ΔW 2 ¼ F o1 þ F o2 þ C i1 þ C i2 þ T 2
ð19:4Þ
Water budgets in the layers without the effect of transpiration are shown in the
following equation:
ΔW n ¼ F onÀ1 þ F on þ C inÀ1 þ C in
ð19:5Þ
Water use ratio by root of surface vegetation (%)
0
0
a
b
Ground surface
Groundwater
table
Gravity water
Capillary water
Evaporation
Transpiration
Transpiration
Transpiration
Rain
out
out
in
out
in
in
out
in
1 st layer
2 nd layer
3 rd layer
20 th layer
10 cm
10 cm
10 cm
200 cm
10 cm
10
20
20
30
(UF)
(DF)
(OG)
Depth of peat layer (cm)
40
40
0
20 40
0
20 40
60
80 100
50
out
Fig. 19.11 (a) Left: Tank
model of water movement in
the surface peat layer from
the ground surface to
200 cm in depth; (b) Right:
ratio of water use in each
10 cm layer from the surface
to 50 cm in depth at UF, DF,
and OG
552
H. Takahashi et al.