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24. M. Nagasaka, H. Yuzawa, N. Kosugi, Development and application of in situ/operando soft
X-ray transmission cells to aqueous solutions and catalytic and electrochemical reactions. J.
Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 200, 293–310 (2015)
25. T. Balasubramanian, J.N. Andersen, L. Wallden, Surface-bulk core-level splitting in graphite.
Phys. Rev. B 64, 205420 (2001)
26. C.J. Nelin, F. Uhl, V. Staemmler, P.S. Bagus, Y. Fujimori, M. Sterrer, H. Kuhlenbeck, H.-J.
Freund, Surface core-level binding energy shifts for MgO (100). Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
16(40), 21953–21956 (2014)
27. D. Wallin, I. Shorubalko, H. Xu, A. Cappy, Nonlinear electrical properties of three-terminal
junctions. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89(9), 092124 (2006)
28. S. Hajati, S. Coultas, C. Blomfield, S. Tougaard, XPS imaging of depth profiles and amount of
substance based on Tougaard’s algorithm. Surf. Sci. 600(15), 3015–3021 (2006)
29. M.P. Seah, I.S. Gilmore, S.J. Spencer, Background subtraction -II. General behaviour of REELS
and the Tougaard universal cross section in the removal of backgrounds in AES and XPS. Surf.
Sci. 461(1–3), 1–15 (2000)
30. X.B. Zhou, J.L. Erskine, Surface core-level shifts at vicinal tungsten surfaces. Phys. Rev. B
79(15), 155422 (2009)