2 The Interaction of Radiation with Matter
41
where the parameters A, B, C are given by [112]
A =
0.81Z
−0.38
+ 0.18
× 10
−3 g cm
−2 keV
−1 ,
B = 0.21Z
−0.055
+ 0.78,
C =
1.1Z
0.29
+ 0.21
× 10
−3 keV
−1 .
References
1. U. Fano, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Sci. 13, 1 (1963).
2. M. Inokuti, Rev. Mod. Phys. 43, 297 (1971).
3. M. Inokuti, Rev. Mod. Phys. 50, 23 (1978).
4. H. Bichsel, Passage of Charged Particles Through Matter, in Amer. Instrum. Phys. Handbook,
edited by D. E. Gray, McGraw Hill, 1972.
5. R. J. Gould, Physica 62, 555 (1972).
6. W. W. M. Allison and J. H. Cobb, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 30, 253 (1980).
7. S. P. Ahlen, Rev. Mod. Phys. 52, 121 (1980).
8. B. Rossi, High-Energy Particles, Prentice-Hall, New York, NY, 1952.
9. R. D. Evans, The Atomic Nucleus, McGraw Hill, 1967.
10. W. Heitler, The Quantum Theory of Radiation, second edition, Oxford University Press,
1949.
11. P. Sigmund, Particle Penetration and Radiation Effects, Springer, 2006.
12. N. J. Carron, An Introduction to the Passage of Energetic Particles through Matter, Taylor
and Francis, 2007.
13. B. McParland, Medical radiation dosimetry: Theory of charged particle collision energy loss,
Springer, 2014.
14. N. Bohr, Philos. Mag. 25, 10 (1913).
15. N. Bohr, Philos. Mag. 30, 581 (1915).
16. H. Bethe, Ann. Phys. 5, 325 (1930).
17. H. Bethe, Z. Phys. 76, 293 (1932).
18. E. Fermi, Z. Phys. 29, 3157 (1924).
19. E. Fermi, Phys. Rev. 57, 485 (1940).
20. L. D. Landau, J. Phys. USSR 8, 201 (1944).
21. U. Fano, L. V. Spencer, and M. J. Berger, Penetration and Diffusion of X Rays, in Handbuch
der Physik, edited by S. Flügge, volume 38/2, Springer, 1959.
22. W. Rösch, E. Tochilin, and F. H. Attix, editors, Radiation Dosimetry; 2nd ed., Academic
Press, 1968.
23. F. Salvat and J. M. Fernandez-Varea, Metrologia 46, S112 (2009).
24. M. J. Berger et al., XCOM: Photon Cross Sections Database, https://www.nist.gov/pml/
xcom-photon-cross-sections-database.
25. J. Berkowitz, Atomic and molecular photo absorption, Academic Press, 2002.
26. N. Sakamoto et al., Oscillator Strength Spectra and Related Quantities of 9 Atoms and 23
Molecules Over the Entire Energy Region, NIFS-DATA-109, National Institute for Fusion
Science, 2010, available online at http://www.nifs.ac.jp/report/nifsdata.html.
27. B. L. Henke, E. M. Gullikson, and J. C. Davis, Atomic Data and Nucl. Data Tables 54, 181
(1993), available online at http://henke.lbl.gov/optical_constants/.
28. J.-J. Yeh and I. Lindau, Atomic Data and Nucl. Data Tables 32, 1 (1985).
41
where the parameters A, B, C are given by [112]
A =
0.81Z
−0.38
+ 0.18
× 10
−3 g cm
−2 keV
−1 ,
B = 0.21Z
−0.055
+ 0.78,
C =
1.1Z
0.29
+ 0.21
× 10
−3 keV
−1 .
References
1. U. Fano, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Sci. 13, 1 (1963).
2. M. Inokuti, Rev. Mod. Phys. 43, 297 (1971).
3. M. Inokuti, Rev. Mod. Phys. 50, 23 (1978).
4. H. Bichsel, Passage of Charged Particles Through Matter, in Amer. Instrum. Phys. Handbook,
edited by D. E. Gray, McGraw Hill, 1972.
5. R. J. Gould, Physica 62, 555 (1972).
6. W. W. M. Allison and J. H. Cobb, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 30, 253 (1980).
7. S. P. Ahlen, Rev. Mod. Phys. 52, 121 (1980).
8. B. Rossi, High-Energy Particles, Prentice-Hall, New York, NY, 1952.
9. R. D. Evans, The Atomic Nucleus, McGraw Hill, 1967.
10. W. Heitler, The Quantum Theory of Radiation, second edition, Oxford University Press,
1949.
11. P. Sigmund, Particle Penetration and Radiation Effects, Springer, 2006.
12. N. J. Carron, An Introduction to the Passage of Energetic Particles through Matter, Taylor
and Francis, 2007.
13. B. McParland, Medical radiation dosimetry: Theory of charged particle collision energy loss,
Springer, 2014.
14. N. Bohr, Philos. Mag. 25, 10 (1913).
15. N. Bohr, Philos. Mag. 30, 581 (1915).
16. H. Bethe, Ann. Phys. 5, 325 (1930).
17. H. Bethe, Z. Phys. 76, 293 (1932).
18. E. Fermi, Z. Phys. 29, 3157 (1924).
19. E. Fermi, Phys. Rev. 57, 485 (1940).
20. L. D. Landau, J. Phys. USSR 8, 201 (1944).
21. U. Fano, L. V. Spencer, and M. J. Berger, Penetration and Diffusion of X Rays, in Handbuch
der Physik, edited by S. Flügge, volume 38/2, Springer, 1959.
22. W. Rösch, E. Tochilin, and F. H. Attix, editors, Radiation Dosimetry; 2nd ed., Academic
Press, 1968.
23. F. Salvat and J. M. Fernandez-Varea, Metrologia 46, S112 (2009).
24. M. J. Berger et al., XCOM: Photon Cross Sections Database, https://www.nist.gov/pml/
xcom-photon-cross-sections-database.
25. J. Berkowitz, Atomic and molecular photo absorption, Academic Press, 2002.
26. N. Sakamoto et al., Oscillator Strength Spectra and Related Quantities of 9 Atoms and 23
Molecules Over the Entire Energy Region, NIFS-DATA-109, National Institute for Fusion
Science, 2010, available online at http://www.nifs.ac.jp/report/nifsdata.html.
27. B. L. Henke, E. M. Gullikson, and J. C. Davis, Atomic Data and Nucl. Data Tables 54, 181
(1993), available online at http://henke.lbl.gov/optical_constants/.
28. J.-J. Yeh and I. Lindau, Atomic Data and Nucl. Data Tables 32, 1 (1985).