698
D. Froidevaux
components were able to record significant samples of data, albeit at low energy
and with insufficient statistics to fully commission the trigger and reconstruction
algorithms dedicated to provide the signatures required for the initial Standard
Model measurements and searches for new physics.
In parallel with the rapidly evolving integration, installation and commissioning
effort at the experimental sites, the collaborations have also reorganised themselves
to evolve as smoothly and efficiently as possible from a distributed construction
project with a strong technical co-ordination team to a running experiment with the
emphasis shifting to monitoring of the detector and trigger operation, understanding
of the detector performance in the real LHC environment and producing the first
physics results. A small but significant part of the human and financial resources are
already focusing on the necessary upgrades to the experiments required by the LHC
luminosity upgrade programme.
This chapter has been structured in the following way: Sect. 16.2 presents
an overview of the ATLAS and CMS projects in terms of their main design
characteristics, describes briefly the magnet systems, and summarises the main
lessons learned from the 15-year long research and development and construction
period. The next three sections, Sects. 16.3–16.5, describe in more detail the main
features and challenges related respectively to the inner tracker, to the calorimetry
and to the muon spectrometer, in the specific case of the ATLAS experiment. The
subsequent two sections, Sects. 16.6 and 16.7, discuss in broad terms the various
aspects of, respectively, the trigger and data acquisition system and the computing
and software, again in the context of the ATLAS experiment. The next section,
Sect. 16.8, summarises and compares briefly the expected performances at the time
of beginning of data-taking of the main ATLAS and CMS systems. The last and
final section, Sect. 16.9, gives a very brief overview of the performance and physics
results achieved over the past 10 years.
16.2 Overall Detector Concept and Magnet Systems
This section presents an overview of the ATLAS and CMS detectors, based on
the main physics arguments which guided the conceptual design, and describes
the magnet systems, which have driven many of the detailed design aspects of the
experiments.
16.2.1 Overall Detector Concept
Figures 16.5 and 16.6 show the overall layouts respectively of the ATLAS and
CMS detectors and Table 16.2 lists the main parameters of each experiment. Both
experiments are designed somewhat as cylindrical onions consisting of:
D. Froidevaux
components were able to record significant samples of data, albeit at low energy
and with insufficient statistics to fully commission the trigger and reconstruction
algorithms dedicated to provide the signatures required for the initial Standard
Model measurements and searches for new physics.
In parallel with the rapidly evolving integration, installation and commissioning
effort at the experimental sites, the collaborations have also reorganised themselves
to evolve as smoothly and efficiently as possible from a distributed construction
project with a strong technical co-ordination team to a running experiment with the
emphasis shifting to monitoring of the detector and trigger operation, understanding
of the detector performance in the real LHC environment and producing the first
physics results. A small but significant part of the human and financial resources are
already focusing on the necessary upgrades to the experiments required by the LHC
luminosity upgrade programme.
This chapter has been structured in the following way: Sect. 16.2 presents
an overview of the ATLAS and CMS projects in terms of their main design
characteristics, describes briefly the magnet systems, and summarises the main
lessons learned from the 15-year long research and development and construction
period. The next three sections, Sects. 16.3–16.5, describe in more detail the main
features and challenges related respectively to the inner tracker, to the calorimetry
and to the muon spectrometer, in the specific case of the ATLAS experiment. The
subsequent two sections, Sects. 16.6 and 16.7, discuss in broad terms the various
aspects of, respectively, the trigger and data acquisition system and the computing
and software, again in the context of the ATLAS experiment. The next section,
Sect. 16.8, summarises and compares briefly the expected performances at the time
of beginning of data-taking of the main ATLAS and CMS systems. The last and
final section, Sect. 16.9, gives a very brief overview of the performance and physics
results achieved over the past 10 years.
16.2 Overall Detector Concept and Magnet Systems
This section presents an overview of the ATLAS and CMS detectors, based on
the main physics arguments which guided the conceptual design, and describes
the magnet systems, which have driven many of the detailed design aspects of the
experiments.
16.2.1 Overall Detector Concept
Figures 16.5 and 16.6 show the overall layouts respectively of the ATLAS and
CMS detectors and Table 16.2 lists the main parameters of each experiment. Both
experiments are designed somewhat as cylindrical onions consisting of: