Table 3 Weed management through allelopathic crop water extracts
Weed species Crop
Allelopathic
water extract
Rate and
timing of
application
Reduction (%)
References
Weed
density
Weed dry
mass
Horse purslane Direct seeded
rice
Sorghum
18 L ha
À1 at
20 days after
sowing
(DAS)
26.7–48.7 –
[105]
Purple
nutsedge
Direct seeded
rice
Sorghum
18 L ha
À1 at
20 DAS
19.6–34.0 –
Jungle rice
Direct seeded
rice
Sorghum
18 L ha
À1 at
20 DAS
10.7–35.4 –
Crowfoot
grass
Direct seeded
rice
Sorghum
18 L ha
À1 at
20 DAS
19.6–23.2 –
Horse purslane Transplanted
flooded rice
Sorghum
18 L ha
À1 at
20 DAS
23.0–27.8 –
Purple
nutsedge
Transplanted
flooded rice
Sorghum
18 L ha
À1 at
20 DAS
11.1–31.2 –
Jungle rice
Transplanted
flooded rice
Sorghum
18 L ha
À1 at
20 DAS
12.5–26.1 –
Crowfoot
grass
Transplanted
flooded rice
Sorghum
18 L ha
À1 at
20 DAS
24.5–33.3 –
Jungle rice,
purple
nutsedge, rice
flat sedge
(Cyperus
iria L.)
Rice
Sorghum
15 L ha
À1
–
40.4
[141]
Little seed
canarygrass,
wild oat
Wheat
Sorghum +
brassica
12 L ha
À1
(each) at 30
and 40 DAS
–
18–27
[142]
Little seed
canarygrass,
wild oat
Wheat
Sorghum +
sunflower
12 L ha
À1
(each) at 30
and 40 DAS
–
24–39
Horse purslane Cotton
Sorghum
One spray at
20 DAS
–
39.7
[143]
Field
bindweed
Cotton
Sorghum
Two sprays
at 20 and 40
DAS
–
58.4
Bermuda grass Cotton
Sorghum
Three sprays
at 20, 40,
and 60 DAS
–
26.5
Purple
nutsedge
Cotton
Sorghum
–
–
11.4
Littleseed
canarygrass,
wild oat
Wheat
Sorghum +
eucalyptus
12 L ha
À1
(each) at 30
and 40 DAS
–
13–32
[142]
Common
lamb’s quarter,
Mung bean Sorghum
One spray at
20 DAS at
11.4
13.85
[116]
(continued)
556
A. Nawaz et al.