190
Ö. Akay et al.
Table 18.2 Located in housing demand from Turkey, foreign country economic data
KT
Monthly housing sales to foreigners by nationality (24 months 2015–2016)
EURO
European currency/Turkish Lira (exchange rate) average monthly 2015–2016
KALTIN
Gold ingot (selling gold price (TL/Gr) 2015–2016
D1
Dummy variable that takes value 1 for investment provinces and 0 for others
ITHALAT General ımports (monthly foreign trade quantity ındices by ınternational standard
trade classification 2013–2016)
EGE
Economic confidence ındex (2015–2016)
TUGE
Consumer confidence ındex (2015–2016)
REGE
Real sector confidence ındex (2015–2016)
HSGE
Service sector confidence ındex (2015–2016)
PTSGE
Retail trade sector confidence ındex (2015–2016)
D1
Shadow variable that takes value 1 for investment provinces and 0 for others
Table 18.3 The first ten countries that most housing purchases in the years 2015–2016 from Turkey
Country
2015 (Piece) Country
2016 (Piece) Rate of change (%)
England
4.552
Iraq
3.726
−15.5
Iraq
4.407
Britain
2.556
−43.8
Russia
2.377
Saudi Arabia 1.827
−20.3
Kuwait
2.299
Kuwait
1.749
−23.9
Saudi Arabia
2.292
Afghanistan
1.623
*
Germany
1.280
Germany
1.474
15.2
Azerbaijan
864
Russia
1.449
−39.0
United Arab Emirates 329
Azerbaijan
724
−16.2
Train
279
Lebanon
191
*
USA
263
TRNC
180
*
Source Eva real estate appraisal (2016)
Clustering analysis was performed to both panel data sets by using k-prototype
algorithm. By using cluster validity indexes, the appropriate numbers of clusters were
determined and similar units were obtained in housing demand. Cluster validity index
values are given in Tables 18.4 and 18.5.
As shown in Table 18.4, for foreign resident data set requesting housing in
Turkey, while cluster validity indices of Dunn (0.7467), Ptbiserial (0.7640), Silhouette (0.7733), Thai (0.5965) indices propose the optimal number of cluster as 2,
Cindex (0.0111), Gamma (0.9348), Gplus (0.0093) index values recommend as 6.
Considering that the number of clusters envisaged for the study will be 6, the number
of appropriate clusters is taken as 6. The distribution of provinces in clusters for the
number of clusters 6;
1st Cluster: Antalya, Istanbul.
Ö. Akay et al.
Table 18.2 Located in housing demand from Turkey, foreign country economic data
KT
Monthly housing sales to foreigners by nationality (24 months 2015–2016)
EURO
European currency/Turkish Lira (exchange rate) average monthly 2015–2016
KALTIN
Gold ingot (selling gold price (TL/Gr) 2015–2016
D1
Dummy variable that takes value 1 for investment provinces and 0 for others
ITHALAT General ımports (monthly foreign trade quantity ındices by ınternational standard
trade classification 2013–2016)
EGE
Economic confidence ındex (2015–2016)
TUGE
Consumer confidence ındex (2015–2016)
REGE
Real sector confidence ındex (2015–2016)
HSGE
Service sector confidence ındex (2015–2016)
PTSGE
Retail trade sector confidence ındex (2015–2016)
D1
Shadow variable that takes value 1 for investment provinces and 0 for others
Table 18.3 The first ten countries that most housing purchases in the years 2015–2016 from Turkey
Country
2015 (Piece) Country
2016 (Piece) Rate of change (%)
England
4.552
Iraq
3.726
−15.5
Iraq
4.407
Britain
2.556
−43.8
Russia
2.377
Saudi Arabia 1.827
−20.3
Kuwait
2.299
Kuwait
1.749
−23.9
Saudi Arabia
2.292
Afghanistan
1.623
*
Germany
1.280
Germany
1.474
15.2
Azerbaijan
864
Russia
1.449
−39.0
United Arab Emirates 329
Azerbaijan
724
−16.2
Train
279
Lebanon
191
*
USA
263
TRNC
180
*
Source Eva real estate appraisal (2016)
Clustering analysis was performed to both panel data sets by using k-prototype
algorithm. By using cluster validity indexes, the appropriate numbers of clusters were
determined and similar units were obtained in housing demand. Cluster validity index
values are given in Tables 18.4 and 18.5.
As shown in Table 18.4, for foreign resident data set requesting housing in
Turkey, while cluster validity indices of Dunn (0.7467), Ptbiserial (0.7640), Silhouette (0.7733), Thai (0.5965) indices propose the optimal number of cluster as 2,
Cindex (0.0111), Gamma (0.9348), Gplus (0.0093) index values recommend as 6.
Considering that the number of clusters envisaged for the study will be 6, the number
of appropriate clusters is taken as 6. The distribution of provinces in clusters for the
number of clusters 6;
1st Cluster: Antalya, Istanbul.