10. Antaris AL, Chen H, Diao S, Ma Z, Zhang Z, Zhu S, Wang J, Lozano AX, Fan Q, Chew L et al
(2017) A high quantum yield molecule-protein complex fluorophore for near-infrared II
imaging. Nat Commun 8:15269
11. Sun Y, Qu C, Chen H, He M, Tang C, Shou K, Hong S, Yang M, Jiang Y, Ding B et al (2016)
Novel benzo-bis(1,2,5-thiadiazole) fluorophores for in vivo NIR-II imaging of cancer. Chem
Sci 7(9):6203–6207
12. Zhang X-D, Wang H, Antaris AL, Li L, Diao S, Ma R, Nguyen A, Hong G, Ma Z, Wang J et al
(2016) Traumatic brain injury imaging in the second near-infrared window with a molecular
fluorophore. Adv Mater 28(32):6872–6879
13. Sun Y, Zeng X, Xiao Y, Liu C, Zhu H, Zhou H, Chen Z, Xu F, Wang J, Zhu M et al (2018)
Novel dual-function near-infrared II fluorescence and PET probe for tumor delineation and
image-guided surgery. Chem Sci 9(8):2092–2097
14. Zhu S, Yang Q, Antaris AL, Yue J, Ma Z, Wang H, Huang W, Wan H, Wang J, Diao S et al
(2017) Molecular imaging of biological systems with a clickable dye in the broad 800- to 1,700nm near-infrared window. Proc Natl Acad Sci 114(5):962–967
15. Feng Y, Zhu S, Antaris AL, Chen H, Xiao Y, Lu X, Jiang L, Diao S, Yu K, Wang Y et al (2017)
Live imaging of follicle stimulating hormone receptors in gonads and bones using near infrared
II fluorophore. Chem Sci 8(5):3703–3711
16. Shou K, Qu C, Sun Y, Chen H, Chen S, Zhang L, Xu H, Hong X, Yu A, Cheng Z (2017)
Multifunctional biomedical imaging in physiological and pathological conditions using a
NIR-II probe. Adv Funct Mater 27(23):1700995
17. Sun Y, Ding M, Zeng X, Xiao Y, Wu H, Zhou H, Ding B, Qu C, Hou W, Er-bu AGA et al
(2017) Novel bright-emission small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores for in vivo tumor imaging
and image-guided surgery. Chem Sci 8(5):3489–3493
18. Tao Z, Hong G, Shinji C, Chen C, Diao S, Antaris AL, Zhang B, Zou Y, Dai H (2013)
Biological imaging using nanoparticles of small organic molecules with fluorescence emission
at wavelengths longer than 1000 nm. Angew Chem Int Ed 52(49):13002–13006
19. Hong G, Robinson JT, Zhang Y, Diao S, Antaris AL, Wang Q, Dai H (2012) In vivo
fluorescence imaging with Ag2S quantum dots in the second near-infrared region. Angew
Chem 124(39):9956–9959
20. Li C, Zhang Y, Wang M, Zhang Y, Chen G, Li L, Wu D, Wang Q (2014) In vivo real-time
visualization of tissue blood flow and angiogenesis using Ag2S quantum dots in the NIR-II
window. Biomaterials 35(1):393–400
21. Chen G, Tian F, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li C, Wang Q (2014) Tracking of transplanted human
mesenchymal stem cells in living mice using near-infrared Ag2S quantum dots. Adv Funct
Mater 24(17):2481–2488
22. Tang R, Xue J, Xu B, Shen D, Sudlow GP, Achilefu S (2015) Tunable ultrasmall visible-toextended near-infrared emitting silver sulfide quantum dots for integrin-targeted cancer imaging. ACS Nano 9(1):220–230
23. Naczynski DJ, Tan MC, Zevon M, Wall B, Kohl J, Kulesa A, Chen S, Roth CM, Riman RE,
Moghe PV (2013) Rare-earth-doped biological composites as in vivo shortwave infrared
reporters. Nat Commun 4:1–10
24. Kamimura M, Kanayama N, Tokuzen K, Soga K, Nagasaki Y (2011) Near-infrared (1550 nm)
in vivo bioimaging based on rare-earth doped ceramic nanophosphors modified with PEG-bpoly(4-vinylbenzylphosphonate). Nanoscale 3(9):3705–3713
25. Zevon M, Ganapathy V, Kantamneni H, Mingozzi M, Kim P, Adler D, Sheng Y, Tan MC,
Pierce M, Riman RE et al (2015) CXCR-4 targeted, short wave infrared (SWIR) emitting
nanoprobes for enhanced deep tissue imaging and micrometastatic cancer lesion detection.
Small 11(47):6347–6357
26. Shao W, Chen G, Kuzmin A, Kutscher HL, Pliss A, Ohulchanskyy TY, Prasad PN (2016)
Tunable narrow band emissions from dye-sensitized core/shell/shell nanocrystals in the second
near-infrared biological window. J Am Chem Soc 138(50):16192–16195
Advancements of Second Near-Infrared Biological Window Fluorophores:. . .
119
(2017) A high quantum yield molecule-protein complex fluorophore for near-infrared II
imaging. Nat Commun 8:15269
11. Sun Y, Qu C, Chen H, He M, Tang C, Shou K, Hong S, Yang M, Jiang Y, Ding B et al (2016)
Novel benzo-bis(1,2,5-thiadiazole) fluorophores for in vivo NIR-II imaging of cancer. Chem
Sci 7(9):6203–6207
12. Zhang X-D, Wang H, Antaris AL, Li L, Diao S, Ma R, Nguyen A, Hong G, Ma Z, Wang J et al
(2016) Traumatic brain injury imaging in the second near-infrared window with a molecular
fluorophore. Adv Mater 28(32):6872–6879
13. Sun Y, Zeng X, Xiao Y, Liu C, Zhu H, Zhou H, Chen Z, Xu F, Wang J, Zhu M et al (2018)
Novel dual-function near-infrared II fluorescence and PET probe for tumor delineation and
image-guided surgery. Chem Sci 9(8):2092–2097
14. Zhu S, Yang Q, Antaris AL, Yue J, Ma Z, Wang H, Huang W, Wan H, Wang J, Diao S et al
(2017) Molecular imaging of biological systems with a clickable dye in the broad 800- to 1,700nm near-infrared window. Proc Natl Acad Sci 114(5):962–967
15. Feng Y, Zhu S, Antaris AL, Chen H, Xiao Y, Lu X, Jiang L, Diao S, Yu K, Wang Y et al (2017)
Live imaging of follicle stimulating hormone receptors in gonads and bones using near infrared
II fluorophore. Chem Sci 8(5):3703–3711
16. Shou K, Qu C, Sun Y, Chen H, Chen S, Zhang L, Xu H, Hong X, Yu A, Cheng Z (2017)
Multifunctional biomedical imaging in physiological and pathological conditions using a
NIR-II probe. Adv Funct Mater 27(23):1700995
17. Sun Y, Ding M, Zeng X, Xiao Y, Wu H, Zhou H, Ding B, Qu C, Hou W, Er-bu AGA et al
(2017) Novel bright-emission small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores for in vivo tumor imaging
and image-guided surgery. Chem Sci 8(5):3489–3493
18. Tao Z, Hong G, Shinji C, Chen C, Diao S, Antaris AL, Zhang B, Zou Y, Dai H (2013)
Biological imaging using nanoparticles of small organic molecules with fluorescence emission
at wavelengths longer than 1000 nm. Angew Chem Int Ed 52(49):13002–13006
19. Hong G, Robinson JT, Zhang Y, Diao S, Antaris AL, Wang Q, Dai H (2012) In vivo
fluorescence imaging with Ag2S quantum dots in the second near-infrared region. Angew
Chem 124(39):9956–9959
20. Li C, Zhang Y, Wang M, Zhang Y, Chen G, Li L, Wu D, Wang Q (2014) In vivo real-time
visualization of tissue blood flow and angiogenesis using Ag2S quantum dots in the NIR-II
window. Biomaterials 35(1):393–400
21. Chen G, Tian F, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li C, Wang Q (2014) Tracking of transplanted human
mesenchymal stem cells in living mice using near-infrared Ag2S quantum dots. Adv Funct
Mater 24(17):2481–2488
22. Tang R, Xue J, Xu B, Shen D, Sudlow GP, Achilefu S (2015) Tunable ultrasmall visible-toextended near-infrared emitting silver sulfide quantum dots for integrin-targeted cancer imaging. ACS Nano 9(1):220–230
23. Naczynski DJ, Tan MC, Zevon M, Wall B, Kohl J, Kulesa A, Chen S, Roth CM, Riman RE,
Moghe PV (2013) Rare-earth-doped biological composites as in vivo shortwave infrared
reporters. Nat Commun 4:1–10
24. Kamimura M, Kanayama N, Tokuzen K, Soga K, Nagasaki Y (2011) Near-infrared (1550 nm)
in vivo bioimaging based on rare-earth doped ceramic nanophosphors modified with PEG-bpoly(4-vinylbenzylphosphonate). Nanoscale 3(9):3705–3713
25. Zevon M, Ganapathy V, Kantamneni H, Mingozzi M, Kim P, Adler D, Sheng Y, Tan MC,
Pierce M, Riman RE et al (2015) CXCR-4 targeted, short wave infrared (SWIR) emitting
nanoprobes for enhanced deep tissue imaging and micrometastatic cancer lesion detection.
Small 11(47):6347–6357
26. Shao W, Chen G, Kuzmin A, Kutscher HL, Pliss A, Ohulchanskyy TY, Prasad PN (2016)
Tunable narrow band emissions from dye-sensitized core/shell/shell nanocrystals in the second
near-infrared biological window. J Am Chem Soc 138(50):16192–16195
Advancements of Second Near-Infrared Biological Window Fluorophores:. . .
119