R, Hernández-Oñate M, Karaffa L, Kosti I, Le Crom S, Lindquist E, Lucas S, Lübeck M,
Lübeck PS, Margeot A, Metz B, Misra M, Nevalainen H, Omann M, Packer N, Perrone G,
Uresti-Rivera EE, Salamov A, Schmoll M, Seiboth B, Shapiro H, Sukno S, Tamayo-Ramos
JA, Tisch D, Wiest A, Wilkinson HH, Zhang M, Coutinho PM, Kenerley CM, Monte E, Baker
SE, Grigoriev IV (2011) Comparative genome sequence analysis underscores mycoparasitism
as the ancestral life style of Trichoderma. Genome Biol 12:R40. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb2011-12-4-r40
4. Schuster A, Schmoll M (2010) Biology and biotechnology of Trichoderma. Appl Microbiol
Biotechnol 87:787–799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-010-2632-1
5. Mukherjee PK, Horwitz BA, Herrera-Estrella A, Schmoll M, Kenerley CM (2013)
Trichoderma research in the genome era. Annu Rev Phytopathol 51:105–129. https://doi.
org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082712-102353
6. Crutcher FK, Parich A, Schuhmacher R, Mukherjee PS, Zeilinger S, Kenerley CM (2013)
A putative terpene cyclase, vir4, is responsible for the biosynthesis of volatile terpene
compounds in the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma virens. Fungal Genet Biol 56:67–77.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2013.05.003
7. Contreras-Cornejo HA, Macías-Rodríguez L, del-Val E, Larsen J (2016) Ecological functions
of Trichoderma spp. and their secondary metabolites in the rhizosphere: interactions with
plants. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 92. https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiw036
8. Carreras-Villaseñor N, Sánchez-Arreguín JA, Herrera-Estrella AH (2012) Trichoderma: sensing the environment for survival and dispersal. Microbiology 158:3–16. https://doi.org/
10.1099/mic.0.052688-0
9. Lamdan NL, Shalaby S, Ziv T, Kenerley CM, Horwitz BA (2015) Secretome of Trichoderma
interacting with maize roots: role in induced systemic resistance. Mol Cell Proteomics
14:1054–1063. https://doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M114.046607
10. Vinale F, Sivasithamparam K, Ghisalberti EL, Marra R, Woo SL, Lorito M (2008)
Trichoderma-plant-pathogen interactions. Soil Biol Biochem 40:1–10. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.002
11. Contreras-Cornejo HA, Macías-Rodríguez L, Cortés-Penagos C, López-Bucio J (2009)
Trichoderma virens, a plant beneficial fungus enhances biomass production and promotes
lateral root growth through an auxin dependent mechanism in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol
149:1579–1592. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.108.130369
12. Velázquez-Robledo R, Contreras-Cornejo HA, Macías-Rodríguez L, Hernàndez-Morales A,
Aguirre J, Casas-Flores S, López-Bucio J, Herrera-Estrella A (2011) Role of the 4phosphopantetheinyl transferase of Trichoderma virens in secondary metabolism, and induction of plant defense responses. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 24:1459–1471. https://doi.org/
10.1094/MPMI-02-11-0045
13. Müller A, Faubert P, Hagen M, Zu Castell W, Polle A, Schnitzler JP, Rosenkranz M (2013)
Volatile profiles of fungi-chemotyping of species and ecological functions. Fungal Genet Biol
54:25–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2013.02.005
14. Mukherjee PK, Horwitz BA, Kenerley CM (2012) Secondary metabolism in Trichoderma-a
genomic perspective. Microbiology 158:35–45. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.053629-0
15. Zachow C, Berg C, Müller H, Monk J, Berg G (2016) Endemic plants harbour specific
Trichoderma communities with an exceptional potential for biocontrol of phytopathogens.
J Biotechnol 235:162–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.03.049
16. Reino JL, Guerrero RF, Hernández-Galán R, Collado IG (2008) Secondary metabolites from
species of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma. Phytochem Rev 7:89–123
17. Ramírez-Valdespino CA, Porras-Troncoso MD, Corrales-Escobosa AR, Wrobel K, MartínezHernández P, Olmedo-Monfil V (2018) Functional characterization of TvCyt2, a member of
the p450 monooxygenases from Trichoderma virens relevant during the association with
plants and mycoparasitism. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 31:289–298. https://doi.org/10.1094/
MPMI-01-17-0015-R
18. Shoresh M, Harman GE (2008) The molecular basis of shoot responses of maize seedlings to
Trichoderma harzianum T22 inoculation of the root: a proteomic approach. Plant Physiol
147:2147–2163. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.108.123810
12 Interactions of Trichoderma with Plants, Insects, and Plant Pathogen. . .
283
Lübeck PS, Margeot A, Metz B, Misra M, Nevalainen H, Omann M, Packer N, Perrone G,
Uresti-Rivera EE, Salamov A, Schmoll M, Seiboth B, Shapiro H, Sukno S, Tamayo-Ramos
JA, Tisch D, Wiest A, Wilkinson HH, Zhang M, Coutinho PM, Kenerley CM, Monte E, Baker
SE, Grigoriev IV (2011) Comparative genome sequence analysis underscores mycoparasitism
as the ancestral life style of Trichoderma. Genome Biol 12:R40. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb2011-12-4-r40
4. Schuster A, Schmoll M (2010) Biology and biotechnology of Trichoderma. Appl Microbiol
Biotechnol 87:787–799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-010-2632-1
5. Mukherjee PK, Horwitz BA, Herrera-Estrella A, Schmoll M, Kenerley CM (2013)
Trichoderma research in the genome era. Annu Rev Phytopathol 51:105–129. https://doi.
org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082712-102353
6. Crutcher FK, Parich A, Schuhmacher R, Mukherjee PS, Zeilinger S, Kenerley CM (2013)
A putative terpene cyclase, vir4, is responsible for the biosynthesis of volatile terpene
compounds in the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma virens. Fungal Genet Biol 56:67–77.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2013.05.003
7. Contreras-Cornejo HA, Macías-Rodríguez L, del-Val E, Larsen J (2016) Ecological functions
of Trichoderma spp. and their secondary metabolites in the rhizosphere: interactions with
plants. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 92. https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiw036
8. Carreras-Villaseñor N, Sánchez-Arreguín JA, Herrera-Estrella AH (2012) Trichoderma: sensing the environment for survival and dispersal. Microbiology 158:3–16. https://doi.org/
10.1099/mic.0.052688-0
9. Lamdan NL, Shalaby S, Ziv T, Kenerley CM, Horwitz BA (2015) Secretome of Trichoderma
interacting with maize roots: role in induced systemic resistance. Mol Cell Proteomics
14:1054–1063. https://doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M114.046607
10. Vinale F, Sivasithamparam K, Ghisalberti EL, Marra R, Woo SL, Lorito M (2008)
Trichoderma-plant-pathogen interactions. Soil Biol Biochem 40:1–10. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.002
11. Contreras-Cornejo HA, Macías-Rodríguez L, Cortés-Penagos C, López-Bucio J (2009)
Trichoderma virens, a plant beneficial fungus enhances biomass production and promotes
lateral root growth through an auxin dependent mechanism in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol
149:1579–1592. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.108.130369
12. Velázquez-Robledo R, Contreras-Cornejo HA, Macías-Rodríguez L, Hernàndez-Morales A,
Aguirre J, Casas-Flores S, López-Bucio J, Herrera-Estrella A (2011) Role of the 4phosphopantetheinyl transferase of Trichoderma virens in secondary metabolism, and induction of plant defense responses. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 24:1459–1471. https://doi.org/
10.1094/MPMI-02-11-0045
13. Müller A, Faubert P, Hagen M, Zu Castell W, Polle A, Schnitzler JP, Rosenkranz M (2013)
Volatile profiles of fungi-chemotyping of species and ecological functions. Fungal Genet Biol
54:25–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2013.02.005
14. Mukherjee PK, Horwitz BA, Kenerley CM (2012) Secondary metabolism in Trichoderma-a
genomic perspective. Microbiology 158:35–45. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.053629-0
15. Zachow C, Berg C, Müller H, Monk J, Berg G (2016) Endemic plants harbour specific
Trichoderma communities with an exceptional potential for biocontrol of phytopathogens.
J Biotechnol 235:162–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.03.049
16. Reino JL, Guerrero RF, Hernández-Galán R, Collado IG (2008) Secondary metabolites from
species of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma. Phytochem Rev 7:89–123
17. Ramírez-Valdespino CA, Porras-Troncoso MD, Corrales-Escobosa AR, Wrobel K, MartínezHernández P, Olmedo-Monfil V (2018) Functional characterization of TvCyt2, a member of
the p450 monooxygenases from Trichoderma virens relevant during the association with
plants and mycoparasitism. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 31:289–298. https://doi.org/10.1094/
MPMI-01-17-0015-R
18. Shoresh M, Harman GE (2008) The molecular basis of shoot responses of maize seedlings to
Trichoderma harzianum T22 inoculation of the root: a proteomic approach. Plant Physiol
147:2147–2163. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.108.123810
12 Interactions of Trichoderma with Plants, Insects, and Plant Pathogen. . .
283