Table 5
(continued)
Pharmaceuticals
QuEChERS extraction conditions
Clean-up
salts
Analysis
References
Soil
mass
(g)
Solvent
Extraction salts
Instrument Recovery (%)
RSD
(%)
LOD
sulfathiazole, sulfamethoxazole,
tiamulin, and tylosin
clopidol
(25.2%)
Sulfacetamide,
sulfisomidine, sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole,
sulfapyridine,
sulfamerazine,
sulfameter,
sulfadimidine,
sulfamethizole,
sulfadoxine, sulfamethoxazole,
sulfamoxole,
sulfamonomethoxine,
sulfisoxazole,
sulfabenzamide,
sulfaquinoxaline,
sulfadimethoxine,
erythromycin,
roxithromycin,
clarithromycin
5 g
McIlvaine buffer
Na2EDTA and
NaCl
d-SPE:
PSA, C18,
and
MgSO4
LC-MS/
MS
61.4–118.9%
<20%
[105]
73 target compounds
(pharmaceuticals and
TPs)
1 g
Milli-Q H2O and
1% acetic acid in
ACN
Anhydrous
MgSO4 and
sodium acetate
Anhydrous
MgSO4
and C18
LC-MS/
MS
70–120% (this
approach
achieved to
extract a total of
53 over
73 compounds)
20%
[104]
442
R. Manasfi et al.