Table 2
Botany, characterization, and global distribution pattern of selected mostly used coffee varieties/cultivars of Arabica
Species
Group of
varieties
Botany
Specific characteristic(s)
Countries
References
Arabica TYPICA
Pattern Variety
Average yield, elongated beans, large leaves,
soft stem, good quality of coffee,
susceptibility to insect, pest, and diseases, and
horizontal branching pattern, e.g., Blue
Mountain, Jamaique, Bergendal, BLP,
Sumatra
Central America, Caribbean region,
Colombia, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia,
Pacific area, Cameron
[82]
BOURBON
Natural Mutation
(Typica)
Higher vigor, higher yield, broader leaves,
round fruit, round beans, hard stem, erect
branching, suited to deep lying sites, needs
shade, ripens earlier than Típica, and
susceptibility to all major insect pests and
diseases, e.g., Red and Yellow Bourbon,
Mibirizi, Jackson, Arusha
Brazil, Colombia, Central America, West
Africa
[83]
S-795
Kent X S288
Rust resistance
Indonesia, India
[84]
JAVA
Vigorous growth with good vigor, resistances
against coffee borer disease, elongated seeds
and fruits, bronze young leaves
Ethiopia, Cameron
[85]
MARAGOGYPE Typica
Large fruit, large seeds, large internodes
Central America, Mexico
[24]
CATURRA
Mutants of red
Bourbon
Short stature, short internodes, round seeds
and fruits, large leaves, high yield, soft stem,
over fruiting, susceptible to insects pests and
diseases
Colombia, Costa Rica
[86]
MUNDO NOVO Sumatra X Red
Bourbon
Hard stem, higher yield, large leaves, cherries
and seeds, open growth, suitable for organic
cultivation in lower regions, suitable for
Brazil
[83]
652
A. Hameed et al.
Botany, characterization, and global distribution pattern of selected mostly used coffee varieties/cultivars of Arabica
Species
Group of
varieties
Botany
Specific characteristic(s)
Countries
References
Arabica TYPICA
Pattern Variety
Average yield, elongated beans, large leaves,
soft stem, good quality of coffee,
susceptibility to insect, pest, and diseases, and
horizontal branching pattern, e.g., Blue
Mountain, Jamaique, Bergendal, BLP,
Sumatra
Central America, Caribbean region,
Colombia, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia,
Pacific area, Cameron
[82]
BOURBON
Natural Mutation
(Typica)
Higher vigor, higher yield, broader leaves,
round fruit, round beans, hard stem, erect
branching, suited to deep lying sites, needs
shade, ripens earlier than Típica, and
susceptibility to all major insect pests and
diseases, e.g., Red and Yellow Bourbon,
Mibirizi, Jackson, Arusha
Brazil, Colombia, Central America, West
Africa
[83]
S-795
Kent X S288
Rust resistance
Indonesia, India
[84]
JAVA
Vigorous growth with good vigor, resistances
against coffee borer disease, elongated seeds
and fruits, bronze young leaves
Ethiopia, Cameron
[85]
MARAGOGYPE Typica
Large fruit, large seeds, large internodes
Central America, Mexico
[24]
CATURRA
Mutants of red
Bourbon
Short stature, short internodes, round seeds
and fruits, large leaves, high yield, soft stem,
over fruiting, susceptible to insects pests and
diseases
Colombia, Costa Rica
[86]
MUNDO NOVO Sumatra X Red
Bourbon
Hard stem, higher yield, large leaves, cherries
and seeds, open growth, suitable for organic
cultivation in lower regions, suitable for
Brazil
[83]
652
A. Hameed et al.