152
A. Krawiec and A. Sadurski
healing sulphurous waters and brines of the Cl–Na, S, Cl–SO 4 –Na, H 2 S, Cl–Na, I
types and mineralization ranging from several to 40 g/dm
3 can be found [27, 28].
In Busko-Zdrój, from the C-1 well, water of the Cl–Na–Ca, H 2 S type with the
temperature of 24 °C was extracted. Healing sulphurous waters also occur in the
region of Cracow (Swoszowice, Krzeszowice). In the eastern part of the Foredeep,
healing waters occur in Horyniec (HCO 3 –Ca–Na, H 2 S, type with mineralization
between 0.5 and 0.7 g/dm
3 ) and Latoszyn (SO 4 –Ca, H 2 S, type with mineralization
reaching 2.8 g/dm
3 ).
The interest in all kinds of undertakings connected with the management of
groundwater classified in the category of minerals in Poland has been rising steadily
over several years. It is a consequence of more documentation of new resources as
well as a greater interest in geothermal waters, which are more commonly used in
modern geothermal power stations and leisure facilities.
8.3 Groundwater Resources
Fresh groundwater is in constant circulation, and therefore, one of its characteristics
is sustainability. For the calculation of groundwater resources, different methods are
applied from those which are used in geological documentation of non-regenerative
resources of solid or liquid fossils such as thermal waters or crude oil. The term
fixed resources (stored) of groundwater means the quantity of groundwater, most
frequently expressed in volumetric units per unit time, while in the case of the
dynamic groundwater reserves, it means the quantity in the groundwater reservoir,
drainage basin or another hydrological unit [29]. The quantitative and qualitative
assessment of these resources is conducted for a specific period on the basis of
the research data collected over a multiannual period. Under Polish legislation, the
groundwater resources are treated as disposable resources of a GWB catchment
area or water economic region. Appropriate assessment of disposable resources is a
starting point for any remaining types of hydrological resource assessments, not only
for ordinary waters, but also for renewable resources of healing and thermal waters.
Under Polish legislation, there are currently two kinds of groundwater resources:
disposable resources, which are determined in the course of ongoing regional research
and exploitational resources calculated for groundwater well field intakes. In the
assessments of the state of bodies of groundwater reserves (GWB) for reporting in
compliance with the European Union regulations, the term disposable groundwater
resources is also used. These are disposable resources reduced by the quantity of water
essential for the environmental river flow and maintenance of aquatic ecosystems
dependent on legally protected groundwater resources.
European Union’s Water Framework Directive is commonly referred to also as
the community policy regarding water management, the main aim of which is maintenance and potential improvement of the status of water in the case of groundwater bodies (GWB). In the Water Framework Directive (WFD) of 2000, it was
adopted as a guiding principle that water resource management is implemented
A. Krawiec and A. Sadurski
healing sulphurous waters and brines of the Cl–Na, S, Cl–SO 4 –Na, H 2 S, Cl–Na, I
types and mineralization ranging from several to 40 g/dm
3 can be found [27, 28].
In Busko-Zdrój, from the C-1 well, water of the Cl–Na–Ca, H 2 S type with the
temperature of 24 °C was extracted. Healing sulphurous waters also occur in the
region of Cracow (Swoszowice, Krzeszowice). In the eastern part of the Foredeep,
healing waters occur in Horyniec (HCO 3 –Ca–Na, H 2 S, type with mineralization
between 0.5 and 0.7 g/dm
3 ) and Latoszyn (SO 4 –Ca, H 2 S, type with mineralization
reaching 2.8 g/dm
3 ).
The interest in all kinds of undertakings connected with the management of
groundwater classified in the category of minerals in Poland has been rising steadily
over several years. It is a consequence of more documentation of new resources as
well as a greater interest in geothermal waters, which are more commonly used in
modern geothermal power stations and leisure facilities.
8.3 Groundwater Resources
Fresh groundwater is in constant circulation, and therefore, one of its characteristics
is sustainability. For the calculation of groundwater resources, different methods are
applied from those which are used in geological documentation of non-regenerative
resources of solid or liquid fossils such as thermal waters or crude oil. The term
fixed resources (stored) of groundwater means the quantity of groundwater, most
frequently expressed in volumetric units per unit time, while in the case of the
dynamic groundwater reserves, it means the quantity in the groundwater reservoir,
drainage basin or another hydrological unit [29]. The quantitative and qualitative
assessment of these resources is conducted for a specific period on the basis of
the research data collected over a multiannual period. Under Polish legislation, the
groundwater resources are treated as disposable resources of a GWB catchment
area or water economic region. Appropriate assessment of disposable resources is a
starting point for any remaining types of hydrological resource assessments, not only
for ordinary waters, but also for renewable resources of healing and thermal waters.
Under Polish legislation, there are currently two kinds of groundwater resources:
disposable resources, which are determined in the course of ongoing regional research
and exploitational resources calculated for groundwater well field intakes. In the
assessments of the state of bodies of groundwater reserves (GWB) for reporting in
compliance with the European Union regulations, the term disposable groundwater
resources is also used. These are disposable resources reduced by the quantity of water
essential for the environmental river flow and maintenance of aquatic ecosystems
dependent on legally protected groundwater resources.
European Union’s Water Framework Directive is commonly referred to also as
the community policy regarding water management, the main aim of which is maintenance and potential improvement of the status of water in the case of groundwater bodies (GWB). In the Water Framework Directive (WFD) of 2000, it was
adopted as a guiding principle that water resource management is implemented