densities, inclusion of hardeners with large number of reactive functional groups,
and a high decomposition temperature. Although there are some intensive studies on
the relationship between flame retardants and dripping behavior, there is still room
for development in improving the anti-dripping and FR activity of polymers and
nanocomposites.
6.2 The Relationship Between Char Formation
and Morphology Development in Fire Retardant
Activities
The analysis of char morphology is also important as morphological features allow
the prediction of FR mechanisms. The FR activities of epoxy resins with and
without FR are evaluated. In the presence of FRs, the resins exhibited strong char
formation, which hinders further flammability and prevents the release of combustible components. The char layer also acts as a barrier to oxygen attacking the
underlying polymer substrate, consequently weakening the flame, as schematically
Scheme 6.1 Synthesis of DTA and PDAP from 1,4-dibenzene [18, 20]. Reproduced with permission from Elsevier Science Ltd
6.1 Relationship Between the Melting Dripping Characteristics …
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