Chapter 3
Luminescent Mechanochromism
of a Chiral Complex: Distinct Crystal
Structures and Color Changes
of Racemic and Homochiral Gold(I)
Isocyanide Complexes with a Binaphthyl
Moiety
Luminescent mechanochromism of a chiral gold(I) isocyanide complex bearing
binaphthyl moiety is investigated. Luminescent mechanochromism of a chiral gold(I)
isocyanide complex bearing binaphthyl moiety is investigated. The racemic and
homochiral forms of the gold(I) complex possess distinct crystal packing arrangements with different emission colors. Upon mechanical stimulation, both crystals
transform into amorphous powders that exhibit similar emission colors.
3.1 Introduction
The luminescence properties of mechanochromic solid-state materials are strongly
correlated with their molecular packing arrangements in the solid state [1, 2]. Thus,
controlling the molecular arrangements of mechanochromic compounds is important
to tune their emission properties. Taking advantage of polymorphism have been one
of method for revealing mechanochromism [2]. However, it is still difficult to predict,
design, and control the polymorphism.
Racemic and homochiral compounds often crystallize into different structures that
show different physical properties even though they have the same chemical composition. Wallach’s rule states that racemic crystals tend to be denser than their homochiral
equivalents [3]. Based on this viewpoint, crystals of racemic and homochiral compounds have been investigated with the aim of controlling the molecular packing
arrangement in the solid phase and the resulting physical properties [4].
In 1982, Roitman et al. [5a] reported that racemic and homochiral 1-phenylpropyl
9-anthroate crystals display obviously different emission properties. Numerous crystals with different enantiomer compositions that afford distinct emission properties
have been reported [5]. However, the different mechanochromic properties of racemic
and homochiral crystalline luminescent materials have not been investigated [6].
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
M. Jin, Novel Luminescent Crystalline Materials of Gold(I) Complexes
with Stimuli-Responsive Properties, Springer Theses,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4063-9_3
83
Luminescent Mechanochromism
of a Chiral Complex: Distinct Crystal
Structures and Color Changes
of Racemic and Homochiral Gold(I)
Isocyanide Complexes with a Binaphthyl
Moiety
Luminescent mechanochromism of a chiral gold(I) isocyanide complex bearing
binaphthyl moiety is investigated. Luminescent mechanochromism of a chiral gold(I)
isocyanide complex bearing binaphthyl moiety is investigated. The racemic and
homochiral forms of the gold(I) complex possess distinct crystal packing arrangements with different emission colors. Upon mechanical stimulation, both crystals
transform into amorphous powders that exhibit similar emission colors.
3.1 Introduction
The luminescence properties of mechanochromic solid-state materials are strongly
correlated with their molecular packing arrangements in the solid state [1, 2]. Thus,
controlling the molecular arrangements of mechanochromic compounds is important
to tune their emission properties. Taking advantage of polymorphism have been one
of method for revealing mechanochromism [2]. However, it is still difficult to predict,
design, and control the polymorphism.
Racemic and homochiral compounds often crystallize into different structures that
show different physical properties even though they have the same chemical composition. Wallach’s rule states that racemic crystals tend to be denser than their homochiral
equivalents [3]. Based on this viewpoint, crystals of racemic and homochiral compounds have been investigated with the aim of controlling the molecular packing
arrangement in the solid phase and the resulting physical properties [4].
In 1982, Roitman et al. [5a] reported that racemic and homochiral 1-phenylpropyl
9-anthroate crystals display obviously different emission properties. Numerous crystals with different enantiomer compositions that afford distinct emission properties
have been reported [5]. However, the different mechanochromic properties of racemic
and homochiral crystalline luminescent materials have not been investigated [6].
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
M. Jin, Novel Luminescent Crystalline Materials of Gold(I) Complexes
with Stimuli-Responsive Properties, Springer Theses,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4063-9_3
83