References
1. Hamilton AJ, Novotny V, Waters EK, Basset Y, Benke KK, Grimbacher PS, Miller SE,
Samuelson GA, Weiblen GD, Yen JDL, Stork NE (2013) Estimating global arthropod species
richness: refining probabilistic models using probability bounds analysis. Oecologia
171:357–365
2. Basset Y, Cizek L, Cuenoud P, Didham RK, Guilhaumon F, Missa O, Novotny V, Odegaard F,
Roslin T, Schmidl J, Tishechkin AK, Winchester NN, Roubik DW, Aberlenc HP, Bail J,
Barrios H, Bridle JR, Castano-Meneses G, Corbara B, Curletti G, da Rocha WD, de Bakker D,
Delabie JHC, Dejean A, Fagan LL, Floren A, Kitching RL, Medianero E, Miller SE, de
Oliveira EG, Orivel J, Pollet M, Rapp M, Ribeiro SP, Roisin Y, Schmidt JB, Sorensen L,
Leponce M (2012) Arthropod diversity in a tropical forest. Science 338:1481–1484
3. Schoonhoven LM, van Loon JJA, Dicke M (2005) Insect–plant biology. Oxford University
Press, New York
4. Ehrlich PR, Raven PH (1964) Butterflies and plants – a study in coevolution. Evolution
18:586–608
5. Janz N (2011) Ehrlich and Raven revisited: mechanisms underlying codiversification of plants
and enemies. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 42:71–89
6. Farrell BD, Dussourd DE, Mitter C (1991) Escalation of plant defense – do latex and resin
canals spur plant diversification. Am Nat 138:881–900
7. Volf M, Segar ST, Miller SE, Isua B, Sisol M, Aubona G, Šimek P, Moos M, Laitila J, Kim J,
Zima Jnr J, Rota J, Weiblen GD, Wossa S, Salminen JP, Basset Y, Novotny V (2018)
Community structure of insect herbivores is driven by conservatism, escalation and divergence
of defensive traits in Ficus. Ecol Lett 21:83–92
8. Marquis RJ, Salazar D, Baer C, Reinhardt J, Priest G, Barnett K (2016) Ode to Ehrlich and
Raven or how herbivorous insects might drive plant speciation. Ecology 97:2939–2951
9. Steemans P, Le Herisse A, Melvin J, Miller MA, Paris F, Verniers J, Wellman CH (2009)
Origin and radiation of the earliest vascular land plants. Science 324:353–353
10. Labandeira CC (2013) A paleobiologic perspective on plant–insect interactions. Curr Opin
Plant Biol 16:414–421
11. Labandeira C (2007) The origin of herbivory on land: initial patterns of plant tissue consumption by arthropods. Insect Sci 14:259–275
12. Koricheva J, Nykanen H, Gianoli E (2004) Meta-analysis of trade-offs among plant antiherbivore defenses: are plants jacks-of-all-trades, masters of all? Am Nat 163:64–75
13. Volf M, Hrcek J, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Novotny V (2015) To each its own: differential response
of specialist and generalist herbivores to plant defence in willows. J Anim Ecol 84:1123–1132
14. Ali JG, Agrawal AA (2012) Specialist versus generalist insect herbivores and plant defense.
Trends Plant Sci 17:293–302
15. Volf M, Kadlec J, Butterill PT, Novotny V (2017) Host phylogeny and nutrient content drive
galler diversity and abundance on willows. Ecol Entomol. https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12420
16. Whittaker RH, Feeny PP (1971) Allelochemics: chemical interactions between species.
Science 171:757–770
17. Agrawal AA (2005) Natural selection on common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) by a community of specialized insect herbivores. Evol Ecol Res 7:651–667
18. Becerra JX (1997) Insects on plants: macroevolutionary chemical trends in host use. Science
276:253–256
19. Volf M, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Hrcek J, Novotny V (2015) Insect herbivores drive the loss of
unique chemical defense in willows. Entomol Exp Appl 156:88–98
20. Jones CG, Lawton JH (1991) Plant chemistry and insect species richness of British umbellifers. J Anim Ecol 60:767–777
21. Hartmann T, Theuring C, Beuerle T, Bernays E, Singer M (2005) Acquisition, transformation
and maintenance of plant pyrrolizidine alkaloids by the polyphagous arctiid Grammia
geneura. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 35:1083–1099
94
M. Volf
1. Hamilton AJ, Novotny V, Waters EK, Basset Y, Benke KK, Grimbacher PS, Miller SE,
Samuelson GA, Weiblen GD, Yen JDL, Stork NE (2013) Estimating global arthropod species
richness: refining probabilistic models using probability bounds analysis. Oecologia
171:357–365
2. Basset Y, Cizek L, Cuenoud P, Didham RK, Guilhaumon F, Missa O, Novotny V, Odegaard F,
Roslin T, Schmidl J, Tishechkin AK, Winchester NN, Roubik DW, Aberlenc HP, Bail J,
Barrios H, Bridle JR, Castano-Meneses G, Corbara B, Curletti G, da Rocha WD, de Bakker D,
Delabie JHC, Dejean A, Fagan LL, Floren A, Kitching RL, Medianero E, Miller SE, de
Oliveira EG, Orivel J, Pollet M, Rapp M, Ribeiro SP, Roisin Y, Schmidt JB, Sorensen L,
Leponce M (2012) Arthropod diversity in a tropical forest. Science 338:1481–1484
3. Schoonhoven LM, van Loon JJA, Dicke M (2005) Insect–plant biology. Oxford University
Press, New York
4. Ehrlich PR, Raven PH (1964) Butterflies and plants – a study in coevolution. Evolution
18:586–608
5. Janz N (2011) Ehrlich and Raven revisited: mechanisms underlying codiversification of plants
and enemies. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 42:71–89
6. Farrell BD, Dussourd DE, Mitter C (1991) Escalation of plant defense – do latex and resin
canals spur plant diversification. Am Nat 138:881–900
7. Volf M, Segar ST, Miller SE, Isua B, Sisol M, Aubona G, Šimek P, Moos M, Laitila J, Kim J,
Zima Jnr J, Rota J, Weiblen GD, Wossa S, Salminen JP, Basset Y, Novotny V (2018)
Community structure of insect herbivores is driven by conservatism, escalation and divergence
of defensive traits in Ficus. Ecol Lett 21:83–92
8. Marquis RJ, Salazar D, Baer C, Reinhardt J, Priest G, Barnett K (2016) Ode to Ehrlich and
Raven or how herbivorous insects might drive plant speciation. Ecology 97:2939–2951
9. Steemans P, Le Herisse A, Melvin J, Miller MA, Paris F, Verniers J, Wellman CH (2009)
Origin and radiation of the earliest vascular land plants. Science 324:353–353
10. Labandeira CC (2013) A paleobiologic perspective on plant–insect interactions. Curr Opin
Plant Biol 16:414–421
11. Labandeira C (2007) The origin of herbivory on land: initial patterns of plant tissue consumption by arthropods. Insect Sci 14:259–275
12. Koricheva J, Nykanen H, Gianoli E (2004) Meta-analysis of trade-offs among plant antiherbivore defenses: are plants jacks-of-all-trades, masters of all? Am Nat 163:64–75
13. Volf M, Hrcek J, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Novotny V (2015) To each its own: differential response
of specialist and generalist herbivores to plant defence in willows. J Anim Ecol 84:1123–1132
14. Ali JG, Agrawal AA (2012) Specialist versus generalist insect herbivores and plant defense.
Trends Plant Sci 17:293–302
15. Volf M, Kadlec J, Butterill PT, Novotny V (2017) Host phylogeny and nutrient content drive
galler diversity and abundance on willows. Ecol Entomol. https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12420
16. Whittaker RH, Feeny PP (1971) Allelochemics: chemical interactions between species.
Science 171:757–770
17. Agrawal AA (2005) Natural selection on common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) by a community of specialized insect herbivores. Evol Ecol Res 7:651–667
18. Becerra JX (1997) Insects on plants: macroevolutionary chemical trends in host use. Science
276:253–256
19. Volf M, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Hrcek J, Novotny V (2015) Insect herbivores drive the loss of
unique chemical defense in willows. Entomol Exp Appl 156:88–98
20. Jones CG, Lawton JH (1991) Plant chemistry and insect species richness of British umbellifers. J Anim Ecol 60:767–777
21. Hartmann T, Theuring C, Beuerle T, Bernays E, Singer M (2005) Acquisition, transformation
and maintenance of plant pyrrolizidine alkaloids by the polyphagous arctiid Grammia
geneura. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 35:1083–1099
94
M. Volf