of
OEO and published results in [52–58] about utilization of differential FODLs and
recirculation (non-recursive and recursive) FODLs. New methods of the OEO
frequency control were performed, and it was proved that FODL application leads
to reduction of the short-term and long-term OEO frequency instability.
At modern stage, the intensive researches are performed in various countries on
development of the ultracompact low-noise oscillator based on OEO with FODL
dedicated for the onboard application in compact UMFVs and other systems of
information transmission. Creation on ultralow-noise microwave and mm-wave
oscillators on the OEO base in various areas of engineering, in warfare systems,
and in special military systems persistently requires answers to many questions. First
of all, the following questions can be concerned to them:
• How much the laser phase noise should be in low-noise OEO?
• How can we choose the spectral line width and QWLD power?
• How much the RF filter optimal bandwidth should be?
• Which interaction should be between laser optical phase noises and RF phase
noises in OEO?
• Which methods of frequency control must be applied in OEO with FODL?
• How does a temperature of the FODL optical fiber influence on oscillation
frequency offsets in OEO?
• How much the geometrical length of the optical fiber should be, and many other
different questions.
At present, the known theoretical publications cannot answer to questions
concerning OEO because in these publications, authors were limited by the OEO
model analysis in the form of the circular oscillating system with delay chain
(without an account of dispersion) in the positive feedback loop, which role, within
the limits of this model, is played by FODL. A laser in this model was not considered
as the independent optical oscillations’ source with its own amplitude and phase
noises, but it was represented as a linear ideal passive element.
1 Introduction
5
“Moscow Power Engineering Institute” (MPEI) consisting of Y.B. Il’in,
V.N. Konstantinov, and A.A. Bortsov seems to us as pioneering investigations
with new theoretical and experimental researches, which were performed in
1981–1993 under supervision of professor V.V. Grigoriants (MPEI and Institute
of Radio Engineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences) [44–46].
In these publications, OEO with FODL was studied and it was called the “laser
oscillator with FODL.”
An analysis of optoelectronic oscillator was performed by the last team under
assumption of small excitation, and the ordinary differential equations were obtained
for the autonomous OEO with the single optical fiber in FODL, and main concepts of
OEO structure were formulated as the stabilized oscillator based of the lengthy
optical fiber. One of the principal new statements of this Russian quantum team
(and relevant for today) was the proved condition that the low-noise OEO can
operate without the RF amplifier. This quantum team with direct participation of
this book authors was firstly fulfilled theoretical and experimental investigations of
OEO and published results in [52–58] about utilization of differential FODLs and
recirculation (non-recursive and recursive) FODLs. New methods of the OEO
frequency control were performed, and it was proved that FODL application leads
to reduction of the short-term and long-term OEO frequency instability.
At modern stage, the intensive researches are performed in various countries on
development of the ultracompact low-noise oscillator based on OEO with FODL
dedicated for the onboard application in compact UMFVs and other systems of
information transmission. Creation on ultralow-noise microwave and mm-wave
oscillators on the OEO base in various areas of engineering, in warfare systems,
and in special military systems persistently requires answers to many questions. First
of all, the following questions can be concerned to them:
• How much the laser phase noise should be in low-noise OEO?
• How can we choose the spectral line width and QWLD power?
• How much the RF filter optimal bandwidth should be?
• Which interaction should be between laser optical phase noises and RF phase
noises in OEO?
• Which methods of frequency control must be applied in OEO with FODL?
• How does a temperature of the FODL optical fiber influence on oscillation
frequency offsets in OEO?
• How much the geometrical length of the optical fiber should be, and many other
different questions.
At present, the known theoretical publications cannot answer to questions
concerning OEO because in these publications, authors were limited by the OEO
model analysis in the form of the circular oscillating system with delay chain
(without an account of dispersion) in the positive feedback loop, which role, within
the limits of this model, is played by FODL. A laser in this model was not considered
as the independent optical oscillations’ source with its own amplitude and phase
noises, but it was represented as a linear ideal passive element.
1 Introduction
5