347
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. F. Hossain, Global Sustainability in Energy, Building, Infrastructure,
Transportation, and Water Technology,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62376-0_16
Chapter 16
Sustainable Cities and Communities
Abstract Photon energy has been implemented to design all buildings and houses
where at least 25% of its exterior curtain skin wall could be used as the acting photovoltaics (PV) panel to trap the solar energy to transform into electricity to satisfy
its net energy demand without any outsource connection in order to develop sustainable cities and communities. Given the current rate of conventional fuel consumption, atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) are increasing rapidly where
the building and housing sector of traditionally built cities and communities alone
is responsible for 40% of GHG emission. These GHGs ultimately cause environmental vulnerability such as climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, acid
rain, flooding, and air toxicity which threaten the survival of all living beings in
urban communities. Therefore, the mechanism of photo-physical transformation by
the acting PV panel of the buildings and houses of exterior skin in all cities and
communities in response to solar radiation shall indeed would be a cutting-edge
technology to confirm to develop sustainable cities and communities.
Keywords Global environmental vulnerability · Solar radiation · PV panel acting
as building skin · Clean energy production · Climate change mitigation ·
Sustainable cities and community
Introduction
Massive development of conventional cities and communities throughout the
world is consuming fossil energy tremendously. Consequently, it is causing severe
environmental perplexity such as acid deposition, stratospheric ozone depletion,
and climate change severely where traditional cities and community development
alone are responsible for 40% of this environmental and climate change disaster
[1–3]. Besides, conventional energy deposition is getting to a finite level. At present the total amount of fossil fuel reserved in the whole world is 36,600 EJ (crude
oil 1.65 × 10
11
t or unit energy 4.2 × 10
10
J/t is equivalent to 6930 EJ; natural gas
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. F. Hossain, Global Sustainability in Energy, Building, Infrastructure,
Transportation, and Water Technology,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62376-0_16
Chapter 16
Sustainable Cities and Communities
Abstract Photon energy has been implemented to design all buildings and houses
where at least 25% of its exterior curtain skin wall could be used as the acting photovoltaics (PV) panel to trap the solar energy to transform into electricity to satisfy
its net energy demand without any outsource connection in order to develop sustainable cities and communities. Given the current rate of conventional fuel consumption, atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) are increasing rapidly where
the building and housing sector of traditionally built cities and communities alone
is responsible for 40% of GHG emission. These GHGs ultimately cause environmental vulnerability such as climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, acid
rain, flooding, and air toxicity which threaten the survival of all living beings in
urban communities. Therefore, the mechanism of photo-physical transformation by
the acting PV panel of the buildings and houses of exterior skin in all cities and
communities in response to solar radiation shall indeed would be a cutting-edge
technology to confirm to develop sustainable cities and communities.
Keywords Global environmental vulnerability · Solar radiation · PV panel acting
as building skin · Clean energy production · Climate change mitigation ·
Sustainable cities and community
Introduction
Massive development of conventional cities and communities throughout the
world is consuming fossil energy tremendously. Consequently, it is causing severe
environmental perplexity such as acid deposition, stratospheric ozone depletion,
and climate change severely where traditional cities and community development
alone are responsible for 40% of this environmental and climate change disaster
[1–3]. Besides, conventional energy deposition is getting to a finite level. At present the total amount of fossil fuel reserved in the whole world is 36,600 EJ (crude
oil 1.65 × 10
11
t or unit energy 4.2 × 10
10
J/t is equivalent to 6930 EJ; natural gas