“the blue”—parameters are not updated or are
in condition that definitely indicates that the
channel or sensor are not in the ready to work
position;
and “the red”—is produced in case of simultaneous transition of no less than 4 from 6
crayfish “on duty” from normal state to the disturbed state. In that case, the sharp and simultaneous increase of some of the mentioned above
parameters: HR, SI and/or dHR/dt, can indicate
possible toxicity of the incoming water. The later
requires measurements for further detailed clarification of the origin and reasons of such an
increase with support of water analysis in specialized laboratories.
Waterworks operation algorithm in case of
toxic substances detection in the water at water
supply stations:
– real-time detection of the toxic substance in
the water of water supply facilities using
bioelectronic system for permanent automatic
bioindication of the water quality;
– automatic water sampling in fist lift pumping
stations when a signal on the toxicological
hazard in the water source is received;
– emergency delivery and analysis of the
samples in the chemical and bacteriological
laboratories of waterworks and authorized
organizations to determine the origin and
approximate concentration of toxic substances in the water of the first lift pumping
station;
– water supply interruption from the first lift
pumping station to the treatment facilities
while simultaneous feeding powder sorbent
into the wells at first lift pumping stations to
remove toxic substances as well as making
decision for the possibility to supply city from
the reservoirs of treated water;
– water sampling and analysis of toxic substances in the chemical and bacteriological
laboratories of waterworks and authorized
organizations for the above-mentioned locations with 1 h periodicity for each sampling
point;
– in case of negative result of the water samples
analysis for the detected substance at least in
two successive samples—the resumption of
the water supply from the first intake of
pumping station to the treatment facilities.
10.3 Typical Cardiac Responses
of Crayfish Astacus
Leptodactylus to Various
Stressors
The factors causing a stress (stressor) induce
similar biological reaction of an organism to a
stress (Selje 1979). Stressor imposes requirement
to change the organism’s systems. This requirement is not specific and it consists of adaptation
processes. In other words, except specific effect,
all agents influencing organism cause as well the
non-specific reaction following by the restore the
normal (undisturbed) state.
In Fig. 10.4, the typical course of adaptation
in organismal level is presented under influence
of extreme factor of the environment.
The dotted circle in Fig. 10.4 indicates the
alarm (arousal) reaction of the organism to disturbance, which serves as indicative point for the
production of alarm signal in the suggested
monitoring system.
Fig. 10.4 Changes in the
state of biological system
caused by a long-term
environmental stressor
10 Industrial Operation of the Biological …
133
in condition that definitely indicates that the
channel or sensor are not in the ready to work
position;
and “the red”—is produced in case of simultaneous transition of no less than 4 from 6
crayfish “on duty” from normal state to the disturbed state. In that case, the sharp and simultaneous increase of some of the mentioned above
parameters: HR, SI and/or dHR/dt, can indicate
possible toxicity of the incoming water. The later
requires measurements for further detailed clarification of the origin and reasons of such an
increase with support of water analysis in specialized laboratories.
Waterworks operation algorithm in case of
toxic substances detection in the water at water
supply stations:
– real-time detection of the toxic substance in
the water of water supply facilities using
bioelectronic system for permanent automatic
bioindication of the water quality;
– automatic water sampling in fist lift pumping
stations when a signal on the toxicological
hazard in the water source is received;
– emergency delivery and analysis of the
samples in the chemical and bacteriological
laboratories of waterworks and authorized
organizations to determine the origin and
approximate concentration of toxic substances in the water of the first lift pumping
station;
– water supply interruption from the first lift
pumping station to the treatment facilities
while simultaneous feeding powder sorbent
into the wells at first lift pumping stations to
remove toxic substances as well as making
decision for the possibility to supply city from
the reservoirs of treated water;
– water sampling and analysis of toxic substances in the chemical and bacteriological
laboratories of waterworks and authorized
organizations for the above-mentioned locations with 1 h periodicity for each sampling
point;
– in case of negative result of the water samples
analysis for the detected substance at least in
two successive samples—the resumption of
the water supply from the first intake of
pumping station to the treatment facilities.
10.3 Typical Cardiac Responses
of Crayfish Astacus
Leptodactylus to Various
Stressors
The factors causing a stress (stressor) induce
similar biological reaction of an organism to a
stress (Selje 1979). Stressor imposes requirement
to change the organism’s systems. This requirement is not specific and it consists of adaptation
processes. In other words, except specific effect,
all agents influencing organism cause as well the
non-specific reaction following by the restore the
normal (undisturbed) state.
In Fig. 10.4, the typical course of adaptation
in organismal level is presented under influence
of extreme factor of the environment.
The dotted circle in Fig. 10.4 indicates the
alarm (arousal) reaction of the organism to disturbance, which serves as indicative point for the
production of alarm signal in the suggested
monitoring system.
Fig. 10.4 Changes in the
state of biological system
caused by a long-term
environmental stressor
10 Industrial Operation of the Biological …
133