AeroHydro culture media. Each tree will be surrounded by four bags of AeroHydro
culture media, each placed 2 m away from the tree. Additional liquid organic
biofertilizer is also sprayed onto the leaves and roots to promote plant/root growth
through microorganism symbiosis and hormone-like natural compounds.
1. N, P, K, Mg, and B are the nutrients needed by plants. These nutrients are
necessary for plants but exist in rather limited amounts in peatlands. Due to the
high level of leaching, the addition of these nutrients is expected to meet the needs
of peat cultivation. It is better to use slow-release fertilizers. Briquette fertilizers
also have the function of storing water (Supriyadi et al. 2017).
2. Biochar provides a suitable environment for soil bacteria because of its ability to
bind water and nutrients (Gani 2009).
3. Zeolite absorbs various minerals and nutrients so that they are not easily washed
away by the acid in peatlands. It is hoped that when used together with biochar,
zeolite will be able to maximize the slow-release fertilizer mechanism.
4. The K content in peat is very limited. Additional K
+ in granule fertilizer is a key
material in this media.
5. Natural compost functions as the main provider of the organic components
needed by plants. The various necessary organic compounds include humic
acid. Natural compost provides the ideal conditions for soil bacteria to grow.
6. Liquid organic fertilizer contains organic acid substances, and the 10 selected
high-potential microorganism isolates serve not only as plant growth-promoting
agents but also as P-solubilizing agents and biocontrol agents (Patent ID Patent
No. 000064813, 2019).
7. Obligate arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form mutualistic symbioses with many
important agricultural plants, such as palm. The formation and function of
arbuscular mycorrhizae (AMs) induce considerable morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes in both the host and the symbiont
(Samra et al. 1997).
8. Dipterocarpaceae, Fagaceae, Pinaceae, and some genera of Myrtaceae are known
to form ectomycorrhizal relationships (Alexander and Lee 2005). Most
Dipterocarpaceae species surveyed to date are associated with ECM fungi
(Hogberg 1982; Lee 1998; Smits 1994). Further explanations of each material’s
function can be found in the following chapters.
Please be careful in applying these techniques to each situation, because this is
only a sample case for AeroHydro culture, not an established procedure. AeroHydro
culture media must be selected on a case-by-case basis according to several factors:
peatland condition, plant species, growth stage, GWL, available materials surrounding the area, experience with natural composting, and facilities for generating liquid
organic biofertilizer and preparing AMF or ECM fungi. AeroHydro culture is not
organic farming, but to succeed in AeroHydro culture, it is necessary to know how to
prepare organic matter and to understand composting, porous structure materials,
plant growth-promoting rhizobia (PGPR), plant growth-promoting (PGP) substances, and so on.
274
R. I. Wetadewi et al.
culture media, each placed 2 m away from the tree. Additional liquid organic
biofertilizer is also sprayed onto the leaves and roots to promote plant/root growth
through microorganism symbiosis and hormone-like natural compounds.
1. N, P, K, Mg, and B are the nutrients needed by plants. These nutrients are
necessary for plants but exist in rather limited amounts in peatlands. Due to the
high level of leaching, the addition of these nutrients is expected to meet the needs
of peat cultivation. It is better to use slow-release fertilizers. Briquette fertilizers
also have the function of storing water (Supriyadi et al. 2017).
2. Biochar provides a suitable environment for soil bacteria because of its ability to
bind water and nutrients (Gani 2009).
3. Zeolite absorbs various minerals and nutrients so that they are not easily washed
away by the acid in peatlands. It is hoped that when used together with biochar,
zeolite will be able to maximize the slow-release fertilizer mechanism.
4. The K content in peat is very limited. Additional K
+ in granule fertilizer is a key
material in this media.
5. Natural compost functions as the main provider of the organic components
needed by plants. The various necessary organic compounds include humic
acid. Natural compost provides the ideal conditions for soil bacteria to grow.
6. Liquid organic fertilizer contains organic acid substances, and the 10 selected
high-potential microorganism isolates serve not only as plant growth-promoting
agents but also as P-solubilizing agents and biocontrol agents (Patent ID Patent
No. 000064813, 2019).
7. Obligate arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form mutualistic symbioses with many
important agricultural plants, such as palm. The formation and function of
arbuscular mycorrhizae (AMs) induce considerable morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes in both the host and the symbiont
(Samra et al. 1997).
8. Dipterocarpaceae, Fagaceae, Pinaceae, and some genera of Myrtaceae are known
to form ectomycorrhizal relationships (Alexander and Lee 2005). Most
Dipterocarpaceae species surveyed to date are associated with ECM fungi
(Hogberg 1982; Lee 1998; Smits 1994). Further explanations of each material’s
function can be found in the following chapters.
Please be careful in applying these techniques to each situation, because this is
only a sample case for AeroHydro culture, not an established procedure. AeroHydro
culture media must be selected on a case-by-case basis according to several factors:
peatland condition, plant species, growth stage, GWL, available materials surrounding the area, experience with natural composting, and facilities for generating liquid
organic biofertilizer and preparing AMF or ECM fungi. AeroHydro culture is not
organic farming, but to succeed in AeroHydro culture, it is necessary to know how to
prepare organic matter and to understand composting, porous structure materials,
plant growth-promoting rhizobia (PGPR), plant growth-promoting (PGP) substances, and so on.
274
R. I. Wetadewi et al.