340
K. Kubiak-Wójcicka and L. Szcz˛ ech
of the power plant is 120 m
3 /s, and the average flow is about 22 m
3 /s. The power
plant operates in peak mode, generating approx. 41 GWh of electricity annually. Its
utilization rate does not exceed 20%. Water outflow from the power plant is led again
to Brda River just behind Koronowo.
The D˛ ebe power plant was built on the Narew River about 20 km from its mouth
to the Vistula near Modlin, about 35 km north from the center of Warsaw. The
construction was completed in 1963. It is a run-of-river hydropower plant with a
retention reservoir creating the Zegrzy´ nskie Lake. The reservoir is created with a
117 m long partially earthfilled (embankment) and partially concrete buttress weir
with a five buttress. A bridge was built along the weir, which is followed by provincial
road No. 632. The reservoir is fed mainly by the Bug and Narew rivers and several
smaller tributaries. Through the ˙
Zera´ nski Channel, it is connected with the Vistula at
the north part of Warsaw. The dam increase of the water level up to a height of 5.5 m.
The total capacity of the Lake is about 81 mln m
3 and the energy-useful capacity is
about 15 mln m
3 . With an average annual flow of 270 m
3 /s and 21.2 MW of power
produced by four Kaplan turbines, the power plant produces 91 GWh of electricity
per year [25].
The Tresna Power Station was built in 1966 on the Soła River, a tributary of the
upper Vistula. It is a reservoir power plant with an embankment dam filled with
clay. As a result of the construction of the dam, the ˙
Zywieckie Lake was established,
gathering approx. 94 mln m
3 of water. The length of the dam is 310 m, and its height is
38 m. The reservoir of the ˙
Zywieckie Lake fulfills flood, energy and water regulation
functions for the Soła and its tributaries, but also is of great importance for recreation
in the Upper Silesia region. The power plant uses two generating sets using Kaplan
turbines with a total capacity of 21 MW. The maximum flow is 122 m
3 /s, while
the average water flow is 18.8 m
3 /s, which, with a nominal head of 20.4 m, allows
production of 2.8 GWh per year.
The Pilchowice hydropower plant (Fig. 17.2) was built in 1912, and after the
modernization completed in 2014, it reached the power of 13.25 MW. The power
plant is located on the Bóbr River near Jelenia Góra. The river was partitioned by
a heavy arc-masonry dam with a stone structure that accumulates water to a height
of 38 m. The height of the dam is 62 m, and its span is 270 m. Behind the dam
was created the Pilchowickie Lake with a total capacity of 50 mln m
3 and an active
zone capacity of 16 mln m
3 . Below the dam, a power house was built, in which 4
generating sets with output power of 2.26 MW each, one set with a capacity of 3 MW
and one with a power of 1.21 MW were placed. All generator sets are powered by
Francis turbines [27].
The Por˛ abka Power Station on the Soła River was created in two stages distant
by almost 30 years. At the end of the 1930s, as a result of the construction of a
water dam, the Mi˛ edzybrodzkie Lake was created, which was only for flood control
functions. The dam project was developed, among others by the later president of
Poland, prof. Gabriel Narutowicz. The height of the dam is 38 m and its length 260 m.
In the 50s, a hydropower plant was built on the tail of the dam with a capacity of
12.5 MW. About 30 mln m
3 of water is stored in the Mi˛ edzybrodzkie Lake, of which
19.5 million m
3 can be used for energy production purposes. The average Soła flow
K. Kubiak-Wójcicka and L. Szcz˛ ech
of the power plant is 120 m
3 /s, and the average flow is about 22 m
3 /s. The power
plant operates in peak mode, generating approx. 41 GWh of electricity annually. Its
utilization rate does not exceed 20%. Water outflow from the power plant is led again
to Brda River just behind Koronowo.
The D˛ ebe power plant was built on the Narew River about 20 km from its mouth
to the Vistula near Modlin, about 35 km north from the center of Warsaw. The
construction was completed in 1963. It is a run-of-river hydropower plant with a
retention reservoir creating the Zegrzy´ nskie Lake. The reservoir is created with a
117 m long partially earthfilled (embankment) and partially concrete buttress weir
with a five buttress. A bridge was built along the weir, which is followed by provincial
road No. 632. The reservoir is fed mainly by the Bug and Narew rivers and several
smaller tributaries. Through the ˙
Zera´ nski Channel, it is connected with the Vistula at
the north part of Warsaw. The dam increase of the water level up to a height of 5.5 m.
The total capacity of the Lake is about 81 mln m
3 and the energy-useful capacity is
about 15 mln m
3 . With an average annual flow of 270 m
3 /s and 21.2 MW of power
produced by four Kaplan turbines, the power plant produces 91 GWh of electricity
per year [25].
The Tresna Power Station was built in 1966 on the Soła River, a tributary of the
upper Vistula. It is a reservoir power plant with an embankment dam filled with
clay. As a result of the construction of the dam, the ˙
Zywieckie Lake was established,
gathering approx. 94 mln m
3 of water. The length of the dam is 310 m, and its height is
38 m. The reservoir of the ˙
Zywieckie Lake fulfills flood, energy and water regulation
functions for the Soła and its tributaries, but also is of great importance for recreation
in the Upper Silesia region. The power plant uses two generating sets using Kaplan
turbines with a total capacity of 21 MW. The maximum flow is 122 m
3 /s, while
the average water flow is 18.8 m
3 /s, which, with a nominal head of 20.4 m, allows
production of 2.8 GWh per year.
The Pilchowice hydropower plant (Fig. 17.2) was built in 1912, and after the
modernization completed in 2014, it reached the power of 13.25 MW. The power
plant is located on the Bóbr River near Jelenia Góra. The river was partitioned by
a heavy arc-masonry dam with a stone structure that accumulates water to a height
of 38 m. The height of the dam is 62 m, and its span is 270 m. Behind the dam
was created the Pilchowickie Lake with a total capacity of 50 mln m
3 and an active
zone capacity of 16 mln m
3 . Below the dam, a power house was built, in which 4
generating sets with output power of 2.26 MW each, one set with a capacity of 3 MW
and one with a power of 1.21 MW were placed. All generator sets are powered by
Francis turbines [27].
The Por˛ abka Power Station on the Soła River was created in two stages distant
by almost 30 years. At the end of the 1930s, as a result of the construction of a
water dam, the Mi˛ edzybrodzkie Lake was created, which was only for flood control
functions. The dam project was developed, among others by the later president of
Poland, prof. Gabriel Narutowicz. The height of the dam is 38 m and its length 260 m.
In the 50s, a hydropower plant was built on the tail of the dam with a capacity of
12.5 MW. About 30 mln m
3 of water is stored in the Mi˛ edzybrodzkie Lake, of which
19.5 million m
3 can be used for energy production purposes. The average Soła flow