1 Important Developments in the History of Ionic Liquids …
23
Another chemical supplier
52 developed ionic liquids that were somehow different
[83, 112]. As early as the 1990s, quaternary ammonium salts were investigated for
their performance as, among others, emulsifiers, dispersing agents, and antistatic
agents. Paint additives, so-called compatibilizers, were developed under a company
brand name
53 (named after Theodor Goldschmidt, who founded a chemical company in 1847). Notably, the use of quantum-chemical methods played a significant
role in experimental design. This firm also established a hydrosilylation process
of a polydimethysiloxane with an ionic liquid acting as a catalyst. In the biphasic
operation, the catalyst was dispersed in the ionic liquid phase, from which the pure
product separated as a new liquid phase with the ionic liquid phase remaining active.
In 2015, this firm reported a breakthrough in the application of SILP catalysts in
a commercial large-scale hydroformylation plant [113]. The catalyst consisted of a
rhodium complex with one ligand based on a polycyclic anthracenetriol structure.
The corresponding ionic liquid was an imidazolium cation with an anion based on a
binary amine. This SILP catalyst exhibited long-term stability of more than 2000 h
[113].
1.9 Conclusions
The tremendous research efforts over the past two decades focused on the field of ionic
liquids which has yielded a wealth of fundamental knowledge. Many applications in
chemistry, engineering, and material science are being studied; thousands of papers
and patents are being published; and new products and processes utilizing ionic
liquids are being commercialized. This book has brought together the contributions
by some of the foremost researchers to help scientists and engineers in the area
obtaining knowledge and understanding of the field’s broad interest and potential.
Ionic liquids have successfully entered various fields of industrial application.
There are not only big stakeholders in the ionic liquid market, but there are also
considerable segments for smaller and more specialized enterprises. Referring to the
enterprises discussed here, the market research report “Technology Advancements
in Ionic Liquids” issued by Frost and Sullivan and another market analysis by Grand
View Research specified seven key stakeholders and key players
54 [114, 115].
Finally, in this age where digital information is available in the palm of one’s
hand, the editors and authors still experience the joy and serendipity of reading a
physical book. We hope the readers will delve into all the chapters!
52 Degussa AG (Evonik Industries AG since 2007).
53 TEGO Dispers ® , Degussa AG (Evonik Industries AG since 2007).
54 BASF SE, IoLiTec GmbH, Merck KGaA, Proionic GmbH, Solvionic SA, Evonik Industries AG,
and QUILL.
23
Another chemical supplier
52 developed ionic liquids that were somehow different
[83, 112]. As early as the 1990s, quaternary ammonium salts were investigated for
their performance as, among others, emulsifiers, dispersing agents, and antistatic
agents. Paint additives, so-called compatibilizers, were developed under a company
brand name
53 (named after Theodor Goldschmidt, who founded a chemical company in 1847). Notably, the use of quantum-chemical methods played a significant
role in experimental design. This firm also established a hydrosilylation process
of a polydimethysiloxane with an ionic liquid acting as a catalyst. In the biphasic
operation, the catalyst was dispersed in the ionic liquid phase, from which the pure
product separated as a new liquid phase with the ionic liquid phase remaining active.
In 2015, this firm reported a breakthrough in the application of SILP catalysts in
a commercial large-scale hydroformylation plant [113]. The catalyst consisted of a
rhodium complex with one ligand based on a polycyclic anthracenetriol structure.
The corresponding ionic liquid was an imidazolium cation with an anion based on a
binary amine. This SILP catalyst exhibited long-term stability of more than 2000 h
[113].
1.9 Conclusions
The tremendous research efforts over the past two decades focused on the field of ionic
liquids which has yielded a wealth of fundamental knowledge. Many applications in
chemistry, engineering, and material science are being studied; thousands of papers
and patents are being published; and new products and processes utilizing ionic
liquids are being commercialized. This book has brought together the contributions
by some of the foremost researchers to help scientists and engineers in the area
obtaining knowledge and understanding of the field’s broad interest and potential.
Ionic liquids have successfully entered various fields of industrial application.
There are not only big stakeholders in the ionic liquid market, but there are also
considerable segments for smaller and more specialized enterprises. Referring to the
enterprises discussed here, the market research report “Technology Advancements
in Ionic Liquids” issued by Frost and Sullivan and another market analysis by Grand
View Research specified seven key stakeholders and key players
54 [114, 115].
Finally, in this age where digital information is available in the palm of one’s
hand, the editors and authors still experience the joy and serendipity of reading a
physical book. We hope the readers will delve into all the chapters!
52 Degussa AG (Evonik Industries AG since 2007).
53 TEGO Dispers ® , Degussa AG (Evonik Industries AG since 2007).
54 BASF SE, IoLiTec GmbH, Merck KGaA, Proionic GmbH, Solvionic SA, Evonik Industries AG,
and QUILL.