Eq. (5) for the monthly time intervals (Volchak1986). Based on the modal analysis of the
available initial data from the actinometrical stations, the quantitative relation of the monthly
values of the positive component of the radiation
balance with the air humidity deficit was calculated. It is noteworthy that for all geographical
areas, the type of relation is constant in general.
The reasons for nonlinearity and hysteresis in this
context are that the positive component of the
radiation balance is one of the components of
Eq. (5), which has warmth expenditure on evaporation, turbulent warmth exchange with the
atmosphere and change the warmth content of the
soil. The deficit of air humidity only characterizes
the intensity of turbulent exchange with the
atmosphere. In accordance with the sign of
warmth transfer in soils and the intensity of
warmth spent for evaporation changes of air
humidity deficit in the first half of the year occurs
on the convex curve and in the second—on the
line. The effect of hysteresis increases with the
continentality increasing, i.e. for the Neman River
basin it means moving from North to South and
from West to East.
The dependencies are corrected according to
the available initial data for the conditions of the
Neman River basin. An analytical approximation
of the ascending and descending branches of the
hysteresis was found.
Table 3.1 Hydrological
stations
River
Station
Coordinates
Basin area,
km
2
Longitude
Latitude
Neman
Stolbtsy
26° 42′ 56″ E
53° 28′ 43″ N
3070
Neman
Mosty
24° 32′ 10″ E
53° 24′ 11″ N
25600
Neman
Grodno
23° 48′ 23″ E
53° 40′ 43″ N
33600
Isloch
Borovikovshina 26° 44′ 16″ E
53° 57′ 26″ N
624
Gavya
Lubiniata
25° 38′ 40″ E
53° 59′ 26″ N
920
Schara
Slonim
25° 19′ 37″ E
53° 04′ 56″ N
4860
Svisloch
Sukhaya Dolina 24° 01′ 33″ E
53° 28′ 04″ N
1720
Vilija
Steshytsy
27° 23′ 39″ E
54° 33′ 50″ N
1200
Vilija
Mikhalishki
26° 09′ 59″ E
54° 48′ 50″ N
10300
Naroch
Naroch
26° 43′ 33″ E
54° 33′ 24″ N
1480
Oshmyanka Bolshiye
Yatsiny
26° 12′ 57″ E
54° 44′ 27″ N
1480
Dubysa
Lyduvenai
23° 5′ 14.1″ E 55° 30′ 23.1″ N
1134
Jūra
Taurage
22° 16′ 45.0″ E 55° 15′ 4.0″ N
1664
Merkys
Puvociai
24° 18′ 12.0″ E 54° 7′ 4.3″ N
4300
Šešupė
K. Naujamestis
22° 51′ 49.2″ E 54° 46′ 37.5″ N
3179
Minija
Kartena
21° 28′ 48.2″ E 55° 54′ 59.2″ N
1230
Šventoji
Anykščiai
25° 5′ 52.7″ E 55° 31′ 29.9″ N
3600
Šventoji
Ukmerge
24° 46′ 8.0″ E 55° 14′ 48.0″ N
5440
Žeimena
Pabrade
25° 46′ 21.0″ E 54° 59′ 1.7″ N
2580
Nemunas
Druskininkai
23° 58′ 48.7″ E 54° 1′ 9.4″ N
37100
Nemunas
Nemajūnai
24° 4′ 26.3″ E 54° 33′ 14.8″ N
42800
Nemunas
Smalininkai
22° 35′ 15.6″ E 55° 4′ 22.3″ N
81200
Neris
Vilnius
25° 16′ 36.5″ E 54° 41′ 31.1″ N
15200
Neris
Jonava
24° 16′ 54.9″ E 55°4′ 10.2″ N
24600
16
A. A. Volchak and S. Parfomuk
available initial data from the actinometrical stations, the quantitative relation of the monthly
values of the positive component of the radiation
balance with the air humidity deficit was calculated. It is noteworthy that for all geographical
areas, the type of relation is constant in general.
The reasons for nonlinearity and hysteresis in this
context are that the positive component of the
radiation balance is one of the components of
Eq. (5), which has warmth expenditure on evaporation, turbulent warmth exchange with the
atmosphere and change the warmth content of the
soil. The deficit of air humidity only characterizes
the intensity of turbulent exchange with the
atmosphere. In accordance with the sign of
warmth transfer in soils and the intensity of
warmth spent for evaporation changes of air
humidity deficit in the first half of the year occurs
on the convex curve and in the second—on the
line. The effect of hysteresis increases with the
continentality increasing, i.e. for the Neman River
basin it means moving from North to South and
from West to East.
The dependencies are corrected according to
the available initial data for the conditions of the
Neman River basin. An analytical approximation
of the ascending and descending branches of the
hysteresis was found.
Table 3.1 Hydrological
stations
River
Station
Coordinates
Basin area,
km
2
Longitude
Latitude
Neman
Stolbtsy
26° 42′ 56″ E
53° 28′ 43″ N
3070
Neman
Mosty
24° 32′ 10″ E
53° 24′ 11″ N
25600
Neman
Grodno
23° 48′ 23″ E
53° 40′ 43″ N
33600
Isloch
Borovikovshina 26° 44′ 16″ E
53° 57′ 26″ N
624
Gavya
Lubiniata
25° 38′ 40″ E
53° 59′ 26″ N
920
Schara
Slonim
25° 19′ 37″ E
53° 04′ 56″ N
4860
Svisloch
Sukhaya Dolina 24° 01′ 33″ E
53° 28′ 04″ N
1720
Vilija
Steshytsy
27° 23′ 39″ E
54° 33′ 50″ N
1200
Vilija
Mikhalishki
26° 09′ 59″ E
54° 48′ 50″ N
10300
Naroch
Naroch
26° 43′ 33″ E
54° 33′ 24″ N
1480
Oshmyanka Bolshiye
Yatsiny
26° 12′ 57″ E
54° 44′ 27″ N
1480
Dubysa
Lyduvenai
23° 5′ 14.1″ E 55° 30′ 23.1″ N
1134
Jūra
Taurage
22° 16′ 45.0″ E 55° 15′ 4.0″ N
1664
Merkys
Puvociai
24° 18′ 12.0″ E 54° 7′ 4.3″ N
4300
Šešupė
K. Naujamestis
22° 51′ 49.2″ E 54° 46′ 37.5″ N
3179
Minija
Kartena
21° 28′ 48.2″ E 55° 54′ 59.2″ N
1230
Šventoji
Anykščiai
25° 5′ 52.7″ E 55° 31′ 29.9″ N
3600
Šventoji
Ukmerge
24° 46′ 8.0″ E 55° 14′ 48.0″ N
5440
Žeimena
Pabrade
25° 46′ 21.0″ E 54° 59′ 1.7″ N
2580
Nemunas
Druskininkai
23° 58′ 48.7″ E 54° 1′ 9.4″ N
37100
Nemunas
Nemajūnai
24° 4′ 26.3″ E 54° 33′ 14.8″ N
42800
Nemunas
Smalininkai
22° 35′ 15.6″ E 55° 4′ 22.3″ N
81200
Neris
Vilnius
25° 16′ 36.5″ E 54° 41′ 31.1″ N
15200
Neris
Jonava
24° 16′ 54.9″ E 55°4′ 10.2″ N
24600
16
A. A. Volchak and S. Parfomuk