58
Z. Michalczyk and J. Sposób
Table 4.6 Water withdrawal for national economy and population purposes [4]
Water withdrawal
1980
2000
2016
hm 3
%
hm 3
%
hm 3
%
Total
14,183.6 100.0
11,048.5 100.0
10,581.4 100.0
Surface waters
11,899.0
83.89
9150.6
82.82
8840.8
83.55
Groundwaters
1958.3
13.81
1747.3
15.82
1687.9
15.95
Waters from mines drainage
– used for production
326.2
2.30
150.6
1.36
52.8
0.50
Production purposes
10,137.6
71.47
7637.9
69.13
7492.8
70.81
Sufarce waters
9168.5
64.64
7221.5
65.36
7228.7
68.32
Groundwaters
642.9
4.53
265.8
2.42
211.3
2.00
Water from mine and
building constructions drainage
– used for production
326.2
2.30
150.6
1.36
52.8
0.50
Irrigation in agriculture and
forestry and filling and
completing fishponds
1323.4
9.33
1060.6
9.60
1042.7
9.85
Surface waters
1323.2
9.33
1060.6
9.60
1039.9
9.82
Groundwaters
2.7
0.02
Exploitation of water supply
network – withdrawal in water
intakes
2722.6
19.20
2350.1
21.27
2045.9
19.34
Surface waters
1407.2
9.92
868.5
7.86
572.2
5.41
Groundwaters
1315.4
9.28
1481.5
13.41
1473.8
13.93
hm 3 – cubic hectometres, 1,000,000 m 3
According to the materials of the Ministry of the Environment, the total registered
intake of groundwaters in the area of the country as at the end of 2013 was more than
2.6 km
3 ·year
−1 [25]. This value includes:
• registered intake in more than 18,500 groundwater intakes functioning for the
purposes of provision of the population and industry with water to the amount of
more than 1.6 km
3 ·year
−1 ,
• intake of more than 0.95 km
3 ·year
−1 in the scope of meliorations of mines
exploiting more than 90 largest deposits in Poland,
• intake from meliorations of inactive mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin with
a value of more than 0.08 km
3 ·year
−1 .
In the Vistula River catchment area, according to the state from 2013, groundwater
intake exceeded 1.25 km
3 ·year
−1 , and in the Oder River catchment 1.31 km
3 ·year
−1 .
A systematic increase in water intake should be expected in the upcoming years,
particularly for agriculture, up to a level of 13.4 km
3 in 2025 [26]. An increase in
water use, also in agriculture (irrigation) and fish farming, must consider the rules
of the basic economic calculation. It is particularly important in lowland areas of
Z. Michalczyk and J. Sposób
Table 4.6 Water withdrawal for national economy and population purposes [4]
Water withdrawal
1980
2000
2016
hm 3
%
hm 3
%
hm 3
%
Total
14,183.6 100.0
11,048.5 100.0
10,581.4 100.0
Surface waters
11,899.0
83.89
9150.6
82.82
8840.8
83.55
Groundwaters
1958.3
13.81
1747.3
15.82
1687.9
15.95
Waters from mines drainage
– used for production
326.2
2.30
150.6
1.36
52.8
0.50
Production purposes
10,137.6
71.47
7637.9
69.13
7492.8
70.81
Sufarce waters
9168.5
64.64
7221.5
65.36
7228.7
68.32
Groundwaters
642.9
4.53
265.8
2.42
211.3
2.00
Water from mine and
building constructions drainage
– used for production
326.2
2.30
150.6
1.36
52.8
0.50
Irrigation in agriculture and
forestry and filling and
completing fishponds
1323.4
9.33
1060.6
9.60
1042.7
9.85
Surface waters
1323.2
9.33
1060.6
9.60
1039.9
9.82
Groundwaters
2.7
0.02
Exploitation of water supply
network – withdrawal in water
intakes
2722.6
19.20
2350.1
21.27
2045.9
19.34
Surface waters
1407.2
9.92
868.5
7.86
572.2
5.41
Groundwaters
1315.4
9.28
1481.5
13.41
1473.8
13.93
hm 3 – cubic hectometres, 1,000,000 m 3
According to the materials of the Ministry of the Environment, the total registered
intake of groundwaters in the area of the country as at the end of 2013 was more than
2.6 km
3 ·year
−1 [25]. This value includes:
• registered intake in more than 18,500 groundwater intakes functioning for the
purposes of provision of the population and industry with water to the amount of
more than 1.6 km
3 ·year
−1 ,
• intake of more than 0.95 km
3 ·year
−1 in the scope of meliorations of mines
exploiting more than 90 largest deposits in Poland,
• intake from meliorations of inactive mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin with
a value of more than 0.08 km
3 ·year
−1 .
In the Vistula River catchment area, according to the state from 2013, groundwater
intake exceeded 1.25 km
3 ·year
−1 , and in the Oder River catchment 1.31 km
3 ·year
−1 .
A systematic increase in water intake should be expected in the upcoming years,
particularly for agriculture, up to a level of 13.4 km
3 in 2025 [26]. An increase in
water use, also in agriculture (irrigation) and fish farming, must consider the rules
of the basic economic calculation. It is particularly important in lowland areas of