efficiency (Bée et al. 2011). Penicillium chrysogenum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
nanoparticles were reported for the removal of Pb(II), Ni(II), Cr(III) and Cu(II).
6.8.6 Chitosan
Chitosan is extracted from the waste produced by shellfish industry. Chitosan is
linear polysaccharides consisting of deacetylated and acetylated units of D-glucosamine. It acts as a remarkable adsorbent because of exceptional properties chemical
stability, biocompatibility, cost effective, renewable, and non-toxic nature (Abou
El-Fadl and Abd El-Mohdy 2015). Enlisted properties show that chitosan has great
potential in the removal of wide range of heavy metals (Salam et al. 2009; Kyzas and
Deliyanni 2013). Chitosan contains various functional groups that include amino/
acetamido group and also have partial positive charge on its surface which enhance
its adsorption properties. Chitosan coated with magnetite nanoparticles shows high
adsorption properties and called as magnetized chitosan nanoparticles (MNCPs).
Because of the magnetic properties they can be easily recovered by applying external
magnetic field (Zhou et al. 2009; Nasirimoghaddam et al. 2015).
6.9
Conclusion
Nanotechnology provides new opportunities to establish more environment friendly
and cost-effective treatment. They have number of physical and chemical properties
which makes remarkable technique for waste treatment. Due to their unique
properties like large surface area, easy separation, and biocompatibility, they act as
an good adsorbent for heavy metal removal. The emergence nanotechnology has
provided us with a promising alternative to the traditional adsorbents for removing
heavy metals.
Acknowledgement Rajeev Kumar gratefully acknowledges the financial support for this work
from the DST-SERB “SB/EMEQ-042-2014” as well as U.G.C (F. No. 194-2/2016 New Delhi,
India).
References
Abou El-Fadl FI, Abd El-Mohdy HL (2015) Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions
by radiation-induced chitosan/(acrylamidoglycolic acid-coacrylic acid) magnetic
nanopolymers. Polym Eng Sci 55:1441–1449
Acheampong MA, Meulepas RJ, Lens PN (2010) Removal of heavy metals and cyanide from gold
mine wastewater. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 85:590–613
Adegoke HI, Amooadekola F, Fatoki OS et al (2014) Adsorption of Cr(VI) on synthetic hematite
(-Fe2O3) nanoparticles of different morphologies. Korean J Chem Eng 31:142–154
Ahmed NM, Yousef NS (2015) Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nano particles for the
removal of Cr (VI). Int J Sci Eng Res 6:1235–1243
6 Nanotechnology for the Remediation of Heavy Metals
159
nanoparticles were reported for the removal of Pb(II), Ni(II), Cr(III) and Cu(II).
6.8.6 Chitosan
Chitosan is extracted from the waste produced by shellfish industry. Chitosan is
linear polysaccharides consisting of deacetylated and acetylated units of D-glucosamine. It acts as a remarkable adsorbent because of exceptional properties chemical
stability, biocompatibility, cost effective, renewable, and non-toxic nature (Abou
El-Fadl and Abd El-Mohdy 2015). Enlisted properties show that chitosan has great
potential in the removal of wide range of heavy metals (Salam et al. 2009; Kyzas and
Deliyanni 2013). Chitosan contains various functional groups that include amino/
acetamido group and also have partial positive charge on its surface which enhance
its adsorption properties. Chitosan coated with magnetite nanoparticles shows high
adsorption properties and called as magnetized chitosan nanoparticles (MNCPs).
Because of the magnetic properties they can be easily recovered by applying external
magnetic field (Zhou et al. 2009; Nasirimoghaddam et al. 2015).
6.9
Conclusion
Nanotechnology provides new opportunities to establish more environment friendly
and cost-effective treatment. They have number of physical and chemical properties
which makes remarkable technique for waste treatment. Due to their unique
properties like large surface area, easy separation, and biocompatibility, they act as
an good adsorbent for heavy metal removal. The emergence nanotechnology has
provided us with a promising alternative to the traditional adsorbents for removing
heavy metals.
Acknowledgement Rajeev Kumar gratefully acknowledges the financial support for this work
from the DST-SERB “SB/EMEQ-042-2014” as well as U.G.C (F. No. 194-2/2016 New Delhi,
India).
References
Abou El-Fadl FI, Abd El-Mohdy HL (2015) Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions
by radiation-induced chitosan/(acrylamidoglycolic acid-coacrylic acid) magnetic
nanopolymers. Polym Eng Sci 55:1441–1449
Acheampong MA, Meulepas RJ, Lens PN (2010) Removal of heavy metals and cyanide from gold
mine wastewater. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 85:590–613
Adegoke HI, Amooadekola F, Fatoki OS et al (2014) Adsorption of Cr(VI) on synthetic hematite
(-Fe2O3) nanoparticles of different morphologies. Korean J Chem Eng 31:142–154
Ahmed NM, Yousef NS (2015) Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nano particles for the
removal of Cr (VI). Int J Sci Eng Res 6:1235–1243
6 Nanotechnology for the Remediation of Heavy Metals
159