laser facility with 192 laser beams with each beam size 40cm  40cm. The big size
of laser is to deliver a large amount of laser energy 1.8 megajoule. However, nuclear
fusion ignition and burn have not demonstrated yet with NIF fusion implosion
experiments. It is proofed through the NIF experiment that the physics of implosion
is not simple, and plasma is compressed with turbulent motion; the physics of which
is still under investigation with the supercomputing. Since the electricity production
Fig. 1.8 (a) The bird view of the National Ignition Facility. The left side is laser amplifier chains.
The 192 beams of laser are bundled to two directions, up and down, to irradiate to a target at the
center of vacuum chamber on the right with blue color. (b) Snapshot of ceremony for installing the
target chamber. The right bottom is the chamber after install. The size of building and chamber is
imaged with the diameter of chamber 10 m
Fig. 1.7 Gekko XII laser system at Osaka University. Picture shows the amplifier room, and four
beam amplifications chain out of 12 beams. The final sized of each laser beam is 30 cm in diameter.
Implosion experiment with Gekko XII started in 1983
1.1 Brief History of Intense Lasers
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