3.7.1.2 Forestry Regulations and Land-Use Planning
WSL-MTI have received each business license for the utilization of timber forest
products in plantation forests (Izin Usaha Pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan Kayu Hutan
Tanaman, IUPHHK-HTI) in 2007 for 40,750 ha and 2009 for 74,870 ha, respectively. After the acquisition of licenses, WSL-MTI submitted long-term work plans
(Rencana Kerja Usaha, RKU) to the Ministry of Forestry (MoF, now called Ministry
of Environment and Forestry [MoEF] after re-organization). The RKU of the forest
plantation should be planned according to the environmental impact assessment
(EIA). In addition to EIA, WSL-MTI independently conducted several types of
research, especially in vegetation and peat depth, to determine the conservation
area. As a result, 24% of the total area for WSL and 27% for MTI became
conservation areas, while the government regulation decreed at least 10% of the
total area must be designated for conservation.
In 2013–2014, WSL-MTI implemented a High Conservation Value (HCV)
assessment in association with Österreichishe Bundesforste AG and made management plans after international peer review by the HCV Resource Network. After peer
review, by efforts to increase the conserved area, the total conserved area increased
to 27% for WSL and 31% for MTI. Additionally, by referring to the government
regulations related to peat issues since 2014, WSL-MTI decided to preserve approximately 50% of the total area using a new concept of biodiversity conservation (see
below for details).
The main plantation species of WSL-MTI is Acacia crassicarpa, which can grow
in the high water table. In addition to acacia species, WSL-MTI have attempted to
plant several local species such as Neolamarckia cadamba (syn. Anthocephalus
cadamba), Shorea pachyphylla, S. macrophylla, and Dyera costulata for commercial use and restoration activities. The cutting cycle of the acacia species is 4–5 years.
3.7.2 Location and Site Description
The study area is in the western coastal plain of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. It
covers approximately 133,700 ha, which includes two forest concessions of approximately 115,000 ha and Mendawak protection forest of 18,700 ha under state control
(Decree of the Minister of Forestry 2014) (Fig. 3.5). The two forest plantations are
managed by WSL-MTI, which are joint venture companies between Japanese
(Sumitomo Forestry Co., Ltd.) and Indonesian (Alas Kusuma Group) forestry
companies, and the concession licenses of the forest plantations have been officially
approved for WSL in 2007 and MTI in 2008, respectively. The license period is
60–100 years.
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WSL-MTI have received each business license for the utilization of timber forest
products in plantation forests (Izin Usaha Pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan Kayu Hutan
Tanaman, IUPHHK-HTI) in 2007 for 40,750 ha and 2009 for 74,870 ha, respectively. After the acquisition of licenses, WSL-MTI submitted long-term work plans
(Rencana Kerja Usaha, RKU) to the Ministry of Forestry (MoF, now called Ministry
of Environment and Forestry [MoEF] after re-organization). The RKU of the forest
plantation should be planned according to the environmental impact assessment
(EIA). In addition to EIA, WSL-MTI independently conducted several types of
research, especially in vegetation and peat depth, to determine the conservation
area. As a result, 24% of the total area for WSL and 27% for MTI became
conservation areas, while the government regulation decreed at least 10% of the
total area must be designated for conservation.
In 2013–2014, WSL-MTI implemented a High Conservation Value (HCV)
assessment in association with Österreichishe Bundesforste AG and made management plans after international peer review by the HCV Resource Network. After peer
review, by efforts to increase the conserved area, the total conserved area increased
to 27% for WSL and 31% for MTI. Additionally, by referring to the government
regulations related to peat issues since 2014, WSL-MTI decided to preserve approximately 50% of the total area using a new concept of biodiversity conservation (see
below for details).
The main plantation species of WSL-MTI is Acacia crassicarpa, which can grow
in the high water table. In addition to acacia species, WSL-MTI have attempted to
plant several local species such as Neolamarckia cadamba (syn. Anthocephalus
cadamba), Shorea pachyphylla, S. macrophylla, and Dyera costulata for commercial use and restoration activities. The cutting cycle of the acacia species is 4–5 years.
3.7.2 Location and Site Description
The study area is in the western coastal plain of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. It
covers approximately 133,700 ha, which includes two forest concessions of approximately 115,000 ha and Mendawak protection forest of 18,700 ha under state control
(Decree of the Minister of Forestry 2014) (Fig. 3.5). The two forest plantations are
managed by WSL-MTI, which are joint venture companies between Japanese
(Sumitomo Forestry Co., Ltd.) and Indonesian (Alas Kusuma Group) forestry
companies, and the concession licenses of the forest plantations have been officially
approved for WSL in 2007 and MTI in 2008, respectively. The license period is
60–100 years.
102
T. Kato et al.