26. Hughes NM, Lev-Yadun S (2015) Red/purple leaf margin coloration: potential ecological and
physiological functions. Environ Exp Bot 119:27–39
27. Cooney LJ, van Klink JW, Hughes NM, Perry NB, Schaefer HM, Menzies IJ, Gould KS
(2012) Red leaf margins indicate increased polygodial content and function as visual signals to
reduce herbivory in Pseudowintera colorata. New Phytol 194:488–497
28. Bernays EA (1998) Evolution of feeding behavior in insect herbivores. Bioscience 48:35–44
29. Meyer GA (1993) A comparison of the impacts of leaf-and sap-feeding insects on growth and
allocation of goldenrod. Ecology 74:1101–1116
30. Zucker WV (1982) How aphids choose leaves: the roles of phenolics in host selection by a
galling aphid. Ecology 63:972–981
31. Furusaka S, Kozakai C, Nemoto Y, Umemura Y, Naganuma T, Yamazaki K, Koike S (2017)
The selection by the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) of spring plant food items according
to their nutritional values. ZooKeys 672:121
32. McKey DB, Gartlan JS, Waterman PG, Choo GM (1981) Food selection by black colobus
monkeys (Colobus satanas) in relation to plant chemistry. Biol J Linn Soc 16:115–146
33. Dasilva GL (1994) Diet of Colobus polykomos on Tiwai Island: selection of food in relation to
its seasonal abundance and nutritional quality. Int J Primatol 15:655–680
34. Righini N, Garber PA, Rothman JM (2017) The effects of plant nutritional chemistry on food
selection of Mexican black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra): the role of lipids. Am J Primatol
79:1–15
35. Behie AM, Pavelka MS (2012) Food selection in the black howler monkey following habitat
disturbance: implications for the importance of mature leaves. J Trop Ecol 28:153–160
36. Ma C, Liao J, Fan P (2017) Food selection in relation to nutritional chemistry of Cao Vit
gibbons in Jingxi. Chin Primates 58:63–74
37. Norscia I, Ramanamanjato JB, Ganzhorn JU (2012) Feeding patterns and dietary profile
of nocturnal southern woolly lemurs (Avahi meridionalis) in Southeast Madagascar. Int
J Primatol 33:150–167
38. Simmen B, Tarnaud L, Marez A, Hladik A (2014) Leaf chemistry as a predictor of primate
biomass and the mediating role of food selection: a case study in a folivorous lemur
(Propithecus verreauxi). Am J Primatol 76:563–575
39. Ito M, Tamura N, Hayashi F (2017) Seasonal changes in leaf chemistry and leaf selection of
the Japanese giant flying squirrel upon two tree species. Ecol Evol 7:5766–5773
40. Cooper SM, Owen-Smith N (1985) Condensed tannins deter feeding by browsing ruminants in
a south African savanna. Oecologia 67:142–146
41. Ganzhorn JU (2002) Distribution of a folivorous lemur in relation to seasonally varying food
resources: integrating quantitative and qualitative aspects of food characteristics. Oecologia
131:427–435
42. Glander KE (1981) Feeding patterns in Mantled howling monkeys. In: Kamil AC, Sargent TD
(eds) Foraging behavior: ecological, ethological, and psychological approaches. Garland
Press, New York, pp 231–257
43. Davies AG, Bennett EL, Waterman PG (1988) Food selection by two south-east
Asian colobine monkeys (Presbytis rubicunda and Presbytis melalophos) in relation to plant
chemistry. Biol J Linn Soc 34:33–56
44. Chapman CA, Chapman LJ (2002) Foraging challenges of red colobus monkeys: influence of
nutrients and secondary compounds. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 133:
861–875
45. Mowry CB, Decker BS, Shure DJ (1996) The role of phytochemistry in dietary choices of
Tana River red colobus monkeys (Procolobus badius rufomitratus). Int J Primatol
17:63–84
46. Oates JF, Waterman PG, Choo GM (1980) Food selection by the south Indian leaf-monkey,
Presbytis johnii, in relation to leaf chemistry. Oecologia 45:45–56
47. Hill DA, Lucas PW (1996) Toughness and fiber content of major leaf foods of Japanese
macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui) in Yakushima. Am J Primatol 38:221–231
372
M. Ito and F. Hayashi
physiological functions. Environ Exp Bot 119:27–39
27. Cooney LJ, van Klink JW, Hughes NM, Perry NB, Schaefer HM, Menzies IJ, Gould KS
(2012) Red leaf margins indicate increased polygodial content and function as visual signals to
reduce herbivory in Pseudowintera colorata. New Phytol 194:488–497
28. Bernays EA (1998) Evolution of feeding behavior in insect herbivores. Bioscience 48:35–44
29. Meyer GA (1993) A comparison of the impacts of leaf-and sap-feeding insects on growth and
allocation of goldenrod. Ecology 74:1101–1116
30. Zucker WV (1982) How aphids choose leaves: the roles of phenolics in host selection by a
galling aphid. Ecology 63:972–981
31. Furusaka S, Kozakai C, Nemoto Y, Umemura Y, Naganuma T, Yamazaki K, Koike S (2017)
The selection by the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) of spring plant food items according
to their nutritional values. ZooKeys 672:121
32. McKey DB, Gartlan JS, Waterman PG, Choo GM (1981) Food selection by black colobus
monkeys (Colobus satanas) in relation to plant chemistry. Biol J Linn Soc 16:115–146
33. Dasilva GL (1994) Diet of Colobus polykomos on Tiwai Island: selection of food in relation to
its seasonal abundance and nutritional quality. Int J Primatol 15:655–680
34. Righini N, Garber PA, Rothman JM (2017) The effects of plant nutritional chemistry on food
selection of Mexican black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra): the role of lipids. Am J Primatol
79:1–15
35. Behie AM, Pavelka MS (2012) Food selection in the black howler monkey following habitat
disturbance: implications for the importance of mature leaves. J Trop Ecol 28:153–160
36. Ma C, Liao J, Fan P (2017) Food selection in relation to nutritional chemistry of Cao Vit
gibbons in Jingxi. Chin Primates 58:63–74
37. Norscia I, Ramanamanjato JB, Ganzhorn JU (2012) Feeding patterns and dietary profile
of nocturnal southern woolly lemurs (Avahi meridionalis) in Southeast Madagascar. Int
J Primatol 33:150–167
38. Simmen B, Tarnaud L, Marez A, Hladik A (2014) Leaf chemistry as a predictor of primate
biomass and the mediating role of food selection: a case study in a folivorous lemur
(Propithecus verreauxi). Am J Primatol 76:563–575
39. Ito M, Tamura N, Hayashi F (2017) Seasonal changes in leaf chemistry and leaf selection of
the Japanese giant flying squirrel upon two tree species. Ecol Evol 7:5766–5773
40. Cooper SM, Owen-Smith N (1985) Condensed tannins deter feeding by browsing ruminants in
a south African savanna. Oecologia 67:142–146
41. Ganzhorn JU (2002) Distribution of a folivorous lemur in relation to seasonally varying food
resources: integrating quantitative and qualitative aspects of food characteristics. Oecologia
131:427–435
42. Glander KE (1981) Feeding patterns in Mantled howling monkeys. In: Kamil AC, Sargent TD
(eds) Foraging behavior: ecological, ethological, and psychological approaches. Garland
Press, New York, pp 231–257
43. Davies AG, Bennett EL, Waterman PG (1988) Food selection by two south-east
Asian colobine monkeys (Presbytis rubicunda and Presbytis melalophos) in relation to plant
chemistry. Biol J Linn Soc 34:33–56
44. Chapman CA, Chapman LJ (2002) Foraging challenges of red colobus monkeys: influence of
nutrients and secondary compounds. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 133:
861–875
45. Mowry CB, Decker BS, Shure DJ (1996) The role of phytochemistry in dietary choices of
Tana River red colobus monkeys (Procolobus badius rufomitratus). Int J Primatol
17:63–84
46. Oates JF, Waterman PG, Choo GM (1980) Food selection by the south Indian leaf-monkey,
Presbytis johnii, in relation to leaf chemistry. Oecologia 45:45–56
47. Hill DA, Lucas PW (1996) Toughness and fiber content of major leaf foods of Japanese
macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui) in Yakushima. Am J Primatol 38:221–231
372
M. Ito and F. Hayashi