164
E
Electrical double layer
capacitance of Au, 5
double-layer capacitance, 4
metal–/liquid–electrolyte interface, 5
metal–electrolyte interface, 4
PZC, 4
solvated anions, 3
zero charge, 4
Electrocatalysis, 1, 15, 27
structural effects, 27
Electrocatalysts, 161
Electrocatalytic effects, 47
Electrocatalytic reactions, 16, 29, 83
catalyst, 15
catalyst activity, 16
electrode material, 15
kinetics, 15
ORR, 16
volcano plot, 16
Electrochemical drop cell, 52
Electrochemical energy conversion, 19, 40
Electrochemical interfaces, 1
Electrochemical measurements, 73
Electrochemical reactions, 6
Electrochemistry, 1
Electrode, 27
Electrode–electrolyte interfaces
electrons, 2
metal electrode, 2
Electrode material, 15
Electrode potential, 1, 16
Electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), 91
Electron transfer, 16
Electronic effects, 49
Electron-transfer reaction, 7
Ethanol electrooxidation
electrode, 141
in situ IRRAS spectra, 143
Pt ML nanocatalysts, 142
Ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), 71–73
European Hermes Project, 23
Ex situ techniques, 90
EXAFS spectrum, 95
F
Faraday constant, 7
Flame-annealing method, 31
Formic acid (FA) oxidation reaction, 74–76
Formic acid oxidation, 159
Fourier transformation, 94
Fuel cell technology, 161
Fuel cells, 21
AFC, 23
electrodes, 23
low-temperature, 22
MCFCs, 25
PEM fuel cells, 22
PEMFCs, 23
phosphoric acid, 24
SOFC, 24
Fuel-cell tests, 109, 123
G
Galvani potentials, 2
Galvanic displacement, 85
Gas diffusion layer (GDL), 88
Gibbs free energy, 2
H
H adsorption process, 36
HAADF-STEM images, 92
Helmholtz plane (OHP), 6
High-activity electrocatalysts, 115
High-angle annular dark-field (HAADF), 130
High-index faces, 30
High-index planes, 27, 29
High-resolution transmission electron
microscopy (HRTEM), 115
Hydrocarbons, 25
Hydrogen adsorption, 11, 36, 38, 41, 68,
131, 159
hydrogen adsorbs, 35
metal surface, 35
nonnoble metals, 35
oxygen evolutions, 36
Hydrogen evolution, 15, 37, 49
Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), 36,
57, 64–66
Hydrogen oxidation reaction
(HOR), 57
CO tolerance, 68, 69
electrochemical reaction systems, 67
free energy, 68
H 2 oxidation, 67
high energetic efficiency, 67
metal ions, 68
renewable energy technologies, 68
UPD process, 68
volmer one-electron oxidation
processes, 67
zero-emission fuel cell, 67
Hydrogen oxidation/reduction
alkaline solutions, 135
submonolayer, 135
Index
E
Electrical double layer
capacitance of Au, 5
double-layer capacitance, 4
metal–/liquid–electrolyte interface, 5
metal–electrolyte interface, 4
PZC, 4
solvated anions, 3
zero charge, 4
Electrocatalysis, 1, 15, 27
structural effects, 27
Electrocatalysts, 161
Electrocatalytic effects, 47
Electrocatalytic reactions, 16, 29, 83
catalyst, 15
catalyst activity, 16
electrode material, 15
kinetics, 15
ORR, 16
volcano plot, 16
Electrochemical drop cell, 52
Electrochemical energy conversion, 19, 40
Electrochemical interfaces, 1
Electrochemical measurements, 73
Electrochemical reactions, 6
Electrochemistry, 1
Electrode, 27
Electrode–electrolyte interfaces
electrons, 2
metal electrode, 2
Electrode material, 15
Electrode potential, 1, 16
Electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), 91
Electron transfer, 16
Electronic effects, 49
Electron-transfer reaction, 7
Ethanol electrooxidation
electrode, 141
in situ IRRAS spectra, 143
Pt ML nanocatalysts, 142
Ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), 71–73
European Hermes Project, 23
Ex situ techniques, 90
EXAFS spectrum, 95
F
Faraday constant, 7
Flame-annealing method, 31
Formic acid (FA) oxidation reaction, 74–76
Formic acid oxidation, 159
Fourier transformation, 94
Fuel cell technology, 161
Fuel cells, 21
AFC, 23
electrodes, 23
low-temperature, 22
MCFCs, 25
PEM fuel cells, 22
PEMFCs, 23
phosphoric acid, 24
SOFC, 24
Fuel-cell tests, 109, 123
G
Galvani potentials, 2
Galvanic displacement, 85
Gas diffusion layer (GDL), 88
Gibbs free energy, 2
H
H adsorption process, 36
HAADF-STEM images, 92
Helmholtz plane (OHP), 6
High-activity electrocatalysts, 115
High-angle annular dark-field (HAADF), 130
High-index faces, 30
High-index planes, 27, 29
High-resolution transmission electron
microscopy (HRTEM), 115
Hydrocarbons, 25
Hydrogen adsorption, 11, 36, 38, 41, 68,
131, 159
hydrogen adsorbs, 35
metal surface, 35
nonnoble metals, 35
oxygen evolutions, 36
Hydrogen evolution, 15, 37, 49
Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), 36,
57, 64–66
Hydrogen oxidation reaction
(HOR), 57
CO tolerance, 68, 69
electrochemical reaction systems, 67
free energy, 68
H 2 oxidation, 67
high energetic efficiency, 67
metal ions, 68
renewable energy technologies, 68
UPD process, 68
volmer one-electron oxidation
processes, 67
zero-emission fuel cell, 67
Hydrogen oxidation/reduction
alkaline solutions, 135
submonolayer, 135
Index