particles is essential in the formation of very high-energy electrons in the tail of
electron distribution. So, ultra-high-order Maxwell equation solver has been
developed by keeping extreme scalability for electromagnetic PIC simulations of
plasma, for example, [9].
In laser fusion and HED physics studies, solid matter should be slowly
compressed over the time of nanoseconds. In such non-relativistic laser plasma
case described in Chaps. 2, 3 and 4, PIC simulation is still difficult to simulate the
whole physics scenario over the long pulse time. However, PIC code is very useful
to simulate core dynamics and obtain some theoretical model for physics elements in
long pulse plasma. From the beginning such as resonant absorption study, PIC code
has been used mainly for such purpose and committed a lot to clarify the core
physics in new regime. The author, however, is afraid that through writing this book,
he usually finds many papers where a certain experiment was done, and PIC
simulation was also done to obtain the coincidence with the experimental data
after fine-tuning of the PIC condition. This is recent tendency after a tremendous
increase of computer speed and the ultra-short relativistic laser can be simulated for a
whole time of laser pulse as readers see examples in Chap. 7. The author hopes
young people doesn’t forget that computer simulation is a tool to find the core
physics in complex plasma they are challenging.
There are several open use PIC codes. For example, EPOCH code in [7] is widely
used internationally not only for relativistic plasma physics but also nonlinear
quantum electrodynamics (QED) physics such as positron productions, radiation
damping, and so on expected to happen in ultra-intensity irradiation over 10
20 W/
cm
2 .
References
1. J. Dawson, Phys. Plasmas 2, 2189 (1995); Phys. Fluids 5, 445 (1962)
2. R.W. Hockeny, J.W. Eastwood, Computer Simulation Using Particles (IOP publisher, 1988),
p. 111; C.K. Birdsall, A.B. Langdon, Plasma physics via computer simulation, (McGraw hill,
1981/CSC Press, 2004)
3. J.P. Freidberg et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 28, 795 (1972)
4. R.L. Morse, C.W. Nielson, Phys. Fluids 12, 2418 (1969)
5. K.J. Bowers et al., J. Physics Con. Ser. 180, 012055 (2009). https://github.com/lanl/vpic
6. A. Pukov, in Accelerator School in CERN (2016). https://e-publishing.cern.ch/index.php/CYR/
article/view/220
7. T.D. Arber et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 57, 113001 (2015)
8. R. Royle et al., Phys. Rev. E 95, 063203 (2017)
9. H. Vincenti, J.-L. Vay, Comput. Phys. Commun. 228, 22 (2018)
382
Appendices
electron distribution. So, ultra-high-order Maxwell equation solver has been
developed by keeping extreme scalability for electromagnetic PIC simulations of
plasma, for example, [9].
In laser fusion and HED physics studies, solid matter should be slowly
compressed over the time of nanoseconds. In such non-relativistic laser plasma
case described in Chaps. 2, 3 and 4, PIC simulation is still difficult to simulate the
whole physics scenario over the long pulse time. However, PIC code is very useful
to simulate core dynamics and obtain some theoretical model for physics elements in
long pulse plasma. From the beginning such as resonant absorption study, PIC code
has been used mainly for such purpose and committed a lot to clarify the core
physics in new regime. The author, however, is afraid that through writing this book,
he usually finds many papers where a certain experiment was done, and PIC
simulation was also done to obtain the coincidence with the experimental data
after fine-tuning of the PIC condition. This is recent tendency after a tremendous
increase of computer speed and the ultra-short relativistic laser can be simulated for a
whole time of laser pulse as readers see examples in Chap. 7. The author hopes
young people doesn’t forget that computer simulation is a tool to find the core
physics in complex plasma they are challenging.
There are several open use PIC codes. For example, EPOCH code in [7] is widely
used internationally not only for relativistic plasma physics but also nonlinear
quantum electrodynamics (QED) physics such as positron productions, radiation
damping, and so on expected to happen in ultra-intensity irradiation over 10
20 W/
cm
2 .
References
1. J. Dawson, Phys. Plasmas 2, 2189 (1995); Phys. Fluids 5, 445 (1962)
2. R.W. Hockeny, J.W. Eastwood, Computer Simulation Using Particles (IOP publisher, 1988),
p. 111; C.K. Birdsall, A.B. Langdon, Plasma physics via computer simulation, (McGraw hill,
1981/CSC Press, 2004)
3. J.P. Freidberg et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 28, 795 (1972)
4. R.L. Morse, C.W. Nielson, Phys. Fluids 12, 2418 (1969)
5. K.J. Bowers et al., J. Physics Con. Ser. 180, 012055 (2009). https://github.com/lanl/vpic
6. A. Pukov, in Accelerator School in CERN (2016). https://e-publishing.cern.ch/index.php/CYR/
article/view/220
7. T.D. Arber et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 57, 113001 (2015)
8. R. Royle et al., Phys. Rev. E 95, 063203 (2017)
9. H. Vincenti, J.-L. Vay, Comput. Phys. Commun. 228, 22 (2018)
382
Appendices