252
F. Hermanutz et al.
on IL-cellulose fibers due to the low space-time yield and mechanical properties with
PAN-based CF [82, 155]. However, CF properties still have to be improved to some
extent. Once tensile strengths >2.5 GPa and Young’s moduli >200 GPa have been
reached, PAN-based carbon fibers could be substituted stepwise by this ecologically
and economically amended alternative.
10.6 Conclusions
The examples in this chapter have summarized the processing of cellulose using
IL-technology, which is a promising research field with great potential for industrial
applications. Numerous ILs are available for the dissolution of cellulose matching all requirements for technical conversion. Spinning cellulosic fibers based on
the IL-technology is close to industrial conversion; the basics have been developed
and ongoing pressure to develop environmentally friendly technology will rapidly
increase the interest in this technology.
Based on the flexibility of the IL-based processing of cellulose, there is more
interest in developing cellulose-based materials, like ACCs and super-microfibers.
Likewise, ACCs can be used in lightweight construction. In addition to this, the
exploration of a new class of cellulose-based carbon fibers is made possible by
IL-derived cellulosic fibers.
References
1. Moon RJ, Martini A, Nairn J, Simonsen J, Youngblood J (2011) Chem Soc Rev 40:3941–3994.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cs00108b
2. Tsioptsias C, Stefopoulos A, Kokkinomalis I, Papadopoulou L, Panayiotou C (2008) Green
Chem 10:965–971. https://doi.org/10.1039/B803869D
3. Medronho B, Romano A, Miguel MG, Stigsson L, Lindman B (2012) Cellulose 19:581–587.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-011-9644-6
4. Fink H-P, Weigel P, Purz HJ, Ganster J (2001) Prog Polym Sci 26:1473–1524. https://doi.org/
10.1016/S0079-6700(01)00025-9
5. McCormick CL, Dawsey TR (1990) Macromolecules 23:3606–3610. https://doi.org/10.1021/
ma00217a011
6. Ciacco GT, Liebert TF, Frollini E, Heinze TJ (2003) Cellulose 10:125–132. https://doi.org/
10.1023/a:1024064018664
7. Swatloski RP, Spear SK, Holbrey JD, Rogers RD (2002) J Am Chem Soc 124:4974–4975.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ja025790m
8. Invs.: Swatloski RP, Rogers RD, Holbrey JD (2003) WO03029329
9. Bredereck K, Hermanutz F (2005) Rev Prog Color Relat Top 35:59–75. https://doi.org/10.
1111/j.1478-4408.2005.tb00160.x
10. Ingildeev D, Effenberger F, Bredereck K, Hermanutz F (2013) J Appl Polym Sci 128:4141–
4150. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.38470
11. Pang F-J, He C-J, Wang Q-R (2003) J Appl Polym Sci 90:3430–3436. https://doi.org/10.1002/
app.13063
F. Hermanutz et al.
on IL-cellulose fibers due to the low space-time yield and mechanical properties with
PAN-based CF [82, 155]. However, CF properties still have to be improved to some
extent. Once tensile strengths >2.5 GPa and Young’s moduli >200 GPa have been
reached, PAN-based carbon fibers could be substituted stepwise by this ecologically
and economically amended alternative.
10.6 Conclusions
The examples in this chapter have summarized the processing of cellulose using
IL-technology, which is a promising research field with great potential for industrial
applications. Numerous ILs are available for the dissolution of cellulose matching all requirements for technical conversion. Spinning cellulosic fibers based on
the IL-technology is close to industrial conversion; the basics have been developed
and ongoing pressure to develop environmentally friendly technology will rapidly
increase the interest in this technology.
Based on the flexibility of the IL-based processing of cellulose, there is more
interest in developing cellulose-based materials, like ACCs and super-microfibers.
Likewise, ACCs can be used in lightweight construction. In addition to this, the
exploration of a new class of cellulose-based carbon fibers is made possible by
IL-derived cellulosic fibers.
References
1. Moon RJ, Martini A, Nairn J, Simonsen J, Youngblood J (2011) Chem Soc Rev 40:3941–3994.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cs00108b
2. Tsioptsias C, Stefopoulos A, Kokkinomalis I, Papadopoulou L, Panayiotou C (2008) Green
Chem 10:965–971. https://doi.org/10.1039/B803869D
3. Medronho B, Romano A, Miguel MG, Stigsson L, Lindman B (2012) Cellulose 19:581–587.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-011-9644-6
4. Fink H-P, Weigel P, Purz HJ, Ganster J (2001) Prog Polym Sci 26:1473–1524. https://doi.org/
10.1016/S0079-6700(01)00025-9
5. McCormick CL, Dawsey TR (1990) Macromolecules 23:3606–3610. https://doi.org/10.1021/
ma00217a011
6. Ciacco GT, Liebert TF, Frollini E, Heinze TJ (2003) Cellulose 10:125–132. https://doi.org/
10.1023/a:1024064018664
7. Swatloski RP, Spear SK, Holbrey JD, Rogers RD (2002) J Am Chem Soc 124:4974–4975.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ja025790m
8. Invs.: Swatloski RP, Rogers RD, Holbrey JD (2003) WO03029329
9. Bredereck K, Hermanutz F (2005) Rev Prog Color Relat Top 35:59–75. https://doi.org/10.
1111/j.1478-4408.2005.tb00160.x
10. Ingildeev D, Effenberger F, Bredereck K, Hermanutz F (2013) J Appl Polym Sci 128:4141–
4150. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.38470
11. Pang F-J, He C-J, Wang Q-R (2003) J Appl Polym Sci 90:3430–3436. https://doi.org/10.1002/
app.13063