Hapsari KA, Biagioni S, Jennerjahn TC, Reimer P, Saad A, Sabiham S, Behling H (2018)
Resilience of a peatland in Central Sumatra, Indonesia to past anthropogenic disturbance:
improving conservation and restoration designs using palaeoecology. J Ecol 106(6):2473–2490
Hooijer A, Vernimmen R, Visser M, Mawdsley N (2015) Flooding projection from elevation and
subsidence models for oil palm plantations in the Rajang Delta Peatlands, Sarawak, Malaysia,
Deltares report 1207384, p 77
Levine JS (1999) The 1997 fires in Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia: gaseous and particulate
emissions. Geophys Res Lett 26(7):4
Miettinen J, Hooijer A, Shi C, Tollenaar D, Vernimmen R, Liew SC, Malins C, Page SE (2012a)
Extent of industrial plantations on southeast Asian peatlands in 2010 with analysis of historical
expansion and future projections. GCB Bioenergy 4(6):908–918
Miettinen J, Hooijer A, Tollenaar D, Page SE, Malins C, Vernimmen R, Shi C, Liew SC (2012b)
Historical analysis and projection of oil palm plantation expansion on peatland in Southeast
Asia. Indirect Effect of Biofuel Production, Washington, DC, p 54
Miettinen J, Shi C, Liew SC (2016) Land cover distribution in the peatlands of peninsular Malaysia,
Sumatra and Borneo in 2015 with changes since 1990. Global Ecol Cons 6:67–78
MoEF (2016) National forest reference emission level for deforestation and forest degradation: in
the context of decision 1/CP.16 para 70 UNFCCC (encourages developing country Parties to
contribute to mitigation actions in the forest sector). Ministry of Environment and Forestry,
Indonesia
NASA (2016) Severe 2015 Indonesian fire season linked to Elnino drought. https://www.nasa.gov/
feature/Goddard/2016/severe-2015-indonesian-fire-season-linked-to-el-nino-drought. Accessed
13 July 2018
Nicholls RJ, Hoozeman FMJ, Marchand M (1999) Increasing flood risk and wetland losses due to
global sea-level rise: regional and global analyses. Glob Environ Chang 9:S69–S87
Patiware MA, Osozawa K, Hu B (2015) An overview of the traditional use of sago for sago-based
food industry in Indonesia. ICoA conference proceedings
Rittenhouse CD, Rissman AR (2012) Forest cover, carbon sequestration, and wildlife habitat:
policy review and modeling of tradeoffs among land-use change scenarios. Environ Sci Policy
21(0):94–105
Ritzema H (2001) Water management guidelines for agricultural development in lowland peat
swamps of Sarawak, Sarawak
Schroth G, da Fonseca GA, Harvey CA, Gascon C, Vasconcelos HL, Izac A-MN (2013) Agroforestry and biodiversity conservation in tropical landscapes. Island Press, Washington
Sumarga E, Hein L, Hooijer A, Vernimmen R (2016) Hydrological and economic effects of oil
palm cultivation in Indonesian peatlands. Ecol Soc 21(2):52
Tacconi L (2003) Fires in Indonesia: causes, Costs and policy implication. CIFOR, Bogor
Uda SK, Hein L, Sumarga E (2017) Towards sustainable management of Indonesian tropical
peatlands. Wetl Ecol Manag 25:1–19
WB-Group (2016) The cost of fire an economic analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 fire crisis. Indonesia
Sustainable Landscape Knowledge Note 1
Widiarsih D (2019) Economic feasibility analysis of sago palm development in Sungai Apit and
Sabak Auh Sub-District, Siak Regency. J Ekonomi Bisnis Dharma Andalas 21(1):8
Wösten JHM, Clymans E, Page SE, Rieley JO, Limin SH (2008) Peat–water interrelationships in a
tropical peatland ecosystem in Southeast Asia. Catena 73(2):212–224
Yule CM (2010) Loss of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in indo-Malayan peat swamp
forests. Biodivers Conserv 19(2):393–409
774
H. Gunawan et al.
Resilience of a peatland in Central Sumatra, Indonesia to past anthropogenic disturbance:
improving conservation and restoration designs using palaeoecology. J Ecol 106(6):2473–2490
Hooijer A, Vernimmen R, Visser M, Mawdsley N (2015) Flooding projection from elevation and
subsidence models for oil palm plantations in the Rajang Delta Peatlands, Sarawak, Malaysia,
Deltares report 1207384, p 77
Levine JS (1999) The 1997 fires in Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia: gaseous and particulate
emissions. Geophys Res Lett 26(7):4
Miettinen J, Hooijer A, Shi C, Tollenaar D, Vernimmen R, Liew SC, Malins C, Page SE (2012a)
Extent of industrial plantations on southeast Asian peatlands in 2010 with analysis of historical
expansion and future projections. GCB Bioenergy 4(6):908–918
Miettinen J, Hooijer A, Tollenaar D, Page SE, Malins C, Vernimmen R, Shi C, Liew SC (2012b)
Historical analysis and projection of oil palm plantation expansion on peatland in Southeast
Asia. Indirect Effect of Biofuel Production, Washington, DC, p 54
Miettinen J, Shi C, Liew SC (2016) Land cover distribution in the peatlands of peninsular Malaysia,
Sumatra and Borneo in 2015 with changes since 1990. Global Ecol Cons 6:67–78
MoEF (2016) National forest reference emission level for deforestation and forest degradation: in
the context of decision 1/CP.16 para 70 UNFCCC (encourages developing country Parties to
contribute to mitigation actions in the forest sector). Ministry of Environment and Forestry,
Indonesia
NASA (2016) Severe 2015 Indonesian fire season linked to Elnino drought. https://www.nasa.gov/
feature/Goddard/2016/severe-2015-indonesian-fire-season-linked-to-el-nino-drought. Accessed
13 July 2018
Nicholls RJ, Hoozeman FMJ, Marchand M (1999) Increasing flood risk and wetland losses due to
global sea-level rise: regional and global analyses. Glob Environ Chang 9:S69–S87
Patiware MA, Osozawa K, Hu B (2015) An overview of the traditional use of sago for sago-based
food industry in Indonesia. ICoA conference proceedings
Rittenhouse CD, Rissman AR (2012) Forest cover, carbon sequestration, and wildlife habitat:
policy review and modeling of tradeoffs among land-use change scenarios. Environ Sci Policy
21(0):94–105
Ritzema H (2001) Water management guidelines for agricultural development in lowland peat
swamps of Sarawak, Sarawak
Schroth G, da Fonseca GA, Harvey CA, Gascon C, Vasconcelos HL, Izac A-MN (2013) Agroforestry and biodiversity conservation in tropical landscapes. Island Press, Washington
Sumarga E, Hein L, Hooijer A, Vernimmen R (2016) Hydrological and economic effects of oil
palm cultivation in Indonesian peatlands. Ecol Soc 21(2):52
Tacconi L (2003) Fires in Indonesia: causes, Costs and policy implication. CIFOR, Bogor
Uda SK, Hein L, Sumarga E (2017) Towards sustainable management of Indonesian tropical
peatlands. Wetl Ecol Manag 25:1–19
WB-Group (2016) The cost of fire an economic analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 fire crisis. Indonesia
Sustainable Landscape Knowledge Note 1
Widiarsih D (2019) Economic feasibility analysis of sago palm development in Sungai Apit and
Sabak Auh Sub-District, Siak Regency. J Ekonomi Bisnis Dharma Andalas 21(1):8
Wösten JHM, Clymans E, Page SE, Rieley JO, Limin SH (2008) Peat–water interrelationships in a
tropical peatland ecosystem in Southeast Asia. Catena 73(2):212–224
Yule CM (2010) Loss of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in indo-Malayan peat swamp
forests. Biodivers Conserv 19(2):393–409
774
H. Gunawan et al.