214
10 Hetero- and Under-Coordination Coupling
19. Y. Wang, Y.G. Nie, L.L. Wang, C.Q. Sun, Atomic-layer- and crystal-orientation-resolved 3d 5/2
binding energy shift of Ru(0001) and Ru(1010) surfaces. J. Phys. Chem. C 114(2), 1226–1230
(2010)
20. W. Göpel, J. Anderson, D. Frankel, M. Jaehnig, K. Phillips, J. Schäfer, G. Rocker, Surface
defects of TiO 2 (110): a combined XPS, XAES AND ELS study. Surf. Sci. 139(2), 333–346
(1984)
21. C. Kittel, Intrduction to Solid State Physics, 8th edn. (Willey, New York, 2005)
22. D. Hanson, R. Stockbauer, T. Madey, Photon-stimulated desorption and other spectroscopic
studies of the interaction of oxygen with a titanium (001) surface. Phys. Rev. B 24(10), 5513–
5521 (1981)
23. X.J. Liu, L.W. Yang, Z.F. Zhou, P.K. Chu, C.Q. Sun, Inverse Hall-Petch relationship of nanostructured TiO 2 : skin-depth energy pinning versus surface preferential melting. J. Appl. Phys.
108, 073503 (2010)
24. X.J. Liu, L.K. Pan, Z. Sun, Y.M. Chen, X.X. Yang, L.W. Yang, Z.F. Zhou, C.Q. Sun, Strain
engineering of the elasticity and the Raman shift of nanostructured TiO 2 . J. Appl. Phys. 110(4),
044322 (2011)
25. M.S. Chen, D.W. Goodman, The structure of catalytically active gold on titania. Science
306(5694), 252–255 (2004)
26. J. Xie, H. Zhang, S. Li, R. Wang, X. Sun, M. Zhou, J. Zhou, X.W. Lou, Y. Xie, Defect-rich MoS 2
ultrathin nanosheets with additional active edge sites for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen
evolution. Adv. Mater. 25(40), 5807–5813 (2013)
27. Y.Y. Tay, S. Li, C.Q. Sun, P. Chen, Size dependence of Zn 2p 3/2 binding energy in
nanocrystalline ZnO. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(17), 173118 (2006)
28. Y. Tay, T. Tan, M. Liang, F. Boey, S. Li, Specific defects, surface band bending and characteristic
green emissions of ZnO. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12(23), 6008–6013 (2010)
29. Y.Y. Tay, T. Tan, F. Boey, M.H. Liang, J. Ye, Y. Zhao, T. Norby, S. Li, Correlation between the
characteristic green emissions and specific defects of ZnO. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12(10),
2373–2379 (2010)
30. C.Q. Sun, Dominance of broken bonds and nonbonding electrons at the nanoscale. Nanoscale
2(10), 1930–1961 (2010)
31. L. Pan, S. Xu, X. Liu, W. Qin, Z. Sun, W. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, Skin dominance of the dielectric
electronic-phononic-photonic attribute of nanoscaled silicon. Surf. Sci. Rep. 68(3–4), 418–445
(2013)
32. J.W. Li, S.Z. Ma, X.J. Liu, Z.F. Zhou, C.Q. Sun, ZnO meso-mechano-thermo physical
chemistry. Chem. Rev. 112(5), 2833–2852 (2012)
33. C.Q. Sun, Y. Sun, Y.G. Ni, X. Zhang, J.S. Pan, X.H. Wang, J. Zhou, L.T. Li, W.T. Zheng,
S.S. Yu, L.K. Pan, Z. Sun, Coulomb repulsion at the nanometer-sized contact: a force driving
superhydrophobicity, superfluidity, superlubricity, and supersolidity. J. Phys. Chem. C 113(46),
20009–20019 (2009)
34. L. K. Pan, Chang Q. Sun, Coordination imperfection enhanced electron-phonon interaction. J.
Appl. Phys. 95(7), 3819–3821 (2004)
35. L. Pan, S. Xu, X. Liu, W. Qin, Z. Sun, W. Zheng, C. Q. Sun, Skin dominance of the dielectric–
electronic–phononic–photonic attribute of nanoscaled silicon. Surf. Sci. Rep. 68(3–4), 418–445
(2013)
36. M. Hasegawa, T. Shimakura, Observation of electron trapping along scratches on SiO 2 surface
in mirror electron microscope images under ultraviolet light irradiation. J. Appl. Phys. 107(8),
084107 (2010)
37. J.I. Paredes, A. Martinez-Alonso, J.M.D. Tascon, Multiscale Imaging and tip-scratch studies
reveal insight into the plasma oxidation of graphite. Langmuir 23(17), 8932–8943 (2007)
38. W.P. Tong, N.R. Tao, Z.B. Wang, J. Lu, K. Lu, Nitriding iron at lower temperatures. Science
299(5607), 686–688 (2003)
10 Hetero- and Under-Coordination Coupling
19. Y. Wang, Y.G. Nie, L.L. Wang, C.Q. Sun, Atomic-layer- and crystal-orientation-resolved 3d 5/2
binding energy shift of Ru(0001) and Ru(1010) surfaces. J. Phys. Chem. C 114(2), 1226–1230
(2010)
20. W. Göpel, J. Anderson, D. Frankel, M. Jaehnig, K. Phillips, J. Schäfer, G. Rocker, Surface
defects of TiO 2 (110): a combined XPS, XAES AND ELS study. Surf. Sci. 139(2), 333–346
(1984)
21. C. Kittel, Intrduction to Solid State Physics, 8th edn. (Willey, New York, 2005)
22. D. Hanson, R. Stockbauer, T. Madey, Photon-stimulated desorption and other spectroscopic
studies of the interaction of oxygen with a titanium (001) surface. Phys. Rev. B 24(10), 5513–
5521 (1981)
23. X.J. Liu, L.W. Yang, Z.F. Zhou, P.K. Chu, C.Q. Sun, Inverse Hall-Petch relationship of nanostructured TiO 2 : skin-depth energy pinning versus surface preferential melting. J. Appl. Phys.
108, 073503 (2010)
24. X.J. Liu, L.K. Pan, Z. Sun, Y.M. Chen, X.X. Yang, L.W. Yang, Z.F. Zhou, C.Q. Sun, Strain
engineering of the elasticity and the Raman shift of nanostructured TiO 2 . J. Appl. Phys. 110(4),
044322 (2011)
25. M.S. Chen, D.W. Goodman, The structure of catalytically active gold on titania. Science
306(5694), 252–255 (2004)
26. J. Xie, H. Zhang, S. Li, R. Wang, X. Sun, M. Zhou, J. Zhou, X.W. Lou, Y. Xie, Defect-rich MoS 2
ultrathin nanosheets with additional active edge sites for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen
evolution. Adv. Mater. 25(40), 5807–5813 (2013)
27. Y.Y. Tay, S. Li, C.Q. Sun, P. Chen, Size dependence of Zn 2p 3/2 binding energy in
nanocrystalline ZnO. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(17), 173118 (2006)
28. Y. Tay, T. Tan, M. Liang, F. Boey, S. Li, Specific defects, surface band bending and characteristic
green emissions of ZnO. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12(23), 6008–6013 (2010)
29. Y.Y. Tay, T. Tan, F. Boey, M.H. Liang, J. Ye, Y. Zhao, T. Norby, S. Li, Correlation between the
characteristic green emissions and specific defects of ZnO. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12(10),
2373–2379 (2010)
30. C.Q. Sun, Dominance of broken bonds and nonbonding electrons at the nanoscale. Nanoscale
2(10), 1930–1961 (2010)
31. L. Pan, S. Xu, X. Liu, W. Qin, Z. Sun, W. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, Skin dominance of the dielectric
electronic-phononic-photonic attribute of nanoscaled silicon. Surf. Sci. Rep. 68(3–4), 418–445
(2013)
32. J.W. Li, S.Z. Ma, X.J. Liu, Z.F. Zhou, C.Q. Sun, ZnO meso-mechano-thermo physical
chemistry. Chem. Rev. 112(5), 2833–2852 (2012)
33. C.Q. Sun, Y. Sun, Y.G. Ni, X. Zhang, J.S. Pan, X.H. Wang, J. Zhou, L.T. Li, W.T. Zheng,
S.S. Yu, L.K. Pan, Z. Sun, Coulomb repulsion at the nanometer-sized contact: a force driving
superhydrophobicity, superfluidity, superlubricity, and supersolidity. J. Phys. Chem. C 113(46),
20009–20019 (2009)
34. L. K. Pan, Chang Q. Sun, Coordination imperfection enhanced electron-phonon interaction. J.
Appl. Phys. 95(7), 3819–3821 (2004)
35. L. Pan, S. Xu, X. Liu, W. Qin, Z. Sun, W. Zheng, C. Q. Sun, Skin dominance of the dielectric–
electronic–phononic–photonic attribute of nanoscaled silicon. Surf. Sci. Rep. 68(3–4), 418–445
(2013)
36. M. Hasegawa, T. Shimakura, Observation of electron trapping along scratches on SiO 2 surface
in mirror electron microscope images under ultraviolet light irradiation. J. Appl. Phys. 107(8),
084107 (2010)
37. J.I. Paredes, A. Martinez-Alonso, J.M.D. Tascon, Multiscale Imaging and tip-scratch studies
reveal insight into the plasma oxidation of graphite. Langmuir 23(17), 8932–8943 (2007)
38. W.P. Tong, N.R. Tao, Z.B. Wang, J. Lu, K. Lu, Nitriding iron at lower temperatures. Science
299(5607), 686–688 (2003)