suggests that constructing more canal blockings and planting more fire-resistant
plants may reduce the fire risks in the non-burnt and burnt sites, respectively.
Acknowledgments The author would like to thank the Ministry of Research, Technology, and
Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia for funding this research through the PMDSU
Scholarship.
References
Aronson J, Blignaut JN, Milton SJ, Le Maitre D, Esler KJ, Limouzin A, Fontaine C, De Wit MP,
Mugido W, Prinsloo P, Van Der Elst L, Lederer N (2010) Are socioeconomic benefits of
restoration adequately quantified? A meta-analysis of recent papers (2000–2008) in restoration
ecology and 12 other scientific. J Restorat Ecol 18(2):143–154
Giessen W, Sari ENN (2018) Tropical peatland restoration report: Indonesian case millennium
challenge account – Indonesia. 82p
Hirano T, Kusin K, Limin S, Osaki M (2014) Carbon dioxide emissions through oxidative peat
decomposition on a burnt tropical peatland. Glob Chang Biol 20:555–565
Hobbs RJ, Cramer VA (2008) Restoration ecology: interventionist approaches for restoring and
maintaining ecosystem function in the face of rapid environmental change. Annu Rev Environ
Resour 33(1):39–61
Hooijer A, Page S, Jauhiainen J, Lee WA, Lu XX, Idris A, Anshari G (2012) Subsidence and carbon
loss in drained tropical peatlands. Biogeosciences 9(3):1053–1071
Huijnen V, Wooster MJ, Kaiser JW, Gaveau DLA, Flemming J, Parrington M, Inness A,
Murdiyarso D, Main B, van Weele M (2016) Fire carbon emissions over maritime South-East
Asia in 2015 largest since 1997. Sci Rep 6:26886. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep26886.2016
Koh LP, Miettinen J, Liew SC, Ghazoul J (2011) Remotely sensed evidence of tropical peatland
conversion to oil palm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108(12):5127–5132
Könönen M, Jauhiainen J, Laiho R, Kusin K, Vasander H (2015) Physical and chemical properties
of tropical peat under stabilised land uses. Mires Peat 16(8):1–13
Konsorsium Central Kalimantan Project (2008) Question and answer about peatland in Southeast
Asia, especially Indonesia. [In Indonesian: Tanya & jawab seputar gambut di Asia Tenggara
khususnya Indonesia]. Tt: Wetlands International.
Kurnianto S, Selker J, Kauffman JB, Murdiyarso D, Peterson JT (2019) The influence of land-cover
changes on the variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity in tropical peatlands. Mitigat
Adapt Strat Glob Change 24(4):535–555
Murdiyarso D, Rosalina U, Hairiah K, Muslihat L, Suryadiputra INN, Jaya A (2004) Field guide:
Carbon stock assessment on peatland. [In Indonesian: Petunjuk lapangan: Pendugaan cadangan
karbon pada lahan gambut] Climate Change Project. Forest and Peatlands in Indonesia (Wetlands International – Indonesia Program and Wildlife Habitat Canada)
Page SE, Baird AJ (2016) Peatlands and global change: response and resilience. Annu Rev Environ
Resour 41:35–57
Page SE, Rieley JO, Banks CJ (2011) Global and regional importance of the tropical peatland
carbon pool. Glob Chang Biol 17(2):798–818
Rieley JO, Wüst RAJ, Jauhiainen J, Page SE, Wösten H, Hoijer A, Siegert F, Limin S, Vasander H,
Stahlhut (2008) Tropical peatlands: carbon store. carbon gas emissions and contribution to
climate change processes. Int Peat Soc 2008:148–181
Ritzema H, Limin S, Kusin K, Jauhiainen J, Wösten H (2014) Canal blocking strategies for
hydrological restoration of degraded tropical peatlands in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.
Catena 114(0):11–20
22 The Effect of Fire and Rewetting on the Groundwater Level in Tropical Peatlands
623
plants may reduce the fire risks in the non-burnt and burnt sites, respectively.
Acknowledgments The author would like to thank the Ministry of Research, Technology, and
Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia for funding this research through the PMDSU
Scholarship.
References
Aronson J, Blignaut JN, Milton SJ, Le Maitre D, Esler KJ, Limouzin A, Fontaine C, De Wit MP,
Mugido W, Prinsloo P, Van Der Elst L, Lederer N (2010) Are socioeconomic benefits of
restoration adequately quantified? A meta-analysis of recent papers (2000–2008) in restoration
ecology and 12 other scientific. J Restorat Ecol 18(2):143–154
Giessen W, Sari ENN (2018) Tropical peatland restoration report: Indonesian case millennium
challenge account – Indonesia. 82p
Hirano T, Kusin K, Limin S, Osaki M (2014) Carbon dioxide emissions through oxidative peat
decomposition on a burnt tropical peatland. Glob Chang Biol 20:555–565
Hobbs RJ, Cramer VA (2008) Restoration ecology: interventionist approaches for restoring and
maintaining ecosystem function in the face of rapid environmental change. Annu Rev Environ
Resour 33(1):39–61
Hooijer A, Page S, Jauhiainen J, Lee WA, Lu XX, Idris A, Anshari G (2012) Subsidence and carbon
loss in drained tropical peatlands. Biogeosciences 9(3):1053–1071
Huijnen V, Wooster MJ, Kaiser JW, Gaveau DLA, Flemming J, Parrington M, Inness A,
Murdiyarso D, Main B, van Weele M (2016) Fire carbon emissions over maritime South-East
Asia in 2015 largest since 1997. Sci Rep 6:26886. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep26886.2016
Koh LP, Miettinen J, Liew SC, Ghazoul J (2011) Remotely sensed evidence of tropical peatland
conversion to oil palm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108(12):5127–5132
Könönen M, Jauhiainen J, Laiho R, Kusin K, Vasander H (2015) Physical and chemical properties
of tropical peat under stabilised land uses. Mires Peat 16(8):1–13
Konsorsium Central Kalimantan Project (2008) Question and answer about peatland in Southeast
Asia, especially Indonesia. [In Indonesian: Tanya & jawab seputar gambut di Asia Tenggara
khususnya Indonesia]. Tt: Wetlands International.
Kurnianto S, Selker J, Kauffman JB, Murdiyarso D, Peterson JT (2019) The influence of land-cover
changes on the variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity in tropical peatlands. Mitigat
Adapt Strat Glob Change 24(4):535–555
Murdiyarso D, Rosalina U, Hairiah K, Muslihat L, Suryadiputra INN, Jaya A (2004) Field guide:
Carbon stock assessment on peatland. [In Indonesian: Petunjuk lapangan: Pendugaan cadangan
karbon pada lahan gambut] Climate Change Project. Forest and Peatlands in Indonesia (Wetlands International – Indonesia Program and Wildlife Habitat Canada)
Page SE, Baird AJ (2016) Peatlands and global change: response and resilience. Annu Rev Environ
Resour 41:35–57
Page SE, Rieley JO, Banks CJ (2011) Global and regional importance of the tropical peatland
carbon pool. Glob Chang Biol 17(2):798–818
Rieley JO, Wüst RAJ, Jauhiainen J, Page SE, Wösten H, Hoijer A, Siegert F, Limin S, Vasander H,
Stahlhut (2008) Tropical peatlands: carbon store. carbon gas emissions and contribution to
climate change processes. Int Peat Soc 2008:148–181
Ritzema H, Limin S, Kusin K, Jauhiainen J, Wösten H (2014) Canal blocking strategies for
hydrological restoration of degraded tropical peatlands in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.
Catena 114(0):11–20
22 The Effect of Fire and Rewetting on the Groundwater Level in Tropical Peatlands
623