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6. L. Zhang, C. Yao, Y. Yu, S.-L. Jiang, C.Q. Sun, J. Chen, Stabilization of the dual-aromatic
cyclo-N 5− anion by acidic entrapment. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 10, 2378–2385 (2019)
7. C.Q. Sun, Unprecedented O:⇔: O compression and H↔H fragilization in Lewis solutions
(perspective). Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 21, 2234–2250 (2019)
8. C.Q. Sun, Solvation dynamics: a notion of charge injection. Springer Ser. Chem. Phys. 121,
316 (2019)
9. M.A. Omar, Elementary Solid State Physics: Principles and Applications (Addison-Wesley,
New York, 1993)
10. R. Egerton, P. Li, M. Malac, Radiation damage in the TEM and SEM. Micron 35(6), 399–409
(2004)
11. C.-Y. Lin, H.W. Shiu, L.Y. Chang, C.-H. Chen, C.-S. Chang, F.S.-S. Chien, Core-level shift of
graphene with number of layers studied by microphotoelectron spectroscopy and electrostatic
force microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. C 118(43), 24898–24904 (2014)
12. C.Q. Sun, Size dependence of nanostructures: Impact of bond order deficiency. Prog. Solid
State Chem. 35(1), 1–159 (2007)
13. X.J. Liu, M.L. Bo, X. Zhang, L. Li, Y.G. Nie, H. Tian, Y. Sun, S. Xu, Y. Wang, W. Zheng, C.Q.
Sun, Coordination-resolved electron spectrometrics. Chem. Rev. 115(14), 6746–6810 (2015)
14. C.Q. Sun, Thermo-mechanical behavior of low-dimensional systems: the local bond average
approach. Prog. Mater Sci. 54(2), 179–307 (2009)
15. C.Q. Sun, Dominance of broken bonds and nonbonding electrons at the nanoscale. Nanoscale
2(10), 1930–1961 (2010)
16. W.T. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, Underneath the fascinations of carbon nanotubes and graphene
nanoribbons. Energy Environ. Sci. 4(3), 627–655 (2011)
17. C.Q. Sun, Surface and nanosolid core-level shift: impact of atomic coordination-number
imperfection. Phys. Rev. B 69(4), 045105 (2004)
18. E. Abrahams, P.W. Anderson, D.C. Licciardello, T.V. Ramakrishnan, scaling theory of localization: absence of quantum diffusion in two dimensions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 42(10), 673–676
(1979)
19. R.A. Street, Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon (Cambridge University Press, 1991)
20. M. Reif, L. Glaser, M. Martins, W. Wurth, Size-dependent properties of small deposited
chromium clusters by x-ray absorption spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. B 72(15), 155405 (2005)
21. C.Q. Sun, C.M. Li, S. Li, B.K. Tay, Breaking limit of atomic distance in an impurity-free
monatomic chain. Phys. Rev. B 69(24), 245402 (2004)
22. C.Q. Sun, Y. Sun, Y.G. Nie, Y. Wang, J.S. Pan, G. Ouyang, L.K. Pan, Z. Sun, Coordinationresolved C–C bond length and the C 1s binding energy of carbon allotropes and the effective
atomic coordination of the few-layer graphene. J. Phys. Chem. C 113(37), 16464–16467 (2009)
23. C.Q. Sun, Y. Sun, The attribute of water: single notion, multiple myths. Springer Ser. Chem.
Phys. 113, 494 (2016)
24. C.Q. Sun, T.P. Chen, B.K. Tay, S. Li, H. Huang, Y.B. Zhang, L.K. Pan, S.P. Lau, X.W. Sun,
An extended ‘quantum confinement’ theory: surface-coordination imperfection modifies the
entire band structure of a nanosolid. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 34(24), 3470–3479 (2001)
25. L. Pan, S. Xu, X. Liu, W. Qin, Z. Sun, W. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, Skin dominance of the dielectric
electronic-phononic-photonic attribute of nanoscaled silicon. Surf. Sci. Rep. 68(3–4), 418–445
(2013)
26. L. Pauling, Atomic radii and interatomic distances in metals. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 69(3), 542–553
(1947)
27. H.S. Johnston, C. Parr, Activation energies from bond energies: 1. Hydrogen transfer reactions.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85(17), 2544–2551 (1963)
28. W.H. Weinberg, The Bond-Energy Bond-Order (BEBO) model of chemisorption. J. Vac. Sci.
Technol. 10(1), 89–94 (1973)
29. E. Shustorovich, Chemisorption phenomena: analytic modeling based perturbation theory and
bond-order conservation. Surf. Sci. Rep. 6, 1–63 (1986)
30. H. Gross, C.T. Campbell, D.A. King, Metal-carbon bond energies for adsorbed hydrocarbons
from calorimetric data. Surf. Sci. 572(2–3), 179–190 (2004)
43
6. L. Zhang, C. Yao, Y. Yu, S.-L. Jiang, C.Q. Sun, J. Chen, Stabilization of the dual-aromatic
cyclo-N 5− anion by acidic entrapment. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 10, 2378–2385 (2019)
7. C.Q. Sun, Unprecedented O:⇔: O compression and H↔H fragilization in Lewis solutions
(perspective). Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 21, 2234–2250 (2019)
8. C.Q. Sun, Solvation dynamics: a notion of charge injection. Springer Ser. Chem. Phys. 121,
316 (2019)
9. M.A. Omar, Elementary Solid State Physics: Principles and Applications (Addison-Wesley,
New York, 1993)
10. R. Egerton, P. Li, M. Malac, Radiation damage in the TEM and SEM. Micron 35(6), 399–409
(2004)
11. C.-Y. Lin, H.W. Shiu, L.Y. Chang, C.-H. Chen, C.-S. Chang, F.S.-S. Chien, Core-level shift of
graphene with number of layers studied by microphotoelectron spectroscopy and electrostatic
force microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. C 118(43), 24898–24904 (2014)
12. C.Q. Sun, Size dependence of nanostructures: Impact of bond order deficiency. Prog. Solid
State Chem. 35(1), 1–159 (2007)
13. X.J. Liu, M.L. Bo, X. Zhang, L. Li, Y.G. Nie, H. Tian, Y. Sun, S. Xu, Y. Wang, W. Zheng, C.Q.
Sun, Coordination-resolved electron spectrometrics. Chem. Rev. 115(14), 6746–6810 (2015)
14. C.Q. Sun, Thermo-mechanical behavior of low-dimensional systems: the local bond average
approach. Prog. Mater Sci. 54(2), 179–307 (2009)
15. C.Q. Sun, Dominance of broken bonds and nonbonding electrons at the nanoscale. Nanoscale
2(10), 1930–1961 (2010)
16. W.T. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, Underneath the fascinations of carbon nanotubes and graphene
nanoribbons. Energy Environ. Sci. 4(3), 627–655 (2011)
17. C.Q. Sun, Surface and nanosolid core-level shift: impact of atomic coordination-number
imperfection. Phys. Rev. B 69(4), 045105 (2004)
18. E. Abrahams, P.W. Anderson, D.C. Licciardello, T.V. Ramakrishnan, scaling theory of localization: absence of quantum diffusion in two dimensions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 42(10), 673–676
(1979)
19. R.A. Street, Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon (Cambridge University Press, 1991)
20. M. Reif, L. Glaser, M. Martins, W. Wurth, Size-dependent properties of small deposited
chromium clusters by x-ray absorption spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. B 72(15), 155405 (2005)
21. C.Q. Sun, C.M. Li, S. Li, B.K. Tay, Breaking limit of atomic distance in an impurity-free
monatomic chain. Phys. Rev. B 69(24), 245402 (2004)
22. C.Q. Sun, Y. Sun, Y.G. Nie, Y. Wang, J.S. Pan, G. Ouyang, L.K. Pan, Z. Sun, Coordinationresolved C–C bond length and the C 1s binding energy of carbon allotropes and the effective
atomic coordination of the few-layer graphene. J. Phys. Chem. C 113(37), 16464–16467 (2009)
23. C.Q. Sun, Y. Sun, The attribute of water: single notion, multiple myths. Springer Ser. Chem.
Phys. 113, 494 (2016)
24. C.Q. Sun, T.P. Chen, B.K. Tay, S. Li, H. Huang, Y.B. Zhang, L.K. Pan, S.P. Lau, X.W. Sun,
An extended ‘quantum confinement’ theory: surface-coordination imperfection modifies the
entire band structure of a nanosolid. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 34(24), 3470–3479 (2001)
25. L. Pan, S. Xu, X. Liu, W. Qin, Z. Sun, W. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, Skin dominance of the dielectric
electronic-phononic-photonic attribute of nanoscaled silicon. Surf. Sci. Rep. 68(3–4), 418–445
(2013)
26. L. Pauling, Atomic radii and interatomic distances in metals. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 69(3), 542–553
(1947)
27. H.S. Johnston, C. Parr, Activation energies from bond energies: 1. Hydrogen transfer reactions.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85(17), 2544–2551 (1963)
28. W.H. Weinberg, The Bond-Energy Bond-Order (BEBO) model of chemisorption. J. Vac. Sci.
Technol. 10(1), 89–94 (1973)
29. E. Shustorovich, Chemisorption phenomena: analytic modeling based perturbation theory and
bond-order conservation. Surf. Sci. Rep. 6, 1–63 (1986)
30. H. Gross, C.T. Campbell, D.A. King, Metal-carbon bond energies for adsorbed hydrocarbons
from calorimetric data. Surf. Sci. 572(2–3), 179–190 (2004)