4. Hayat S, Hayat Q, Alyemeni MN, Wani AS, Pichtel J, Ahmad A (2012) Role of proline
under changing environments. Plant Signal Behav 7(11):1456–1466. https://doi.org/10.4161/
psb.21949
5. Atkinson NJ, Urwin PE (2012) The interaction of plant biotic and abiotic stresses: from genes
to the field. J Exp Bot 63(10):3523–3543. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers100
6. Klepper L (1979) Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) emissions from herbicidetreated soybean plants. Atmos Environ 13(4):537–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(79)
90148-3
7. Baudouin E (2011) The language of nitric oxide signalling. Plant Biol 13(2):233–242. https://
doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00403
8. Arc E, Galland M, Godin B, Cueff G, Rajjou L (2013) Nitric oxide implication in the control
of seed dormancy and germination. Front Plant Sci 4:346. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.
2013.00346
9. Yu M, Lamattina L, Spoel SH, Loake GJ (2014) Nitric oxide function in plant biology: a redox
cue in deconvolution. New Phytol 202(4):1142–1156. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12739
10. Corpas FJ, Leterrier M, Valderrama R, Airaki M, Chaki M, Palma JM, Barroso JB (2011)
Nitric oxide imbalance provokes a nitrosative response in plants under abiotic stress. Plant Sci
181(5):604–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.04.005
11. Asgher M, Per TS, Masood A, Fatma M, Freschi L, Corpas FJ, Khan NA (2017)
Nitric oxide signaling and its crosstalk with other plant growth regulators in plant responses
to abiotic stress. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 24(3):2273–2285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356016-7947-8
12. Parankusam S, Adimulam SS, Bhatnagar-Mathur P, Sharma KK (2017) Nitric oxide (NO) in
plant heat stress tolerance: current knowledge and perspectives. Front Plant Sci 13(8):1582.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01582
13. Fancy NN, Bahlmann AK, Loake GJ (2017) Nitric oxide function in plant abiotic stress. Plant
Cell Environ 40(4):462–472. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12707
14. Negi S, Santisree P, Kharshiing EV, Sharma R (2010) Inhibition of the ubiquitin proteasome
pathway alters cellular levels of nitric oxide in tomato seedlings. Mol Plant 3(5):854–869.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mp/ssq033
15. Sahay S, Gupta M (2017) An update on nitric oxide and its benign role in plant responses
under metal stress. Nitric Oxide 67:39–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2017.04.011
16. Mur LA, Mandon J, Persijn S, Cristescu SM, Moshkov IE, Novikova GV, . . . Gupta KJ (2013)
Nitric oxide in plants: an assessment of the current state of knowledge. AoB Plants 5. https://
doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/pls052
17. Foresi N, Mayta ML, Lodeyro AF, Scuffi D, Correa-Aragunde N, García-Mata C, . . . Lamattina
L (2015) Expression of the tetrahydrofolate-dependent nitric oxide synthase from the green alga
Ostreococcus tauri increases tolerance to abiotic stresses and influences stomatal development in
Arabidopsis. Plant J 82(5):806–821. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12852
18. Rőszer T (2012) The biology of subcellular nitric oxide. Springer Science & Business Media,
Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2819-6
19. Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Floryszak-Wieczorek J, Kosmala A (2011) Are nitric oxide donors
a valuable tool to study the functional role of nitric oxide in plant metabolism. Plant Biol
13(5):747–756. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00430
20. Shi HT, Li RJ, Cai W, Liu W, Wang CL, Lu YT (2011) Increasing nitric oxide content in
Arabidopsis thaliana by expressing rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase resulted in enhanced
stress tolerance. Plant Cell Physiol 53(2):344–357. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcr181
21. Karuppusamy S (2009) A review on trends in production of secondary metabolites from higher
plants by in vitro tissue, organ and cell cultures. J Med Plant Res 3(13):1222–1239
22. Szakiel A, Pączkowski C, Henry M (2011) Influence of environmental abiotic factors on the
content of saponins in plants. Phytochemistry 10(4):471–491. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101010-9177
23. Golkar P, Taghizadeh M (2018) In vitro evaluation of phenolic and osmolite compounds, ionic
content and antioxidant activity in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under salinity stress.
Plant Cell Tissue Org Cult 134(3):357–368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-018-1427-4
614
P. Santisree et al.
under changing environments. Plant Signal Behav 7(11):1456–1466. https://doi.org/10.4161/
psb.21949
5. Atkinson NJ, Urwin PE (2012) The interaction of plant biotic and abiotic stresses: from genes
to the field. J Exp Bot 63(10):3523–3543. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers100
6. Klepper L (1979) Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) emissions from herbicidetreated soybean plants. Atmos Environ 13(4):537–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(79)
90148-3
7. Baudouin E (2011) The language of nitric oxide signalling. Plant Biol 13(2):233–242. https://
doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00403
8. Arc E, Galland M, Godin B, Cueff G, Rajjou L (2013) Nitric oxide implication in the control
of seed dormancy and germination. Front Plant Sci 4:346. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.
2013.00346
9. Yu M, Lamattina L, Spoel SH, Loake GJ (2014) Nitric oxide function in plant biology: a redox
cue in deconvolution. New Phytol 202(4):1142–1156. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12739
10. Corpas FJ, Leterrier M, Valderrama R, Airaki M, Chaki M, Palma JM, Barroso JB (2011)
Nitric oxide imbalance provokes a nitrosative response in plants under abiotic stress. Plant Sci
181(5):604–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.04.005
11. Asgher M, Per TS, Masood A, Fatma M, Freschi L, Corpas FJ, Khan NA (2017)
Nitric oxide signaling and its crosstalk with other plant growth regulators in plant responses
to abiotic stress. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 24(3):2273–2285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356016-7947-8
12. Parankusam S, Adimulam SS, Bhatnagar-Mathur P, Sharma KK (2017) Nitric oxide (NO) in
plant heat stress tolerance: current knowledge and perspectives. Front Plant Sci 13(8):1582.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01582
13. Fancy NN, Bahlmann AK, Loake GJ (2017) Nitric oxide function in plant abiotic stress. Plant
Cell Environ 40(4):462–472. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12707
14. Negi S, Santisree P, Kharshiing EV, Sharma R (2010) Inhibition of the ubiquitin proteasome
pathway alters cellular levels of nitric oxide in tomato seedlings. Mol Plant 3(5):854–869.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mp/ssq033
15. Sahay S, Gupta M (2017) An update on nitric oxide and its benign role in plant responses
under metal stress. Nitric Oxide 67:39–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2017.04.011
16. Mur LA, Mandon J, Persijn S, Cristescu SM, Moshkov IE, Novikova GV, . . . Gupta KJ (2013)
Nitric oxide in plants: an assessment of the current state of knowledge. AoB Plants 5. https://
doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/pls052
17. Foresi N, Mayta ML, Lodeyro AF, Scuffi D, Correa-Aragunde N, García-Mata C, . . . Lamattina
L (2015) Expression of the tetrahydrofolate-dependent nitric oxide synthase from the green alga
Ostreococcus tauri increases tolerance to abiotic stresses and influences stomatal development in
Arabidopsis. Plant J 82(5):806–821. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12852
18. Rőszer T (2012) The biology of subcellular nitric oxide. Springer Science & Business Media,
Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2819-6
19. Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Floryszak-Wieczorek J, Kosmala A (2011) Are nitric oxide donors
a valuable tool to study the functional role of nitric oxide in plant metabolism. Plant Biol
13(5):747–756. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00430
20. Shi HT, Li RJ, Cai W, Liu W, Wang CL, Lu YT (2011) Increasing nitric oxide content in
Arabidopsis thaliana by expressing rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase resulted in enhanced
stress tolerance. Plant Cell Physiol 53(2):344–357. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcr181
21. Karuppusamy S (2009) A review on trends in production of secondary metabolites from higher
plants by in vitro tissue, organ and cell cultures. J Med Plant Res 3(13):1222–1239
22. Szakiel A, Pączkowski C, Henry M (2011) Influence of environmental abiotic factors on the
content of saponins in plants. Phytochemistry 10(4):471–491. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101010-9177
23. Golkar P, Taghizadeh M (2018) In vitro evaluation of phenolic and osmolite compounds, ionic
content and antioxidant activity in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under salinity stress.
Plant Cell Tissue Org Cult 134(3):357–368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-018-1427-4
614
P. Santisree et al.