63. Nicolson SW, Nepi M, Pacini E (2007) Nectaries and nectar. Springer, New York
64. Guffa B, Nedić N, Dabić Zagorac DČ, Tosti TB, Gašić UM, Natić MM, Fotirić Akšić MM
(2017) Characterization of sugar and polyphenolic diversity in floral nectar of different
‘Oblačinska’ sour cherry clones. Chem Biodivers 14:e1700061. https://doi.org/10.1002/
cbdv.201700061
65. De La Barrera E, Nobel PS (2004) Nectar: properties, floral aspects, and speculations on
origin. Trends Plant Sci 9:65–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2003.12.003
66. Heil M (2011) Nectar: generation, regulation and ecological functions. Trends Plant Sci
16:191–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2011.01.003
67. Bertazzini M, Forlani G (2016) Intraspecific variability of floral nectar volume and composition in rapeseed (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera). Front Plant Sci 7:art. 288. https://doi.org/
10.3389/fpls.2016.00288
68. Frey-Wyssling A (1955) The phloem supply to the nectaries. Acta Bot Neerl 4:358–369.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1955.tb00337.x
69. Galetto L, Bernardello G (2005) Nectar. In: Dafni A, Kevan P, Husband BC (eds) Practical
pollination biology, 1st edn. Enviroquest, Cambridge
70. Antoñ S, Denisow B (2014) Nectar production and carbohydrate composition across floral
sexual phases: contrasting patterns in two protandrous Aconitum species (Delphinieae,
Ranunculaceae). Flora 209:464–470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2014.07.001
71. Lu NN, Li XH, Li L, Zhao ZG (2015) Variation of nectar production in relation to plant
characteristics in protandrous Aconitum gymnandrum. J Plant Ecol 8:122–129. https://doi.org/
10.1093/jpe/rtv020
72. Petanidou T, van Laere AJ, Smets E (1996) Change in floral nectar components from fresh to
senescent flowers of Capparis spinosa (Capparidaceae), a nocturnally flowering Mediterranean shrub. Plant Syst Evol 199:79–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00985919
73. Meier U, Graf H, Hack H, Heß M, Kennel W, Klose R, Mappes D, Seipp D, Stauß R, Streif J,
van den Boom T (1994) Phänologische Entwick-lungsstadien des Kernobstes (Malus
domestica Borkh. und Pyrus communis L.), des Steinobstes (Prunus-Arten), der Johannisbeere
(Ribes-Arten) und der Erdbeere (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). Nachrichtenbl Dtsch
Pflanzenschutzdienstes (Braunschweig, Ger.) 46:141–153. https://ojs.openagrar.de/index.
php/NachrichtenblattDPD/issue/view/1354. Accessed 25 Aug 2018
74. Chalcoff VR, Aizen MA, Galetto L (2006) Nectar concentration and composition of 26 species
from the temperate forest of South America. Ann Bot 97:413–421. https://doi.org/10.1093/
aob/mcj043
75. Heil M, Rattke J, Boland W (2005) Postsecretory hydrolysis of nectar sucrose and specialization in ant/plant mutualism. Science 308:560–563. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1107536
76. Perret M, Chautems A, Spichiger R, Peixoto M, Savolainen V (2001) Nectar sugar composition in relation to pollination syndromes in Sinningieae (Gesneriaceae). Ann Bot 87:267–273.
https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.2000.1331
77. Lammers TG, Freeman CE (1986) Ornithophily among the Hawaiian Lobelioideae
(Campanulaceae): evidence from floral nectar sugar composition. Am J Bot 73:1613–1619.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2443929
78. Elisens WJ, Freeman CE (1988) Floral nectar sugar composition and pollinator type among
New World genera in tribe Antirrhineae (Scrophulariaceae). Am J Bot 75:971–978. https://doi.
org/10.2307/2443763
79. Stiles FG, Freeman CE (1993) Patterns in floral nectar characteristics of some bird-visited
plant species from Costa Rica. Biotropica 25:191–205. https://doi.org/10.2307/2389183
80. Galetto L, Bernardello G, Sosa CA (1998) The relationship between floral nectar composition
and visitors in Lycium (Solanaceae) from Argentina and Chile: what does it reflect. Flora
193:303–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-2530(17)30851-4
81. Roy R, Schmitt AJ, Thomas JB, Carter CJ (2017) Review: nectar biology: from molecules to
ecosystems. Plant Sci 262:148–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.04.012
82. Baker H, Baker I (1983) A brief historical review of chemistry of floral nectar. In: Bentley BL
(ed) The biology of nectaries, 1st edn. Columbia University Press, New York
29 Sugar and Polyphenolic Diversity in Floral Nectar of Cherry
771
64. Guffa B, Nedić N, Dabić Zagorac DČ, Tosti TB, Gašić UM, Natić MM, Fotirić Akšić MM
(2017) Characterization of sugar and polyphenolic diversity in floral nectar of different
‘Oblačinska’ sour cherry clones. Chem Biodivers 14:e1700061. https://doi.org/10.1002/
cbdv.201700061
65. De La Barrera E, Nobel PS (2004) Nectar: properties, floral aspects, and speculations on
origin. Trends Plant Sci 9:65–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2003.12.003
66. Heil M (2011) Nectar: generation, regulation and ecological functions. Trends Plant Sci
16:191–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2011.01.003
67. Bertazzini M, Forlani G (2016) Intraspecific variability of floral nectar volume and composition in rapeseed (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera). Front Plant Sci 7:art. 288. https://doi.org/
10.3389/fpls.2016.00288
68. Frey-Wyssling A (1955) The phloem supply to the nectaries. Acta Bot Neerl 4:358–369.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1955.tb00337.x
69. Galetto L, Bernardello G (2005) Nectar. In: Dafni A, Kevan P, Husband BC (eds) Practical
pollination biology, 1st edn. Enviroquest, Cambridge
70. Antoñ S, Denisow B (2014) Nectar production and carbohydrate composition across floral
sexual phases: contrasting patterns in two protandrous Aconitum species (Delphinieae,
Ranunculaceae). Flora 209:464–470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2014.07.001
71. Lu NN, Li XH, Li L, Zhao ZG (2015) Variation of nectar production in relation to plant
characteristics in protandrous Aconitum gymnandrum. J Plant Ecol 8:122–129. https://doi.org/
10.1093/jpe/rtv020
72. Petanidou T, van Laere AJ, Smets E (1996) Change in floral nectar components from fresh to
senescent flowers of Capparis spinosa (Capparidaceae), a nocturnally flowering Mediterranean shrub. Plant Syst Evol 199:79–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00985919
73. Meier U, Graf H, Hack H, Heß M, Kennel W, Klose R, Mappes D, Seipp D, Stauß R, Streif J,
van den Boom T (1994) Phänologische Entwick-lungsstadien des Kernobstes (Malus
domestica Borkh. und Pyrus communis L.), des Steinobstes (Prunus-Arten), der Johannisbeere
(Ribes-Arten) und der Erdbeere (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). Nachrichtenbl Dtsch
Pflanzenschutzdienstes (Braunschweig, Ger.) 46:141–153. https://ojs.openagrar.de/index.
php/NachrichtenblattDPD/issue/view/1354. Accessed 25 Aug 2018
74. Chalcoff VR, Aizen MA, Galetto L (2006) Nectar concentration and composition of 26 species
from the temperate forest of South America. Ann Bot 97:413–421. https://doi.org/10.1093/
aob/mcj043
75. Heil M, Rattke J, Boland W (2005) Postsecretory hydrolysis of nectar sucrose and specialization in ant/plant mutualism. Science 308:560–563. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1107536
76. Perret M, Chautems A, Spichiger R, Peixoto M, Savolainen V (2001) Nectar sugar composition in relation to pollination syndromes in Sinningieae (Gesneriaceae). Ann Bot 87:267–273.
https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.2000.1331
77. Lammers TG, Freeman CE (1986) Ornithophily among the Hawaiian Lobelioideae
(Campanulaceae): evidence from floral nectar sugar composition. Am J Bot 73:1613–1619.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2443929
78. Elisens WJ, Freeman CE (1988) Floral nectar sugar composition and pollinator type among
New World genera in tribe Antirrhineae (Scrophulariaceae). Am J Bot 75:971–978. https://doi.
org/10.2307/2443763
79. Stiles FG, Freeman CE (1993) Patterns in floral nectar characteristics of some bird-visited
plant species from Costa Rica. Biotropica 25:191–205. https://doi.org/10.2307/2389183
80. Galetto L, Bernardello G, Sosa CA (1998) The relationship between floral nectar composition
and visitors in Lycium (Solanaceae) from Argentina and Chile: what does it reflect. Flora
193:303–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-2530(17)30851-4
81. Roy R, Schmitt AJ, Thomas JB, Carter CJ (2017) Review: nectar biology: from molecules to
ecosystems. Plant Sci 262:148–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.04.012
82. Baker H, Baker I (1983) A brief historical review of chemistry of floral nectar. In: Bentley BL
(ed) The biology of nectaries, 1st edn. Columbia University Press, New York
29 Sugar and Polyphenolic Diversity in Floral Nectar of Cherry
771